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ENGLISH LANGUAGE BankExamsToday.com

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Index

Chapter 1 Reading Comprehension 3-93Chapter 2 Antonyms 94-99Chapter 3 Synonyms 100-104Chapter 4 Sentence Arrangements 105-145Chapter 5 Grammatical Errors 146-161


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Chapter - 1

Reading Comprehension

Directions (Q. 1-10) Read the following passage carefully and answerthe questions given below it.

A long time ago, on a big tree in the lap of the mountain, lived a bird namedSindhuka. It was a rather special bird because its droppings turned into gold assoon as they hit the ground.

One day, a hunter came to the tree in search of prey and he saw Sindhuka'sdroppings hit the ground and turn into gold. The hunter was struck with wonder. Hethough, "I have been hunting birds and small animals since I was a boy, but in allmy 80 years, I have never seen such a miraculous creature. He decided that he hadto catch the bird somehow. He climbed the tree and skillfully set a trap for the bird.The bird, quite unaware of the danger it was in, stayed on the tree and sang merrily.But it was soon caught in the hunter's trap. The hunter immediately seized it andshoved it into a cage.

The hunter took the bird home joyfully. But as he had time to think over hisgood fortune later, he suddenly realised, "If the king comes to know of this wonder,he will certainly take away the bird from me and he might even punish me forkeeping such a rare treasure all to myself. So it would be safer and more honourableif I were to go to the king and present the unique bird to him," The next day, thehunter took the bird to the king and presented it to him in court with greatreverence. The king was delighted t o receive such an unusual and rare gift. He toldhis courtiers to keep the bird safe and feed it with the best bird food available.

The king's prime minister though, was reluctant to accept the bird. Hesaid "O Rajah, how can you believe the word of a foolish hunter accept this bird?Has anyone in our kingdom ever seen abird dropping gold? The hunter must beeither crazy or telling lies. I think it is best that you release the bird from the cage."After a little thought, the king felt that his prime minister's words were correct. Sohe ordered the bird to be released. But as soon as the door of the cage was thrownopen, the bird flew out, perched itself on a nearby doorway and defecated. Toeveryone's surprise, the dropping immediately turned into gold. The king mournedhis loss.

1. Which of the following is possible the most appropriate title for the story?a) The Skilled Hunterb) The King’s Prime Ministerc) The King’s Defeatd) The Bird with the Gold Droppinge) The Trials and Tribulations of the Foolish Bird Sindhuka

2. Which of the following emotions made the hunter gift the bird to the king?a) Respect b) Joy c) Pride


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d) Fear e) Awe

3. Which of the following is true according to the story?a) Birds like Sindhuka were very common in the area near the mountainb) Sindhuka remained caged for the rest of its lifec) Sindhuka was unaware of the trap laid by the hunterd) The King, when told to not accept the bird, did not listen to his PrimeMinistere) All are true

4. Why was the king’s Prime Minister reluctant to accept the bird?a) He believed that the bird would die if cagedb) He know about the hunter’s habit of lyingc) He believed that the bird would bring bad luck to the kingd) His sources had informed him that the hunter was crazye) None of these

5. How did the hunter find Sindhuka?a) He had read stories about the bird and had set traps at various locations inthe cityb) He followed the bird’s droppingsc) He was on the lookout for a prey when he chanced upon itd) People from the city had informed him about the bird’s whereaboutse) He was attracted by the birds calls

Directions (Q. 6-8) Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.

6. Rathera) Regular b) Quite c) Insteadd) But e) Known

7. Releasea) Free b) Vacate c) Ventd) Let expire e) Make public

8. Reverencea) Respect b) Detail c) Astonishmentd) Hope e) Remembrance

Directions (Q. 9-10) Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to theword printed in bold as used in the passage.

9. Reluctanta) True b) Clever c) Aversed) Hesitant e) Keen


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10. Skilfullya) Angrily b) Haphazardly c) Highlyd) Cheaply e) Deftly

Directions (Q. 11-19) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it.

Once a thief named Kalu had planned to loot the king's treasury. At midnight,he went to the palace and began to drill a hole in the side wall of the treasury. Theking, who was awake in his bedroom just above the treasury, came out toinvestigate the whirring sound. He was dressed in a simple nightgown and the thiefcould not recognize him. He asked Kalu who he was and what he was doing. Thelatter said, "Sir, I am a thief and intend to loot this treasury. I presume that you arealso a thief and have come with the same intentin. No matter, let us both go insideand we shall share the loot equally. "Both entered the treasury and divided all themoney and the jewels equally between them.

Inside a locker they found three big diamond pieces. As the thief was puzzled asto how to divide the three pieces into two portions, the king siggested. "We havetaken away everything else. Let us leave one diamond piece for the poor king andshare the rest equally". Kalu agreed and when he took his leave, the king asked forhis name and address. As Kalu had taken a vow of telling only the truth, he have thecorrect information.

The king took away his share of the loot and hid it in his room. Next morninghe asked his Prime Minister to inspect the treasury as he had heard some strangesounds during the previous night. The Prime Minister saw to his horror that all thevaluables were missing and only a single diamond was left, perhaps inadvertantly,by the theif. He put the diamond in his oiwn shift pocket as its loss could beascribed to the thief and nobody would suspect the Prime Minister. The PrimeMinister went back to the king. The king particularly enquirerd. "Do you mean thatthe theif has completely denuded the treasury of its valuables and not a single itemhas been left?" The Prime Minister confirmed it. The king asked the chief of policeto bring in Kalu. When Kalu came he was unable to recfognize the king as hisaccomplice of the previous night. The king asked him, "Are you the theif who h asstolen everything from my treasury leaving nothing back?" Kalu confirmed it butsaid, "Sir, I did leave one diamond back in the locker as advised by an accompliceof mine and it should st ill be there." The Prime Minister interrupted saying, "YourMajesty, this thief is lying. There is nothing left in the locker." The king asked thepolice chief to search the pockets of the Prime Minister, from where the missingdiamond was recovered. The kind told his courtiers, "Here is a Prime Minister, whois a liar and a thief and here is a thief who is at truthful gentleman."

11. The king came out in the middle of the night in order toa) Help kalu to break into the palace treasuryb) Share the loot equally between Kalu and himselfc) Find out the source of and reason for the sound he had heard


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d) Catch the thief who had come to steal his valuablese) None of these

12. Kalu could not recognize the king becausea) The king was wearing clothes like those of an ordinary personb) The king’s clothes were covered by a simple nightdownc) Kalu had never seen the king befored) Kalu had not seen the king descending from his bedroome) None of these

13. Which of the following made the king suspect the Prime Minister? ThePrime Minister’s statement thata) Except for one piece of diamond all other valuables were stolenb) All the valuables without any exception were stolen from the treasuryc) The thief was lying when he said he had left one diamond back in thelockerd) The search for the diamond did not yield any favourable resulte) None of these

14. Which of the following horified the Prime Minister?a) The valuables missing from the king’s treasuryb) A piece of diamond left in the lockerc) Certain strange sounds heard by the Prime Ministerd) The fact that the king suspected him of stealthe) None of these

Directions (Q. 15-17) Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaningas the word given in bold as used in the passage.

15. Accomplicea) Co-traveller b) Collaborator c) Controllerd) Coordinator e) Commuter

16. Ascribeda) Attributed b) Donated c) Attachedd) Withdrew e) Connected

17. Denudeda) Uncovered b) stripped c) Destroyedd) Discarded e) Abandoned

Directions (Q. 18-19) Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of theword given in bold as used in the passage.

18. Inadvertentlya) Knowingly b) Sensibly c) Indifferently


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d) Unwittingly e) Unscrupulously

19. Previousa) New b) Preceding c) Noveld) Modern e) Subsequent


Banking sector reforms in India were introduced in order to improveefficiency in the process of financial intermediation. It was expected that bankswould take advantage of the changing operational environment and improve theirperformance. Towards this end, the Reserve Bank of India initiated a host ofmeasures for the creation of a competitive environment. Deregulation of interestrates on both deposit and lending sides imparted freedom to banks to appropriateprice their products and services. To compete effectively with non-banking entities,banks were permitted to undertake newer activities like investment banking,securities trading and insurance business. This was facilitated through amendmentsin the relevant acts which permitted PSBs to raise equity from the market up tothreshold limit and also enabling the entry of new private and foreign banks. Thischanging face of banking led to an erosion of margins on traditional bankingbusiness, promoting banks to search for newer activities to augment their freeincomes. At the same time, banks also needed to devote focused attention tooperational efficiency in order to contain their transaction costs. Simultaneouslywith the deregulation measures prudential norms were instituted to strengthen thesafety and soundness of the banking system. Recent internal empirical researchfound that over the period 1992-2003, there has been a discernible improvement inthe efficiency of Indian banks. The increasing trend in efficiency has been fairlyuniform, irrespective of the ownership pattern. The rate of such improvement has,however, not been sufficiently high. The analysis also reveals that PSBs and privatesector banks in India did not differe significantly in terms of their efficiencymeasures. Foreign banks, on the other hand, recorded higher efficiency as comparedwith their Indian counterparts.

20. Prudential norms were initiated in the banking sector with a view toa) Increase operational efficiencyb) Contain the non-performing assetsc) Strengthen the soundness of banking systemd) Improve the custome servicee) None of these

21. Banking sector reforms in India were introduced for the purpose ofa) Giving more and more employment opportunities to the educatedunemployedb) Taking care of the downtrodden massesc) Increasing efficiency in the banking activities


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d) Giving better return to the Central Governmente) None of these

22. Banks can control their transaction costs bya) Restricting their lending activitiesb) Undertaking more and more non-banking activitiesc) Encouraging the customers to bank with other banksd) Devoting more attention to operational efficiencye) None of these

23. The recent internal empirical research conducted by the RBI found thata) There is cut-throat competition in banking industryb) The rate of return is not commensurate with the operational costc) The rate of improvement has not been highd) Nationalised banks and private sector banks did differ in the efficiencymeasurese) None of these

24. Which of the following statements recognising improvement in efficiency istrue in the context of the passage?a) There is no discremible difference in efficiency parametersb) The foreign banks recorded higher efficiencyc) The efficiency of foreign banks is not comparable with Indian banksd) The rate of such improvement in efficiency was very highe) None of these

Directions (Q. 25-26) Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaningas the word printed in bold as used in the passage.

25. Relevanta) Recorded b) Opposite c) Appropriated) Stringent e) Germane

26. Augmenta) Make b) Become c) Enlarged) Increase e) Envelop

Directions (Q. 27-28) Choose the word that is most opposite of the word printed inbold as used in the passage.

27. Improvea) Retard b) Disprove c) Proved) Accelerate e) Degenerate

28. Reveala) Show b) Conceal c) Secretived) Exhibit e) None of these


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King Hutamasan felt he had everything in the World not only due to hisriches and his noble knights, but because of his beautiful queen, Rani Matsya. Therays of the Sun were put to shame with the iridescent light that Matsya illuminated,with her beauty and brain. At the right hand of the king, she was known to sit andaid him in all his judicial probes. You could not escape her deep-set eyes, when youcommitted a crime as she always knew the victim and the culprit. Her generositypreceded her reputation in the kingdom and her hands were always full to give.People in the kingdom revered her because if she passed by, she always gave to thecompassionate and poor.

Far away from the kingly palace lived a man named Raman with only endsto his poverty and no means to rectify it. Raman was wrecked with poverty as hehad lost all his land to the landlord. His age enabled him little towards manuallabour and so begging was the only alternative to salvage his wife and children.Every morning, he went door to door for some work, food or money. The kindnessof people always got him enough to take home. But Raman was a little self-centered. His World began with him first, followed by his family and the rest. So,he would eat and drink to his delight and ret urn home with whatever he foundexcess. This routine followed and he never let anyone discover his interests as healways put on a long face, when he reached home.

One day as he was relising the bowl of rice he had just received from ahumble home, he heard that Rani Matsya was to pass from the very place he wasstanding. Her g enerosity had reached his ears and he knew if he pulled a long faceand showed how poor he was, she would hand him a bag full of gold coins –enough for the rest of his life, enough to buy food and supplies for his family. Hethought he could keep some coins for himself and only reveal a few to his wife, sohe can fulfil his own wishes.

He ran to the chariot of the Rani and begged her soldiers to allow him tospeak to the queen. Listening to the arguments outside Rani Matsya opened thecurtains of her chariot and asked Raman what he wanted. Raman went on his kneesand praised the queen. I have heard you are most generous and most chaste, showthis beggar some charity. Rani narrowed her brows and asked Raman what he couldgive her in return, surprised by such a question, Raman looked at his bowl full ofrice. With spite in him he just pricked up a few grains of rice and gave it to thequeen. Rani Matsya counted the 5 grains and looked at his bowl full of rice andsaid, you shall be given what is due to you. Saying this, the chariot galloped away.

Raman abused her under his breath. This he never thought would happen.How could she ask him for something in return, when she hadn’t given himanything? Irked with anger he stormed home and gave his wife the bowl of rice.Just then he saw a sack at the entrance. His wife said men had come and kept it


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there. He opened it to find it full of rice. He put his hand inside and caught hold of ahard mental only to discover it was a gold coin. Elated he upturned the sack to find5 gold coins in exact for the five rice grains. If only I had given my entire bowl,thought Raman, I would have had a sack full of gold.

29. According to the passage, which of the following is definitely true aboutRani Matsya?A. She was beautiful.B. She was intelligent.C. She was kind.a) Only A b) Only B c) Only Cd) A and B e) All the three

30. What does the phrase ‘pulled a long face’ as used in the passage mean?a) Scratched his faceb) Looked very sorrowfulc) Disguised himselfd) Put on makeupe) None of these

31. What can possibly be the moral of the story?a) Do onto others as you would want others to do to youb) Patience is a virtuec) Winning is not everything, it is the journey that countsd) Change is the only constant thing in lifee) Teamwork is more we and less me

32. Why was begging the only option for Raman to get food?a) As Raman belonged to a family of beggarsb) As begging was the easiest way for him to obtain foodc) As Raman’s family had forced him to begd) As he had lost all his property and was too old to do manual worke) None of these

33. Which of the following words can be used to describe Raman?A. DeceitfulB. SelfishC. Timida) Only A b) Only B c) A and Bd) B and C e) All the three

34. What did Raman find after he returned home from his meeting with RaniMatsya?a) The Rani’s soldiersb) An empty house


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c) The five grains of rice that he had given to Rani Matsyad) A sack full of rice and five gold coinse) None of these

Directions (Q. 35-36) Choose the word/group of words which is most similar inmeaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.

35. Gallopeda) Hurtled b) Stumbled c) Slumberedd) Jumped e) Ran

36. Revereda) Remembered b) Feared c) Talked aboutd) Embraced e) Respected

Directions (Q. 37-38) Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite inmeaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.

37. Reveala) Stop b) Conceal c) Presentd) Pending e) Tell

38. Elateda) Afraid b) Poor c) Happyd) Depressed e) Grounded


Rahul a young householder, used to study the scriptures everyday under aguru. One day the guru was explaining the following passage from the Upanishads.

“No husband is loved by his wife for his own sake but it is all for the sakeof the self ____ No sons are lov ed by their fathers for their sake but it is all for thesake of the self that the sons become dear to him.”

At that stage, Rahul intervened and said, “Sir, in my case, both my parentsand my wife love me so dearly for my own sake that if I am delayed by a fewminutes in reach ing home they get highly agitated and if something happens to methey will die.” Guruji said, “You shall learn the truth of it tomorrow, when you seethe result of a test I am going to h old. Before going to bed tonight, you mustswallow this herbal powder. As a result, you will lie as if dead tomorrow morning,but you will be able to hear all that is spoken in your presence. After a few hours,when the effect of this medicine wears off, you will become normal and get up. Youwill see the fun.”

Rahul did as instructed and in the morning his wife and parents found him‘dead’-lying motionless without any pulse or heartbeat. The guruji asked for a jarfull of water and said, “I shall draw out all the bad destiny responsible for yhour


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son’s death into this water. One of you will have to drink this water. The one whodrinks will die immediately, while Rahul will be restored to life. Tell me whoamong you is prepared to die for him?

Both the parents refused saying, “we are old and, helping each othermutually. If one dies, the other will not have anybody to help. So our drinking thewater is out of question.” Rahul’s young wife also said, “I am very young and havenot seen anything of this world yet. When such old people, who have seen life in itsfulness, do not want to die how can you expect me to volunteer for death?

A brighter idea flashed into the mind if the fat her who told the guruji, “Sir,you are a reunciate and have no relatives to mourn your death. Why don’t you drinkthe water yourself? We will conduct your funeral in a grand manner.”

39. The contents of the passage prove thata) What the Upanishad states appears to be trueb) Rahul’s initial understanding about his family members was truec) The guru did not have any miraculous powerd) The guru did not have thorough knowledge of scripturese) None of these

40. After experimenting as per the guru’s plan, Rahul realised thata) His parents would do anything for his sakeb) His wife would readily sacrifice for his welfarec) The guru’s prediction had proved to be wrongd) One loves oneself more than one loves anyone elsee) None of these

41. What according to the passage, was the essence of the Upanishad passage?a) Sons are loved by their fathers for the sake of themselvesb) Relatives are dear to us because we love themc) Most human beings are not selfishd) Every person’s actions are to gratify himself or herselfe) None of these

42. The guru wanted a jar of water toa) Drink from as he was very thirstyb) Extract the bad elements responsible for Rahul’s deathc) Give it to Rahul’s parents to drink fromd) Sprinkle it on Rahul’s dead body to bring him to lifee) None of these

43. Which of the following was proposed by Rahul’s father to the guru?a) He may be given the enchanted water to drinkb) Rahul’s wife was the most appropriate person to drink the magical waterc) Rahul be brought back to life without the death of anybody elsed) The guru himself should participate in Rahul’s grand funerale) None of these


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Directions: (Q. 44-46) Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of theword given in bold as used in the passage.

44. Refuseda) Denied b) Accepted c) Declinedd) Defused e) Accomplished

45. Brighta) Vivid b) Dark c) Dazzlingd) Shadow e) Stupid

46. Agitateda) Roused b) Troubled c) Excitedd) Claim e) Angered

Directions (Q. 47-48) Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaningof the word given in bold as used in the passage.

47. Appriseda) Respected b) Valued c) Assessedd) Shown e) Informed

48. Entreateda) Respected b) Implored c) Desiredd) Commanded e) Managed


“Uncle” said Luke to the old Sean, “You seem to be well fed, though Iknow no one looks after you. Nor have I seen you leave your residence at any time.Tell me how do you manage it?”

“Because” Sean replied, “I have a good feed every night at the emperor’sorchard. After dark, I go there myself and pick out enough fruits to last a fortnight.”

Luke proposed to accompany his uncle to the orchard. Though reluctantbecause of Luke’s habit of euphoric exhibition of extreme excitement, Sean agreedto take him along.

At the orchard while Sean hurriedly collected the fruits and left, Luke onthe other hand at the sight of unlimited supply of fruits was excited and lifted hisvoice which brought ecmperor’s men immediately to his side. They seized him andmistook him as the sole cause of damage to the orchard. Although Luke reiteratedthat he was a bird of passage, they pounded him mercilessly before setting himfree.

49. How did old Sean manage to meet his food requirements?


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a) By buying food from the marketb) His nephew Luke took care of his requirementsc) Luke brought fruits from the emperor’s orchard for Seand) He picked up fruits from the emperor’s orcharde) The emperor provided him with ample supply of fruits

50. Which of the following is not true in the context of the passage?a) Sean was a poor and suffering manb) Luke came to know about the orchard from his unclec) Sean initially hesitated to take his nephew alongd) Luke as finally set freee) Both Sean and Luke collected fruits from Emperor’s orchard

51. Why was Sean reluctant to take Luke along?a) Becausre he was a selfish manb) He feared that Luke’s reaction may alert the Emperor’s menc) Because Luke could harm himd) He wanted to bring fruits for Luke himselfe) He knew Luke was a greedy person

52. How often did Sean visit the emperor’s orchard?a) Dailyb) Once a monthc) In a period of two weeksd) Never, his nephew Luke brought fruits for hime) Everyday during midnight

53. Luke remitted behind at the orchard because hea) Was greedy and wanted to collect more fruitsb) Waited for the Emperor’s men to arrest himc) Lost his composure and started expressing his feelings loudlyd) Had waited for his uncle to returne) Could not move in the dark

Directions (Q. 54-56) Choose the word/phrase which is most nearly the same inmeaning of the word printed in bold as used in the passage.

54. Reiterateda) Pleaded b) Regurgitated c) Protestedd) Repeated e) Recapitulated

55. Extremea) End b) High c) Severed) Serious e) Moderate

56. Reluctant


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a) Disinclined b) Opposed c) Againstd) Resistant e) None of these

Directions (Q. 57-58) Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of theword printed in bold as used in the passage.

57. Poundeda) Weighed b) Released c) Paidd) Attended e) Caressed

58. Mercilesslya) Calmly b) Compassionately c) Mildlyd) Forgivably e) Sympathetically


The King of Kanchi set off to conquer Kamat. He was victorious in battle.The elephants were laden with sandalwood, ivory gold and precious stones, takenfrom the conquered kingdom of Kamat. They would be a part of the victory paradefor his sujbjects. On his way back home he stopped at a temple, finished his prayersto the goddess and turned to leave. Around his neck, was a garland of scarlethibiscus and as was the custom for all, his forehead was anointed with red sandalpaste. His Minister and the court jester were his only companions. At one spot, in amango grove by the wayside, they spied some children play. The King said, “Letme go and see what they are playing.”

The children had lined up two ros of clay dolls and were playing warriorsand battles. The king asked, “Who is fighting with whom?” They said, “Kamat is atbattle with Kanchi.” The king asked, “who is winning and who is the loser?” Thechildren puffed their chests up and said, “Kamat will win and Kanchi will lose.”The Minister froze in disbelief, the King was furious and the juester burst intolaughter.

The King was soon joined by his troops and the children were stillimmersed in their game. The King commanded, “Cane them hard.” The children’sparents came running from the nearby village and said, “They are naïve, it was justa game, please grant them pardon.” The King called his commander and ordred,“Teach these children and the village a slesson so that they never forget the king ofKanchi.” He went back to his camp.

That evening the commander stood before the King. He bowed low inshame and said, “Your Majesty, with the exception of hyenas and vultures, all liesilent in the village.” The Minister said, “His Majesty’s honour has been saved.”The priest said, “The goddess has blessed our King.” The jester said, “Yourhighness, please grant me leave to go now.” The King asked, “But why?” The jestersaid, “I cannot kill, I cannot maim, I can only laugh at God’s gift of life.” TremblingIn the face of the King’s anger he bravely continued, “If I stay in your Majesty’scourt, I shall become like you and I shall forget how to laugh.”


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59. Why were the elephants carrying loads of gold and other valuables?a) This was what the king had looted from Karnat to distribute among hissoldiers as a rewardb) This was the king’s offering to the deity out of gratitude for making himvictoriousc) It was what the king had plundered from Karnat to display to the peopleof his kingdom as a sign of victoryd) So that the people of the kingdom of Karnat acknowledged him as theirrew rulere) None of these

60. Why did the king anoint his head with red sandal paste?a) As a mark of celebration to show he had been victoriousb) It was the usual practice for all devotees at the templec) To show other devotees that he was kingd) To priest requested him to do soe) To show his soldiers that he had visited the temple

61. What excuse was given for the children’s behaviour?a) They were disobedient to their parent’s wishesb) They were unaware of the true facts of the battlec) They were upset that their army had lostd) They were in the habit of lyinge) None of these

62. Which of the following is true in the context of the passage?a) The king stopped at the temple to see what else could be plunderedb) The people of the village to which the children belonged developed greatrespect for the kingc) The commander was ashamed at having obeyed the king’s orders to canethe childrend) The jester was unhappy that the king had defeated the army of karnate) None of these

63. Why did the jester resign from his post?a) He felt that the king was too influenced by the Ministerb) To show that he disapproved of the king’s action of punishing thechildrenc) He did not want to accompany the king on his war campaignd) He was no longer able to make the king laughe) None of these

64. Why was the king angry with the children?a) Because the game they were playing was dangerousb) They had lied him


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c) They did not recognize him as kingd) They had unknowingly insulted hime) They were rude to him

Directions (Q. 65-67) Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaningas the word printed in bold as used in the passage.

65. Frozea) Cold b) Numb c) Shiveredd) Stood still e) Chill

66. Leavea) Holiday b) Transfer c) Exitd) Permission e) Farewell

67. Spieda) Noticed b) Keep watch c) Followedd) Spot e) Caught

Directions (Q. 68-69) Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of theword printed in bold as used in the passage.

68. Immersed ina) Safe from b) Distracted from c) Boringd) Drowning in e) Entertained by

69. Pardona) Punishment b) Excuse c) Convictd) Intolerance e) Imprison

Directions (Q. 70-77) Read the passage carefully and answer the questionsgiven below it. Certain words/phrases are given in bold to help you locate themwhile answering some of the questions.

Various measures have been deployed to combat food inflation. Subsidieson food and fertilisers, imports of food as well as regulations to prevent hoardingfarm produce did succeed in stabilising prices from time to time. But such crisismanagement has been able to provide only short lived relief, and prices have goneup from 2007.

Bringing down food inflation will benefit the consumer, but make pricesunattractive to farmers. This will accentuate poverty. Unremunerative pricesdiscourage investments in agriculture, causing supply side shortages, fuelinginflation further. So, the most effective way of prices, ploughing a larger share ofthe consumer spend back to the farmer.

First we need to lower transaction costs. The Agricultural Produce MarketCommittee Acts mandate all farm produce should be brought to mandis for farmer


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pays to transport his produce over loing distances, before knowing the price atwhich his produce would be sold, or whether any other market would have paid abetter price.

The journey from farm to consumer involves multiple levels oftransportation, handling expenses, commissions of agents and a mandi cess, addingnearly 20% cost to food prices. This absurdity was acknowledged years ago, and anew Model APMC Act recommended by the Centre in 2003.

This Model Act must be implemented in all states. Unless farmers have thefreedom to sell at farm-gate or other transparent platforms directly to buyers,transaction costs will remain high and drive consumer prices higher. Next, we needto cut wastage. Anywhere from, 5% to 40% of food is wasted along the chain,depending on the perishability of the crop and the season. First, market instrumentsmust empower farmers to produce as per tommorrow’s demand, rather than beguided by yesterdat’s prices.

If the Forward Contracts Regulation Act is amended to permit trading inoptions, farmers are assured of a minimum price when sowing, based on futureprojections simulated by a market consensus. This will align production volumes tofuture demand conditions and minimise wastage.

70. What has been the overall effect of the various measures taken to combatfood inflation?a) Such measures have successfully stablisied prices of food items for alonger periodb) Such measures have proved ineffective in the long run, and the priceshave gone up.c) Such measures could provide only a short lived reliefd) Only b) and c)

71. What prompted the Centre to bring about a new Model APMC Act? Selectthe most appropriate option.a) The earlier version of the APMC Act forced the farmers to bear hugetransportation costb) The APMC Act provided that every farmer had to sell his produce onlyin man di and that also through agents.c) APMC Act was not acceptable to farmers, and on several occasions theyhad expressed their resentment against the said Act.d) The APMC Act could not provide relief to farmers, rather it led the foodprices to costlier by 20%.

72. Which of the following statements is contrary to the facts mentioned in thegiven passage?a) Unremunerative prices discourage investment in agriculture resultinginto supply side shortageb) To contain food inflation the consumer prices should be lowered.c) Market instruments must empower farmers to produce as per yesterday’sdemand.


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d) The new Model of APMC Act was recommended by the centre to lowerthe transaction cost.

73. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Absurditya) Logic b) Wisdom c) Follyd) Seriousness e) None of these

74. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Virtuala) Real b) Practical c) Authenticd) Actual e) None of these

75. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Simulateda) Unexpected b) Classified c) Deliveredd) Imitated e) None of these

76. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning of theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Accentuatea) Alleviate b) Increase c) Accentuated) Highlight e) None of these

77. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning of theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passageFuelinga) Inciting b) Lessening c) Inflamingd) Sustaining e) None of these


India’s external debt profile appears similar to that of other major marketeconomies. But its short term external debt stock is now higher than countries suchas Brazil and Russia (in terms of percentage of GDP), according to Taimur Baig andKaushik Datta, economists at Deutsche Bank. India’s share of short term debtrelative to the stock of total external debt is also higher than other emerging marketeconomies, with the exception of Turkey, they say.

Though short term debt was contained in FY 14, it was largely due to aslowdown in imports and may again rise once there is a rebound in growth andimports pick up. Some economists point out that since GDP is expressed in dollar


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terms, a weak rupee translates into a lower GDP number and hence, a lower ratiocould be misleading.

However, the composition of long term debt which is reckoned to bedurable and ‘safe’ is also worrisome. While the share of almost risk free sovereign,multilateral and bilateral credit has reduced significantly over the years, it is privatecorporate sector debt and ‘retail’ component in terms of NRI deposits that hasswelled over the years. Proceeds from the FCNR (B) swap and overseas borrowingschemes were, in fact, the main contributors to the $31.2 bn increase in externaldebt in FY 14, which were facilitated by the Reserve Bank to stabilise the Indiancurrency.

“NRI deposits do not pose material risks (as they are generally rolled over).But the increase in the share of external commercial borrowings exposes thedomestic corporate sector significantly to external shocks, including adverseexchange rate movements,” says Samiran Chakrabarty, Chief India Economist,Standard Ch artered Bank. Every year about $20 bn is scheduled for repayment. Theamount may not seem alarming, but the risk arises if there is a global liquiditysqueeze.

The recent trouble in Iraq has added another dimension to external sectorwoes, which is that the reduction in trade deficit in FY 14 may reverse again.“Already struggling with a record low growth, high inflation, a weak currency, lowmanufacturing growth and possibility of sub-normal monsoon, the threat of oilsupply shock and the resultant increase in prices add to the risks faced by thecountry, which could hamper India’s envisaged improvement in economic growthin FY 15,” say Madan Sabnavis and Kavita Chacko of Care Ratings. If crude pricerisks persist, the current account deficit, which was contained in 2013-14, coulddeteriorate further and also add to pressure on the rupee. Care Ratings has projecteda CAD for the year at 2.5% of GDP, assuming stable crude oil prices and a recovery in industrial production. Higher persistent crude prices would upset thiscalculation.

78. Which of the following statements is contrary to the facts mentioned in thegiven passage?a) In FY 14, short term debt was contained due to slowdown in imports.b) Short term debt is directly proportional to t he quantum of imports.c) A weak rupee translates into a lower GDP numberd) Private corporate sector debt has decreased over the years

79. What is/are the reasons of the author being apprehensive about India’simprovement in economic growth in FY 15?a) The recent Iraq crisis may lead to reduction in trade deficit in the currentfinancial yearb) The possibility of sub-normal monsoonc) High inflation and low manufacturing growthd) All of the above


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80. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Containeda) Neglected b) Accomodated c) Controlledd) Excluded e) None of these

81. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Reckoneda) Nullified b) Abandoned c) Startedd) Considered e) None of these

82. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Envisageda) Anticipated b) Amazed c) Doubtedd) Discarded e) None of these

83. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning of theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Proceedsa) Profit b) Outgo c) Incomed) Interests e) None of these

84. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning of theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Squeezea) Congestion b) Crunch c) Restraintd) Release e) None of these


The first budget of the new administration needed to focus on two keymacro problems – a path to fiscal consolidation and a clear signal for structuralreforms – to boost the long run growth trajectory of the economy. The budgetdelivers on both counts.

On the fiscal deficit, the new government has continued from where theprevious administration left in laying out a path and a commitmen to reducing thedeficit to 3% of GDP by FY 17. On the structural reform path, there was a clearfocus on boosting labour intensive manufacturing and growth.

The excise duty cuts for food processing and footwear industries, creationof SEZs, single window clearance, tax deductions for investments, reforms to theApprenticeship Act and Rs.10,000 Crore as venture capital for SMEs were all smallsteps in that direction. While the fiscal path is admirable, it also may be too


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aggressive. It may be difficult to get a 20% increase in tax revenues in a year whengrowth is likely to remain below 6%.

The assumption of service tax revenues growing by 40% may be a tadoptimistic. Further, the 3G telecom privatisation proceeds of Rs.45,000 Crore alsolook ambitious. To achieve the government’s medium term targets will not be easy.First, we would have preferred a more realistic and gradual approach toconsolidation. Taking an extra year to reach the 3% deficit target (i.e. by FY 18instead of FY 17) might be more realistic, and would not compromise macrostability. Second, there is an urgent need for a return to fiscal rules and the FRBMAct, with due sanctions, as the Economic Survey argues. Without it, and despite themedium term path laid out in the budget, there may be an incentive to pause onfiscal consolidation, as happened in FY 09 and was witnessed through FY 12.More than 80 countries follow some sort of a fiscal rule and have found them veryuseful in imposing fiscal descipline.

Third, if consolidation is based on increasing the tax base, then furthererosions could be avoided. In this regard, the increase in income tax exemptionlimits further reduces an already small tax base. Only 3% of Indians (35 mn) payincome tax compared with more than 20% of Chinese and over 45% of Americans.The strategy that China followed was to not raise I ncome tax thresholds with risingincomes to increase the base further. If the government consistently raises thethreshold limits, it would be difficult to expand the tax base.

Fourth, tax administration could be improved by having an independentrevenue service, with its own budget and autonomy in hiring staff. As thegovernment implements its revenue strategy, autonomy and reforms inadministration could be potentially very helpful.

Fifth, a road map for reducing subsidies, particularly the large fertilisersubsidy, can give greater credence to the consolidation path.

The budget marks a very good beginning in terms of signalling acommitment to fiscal discipline and structural regorms. While the strategy seems toimprove GDP growth and, thereby, reduce fiscal deficit through revenue byoyancy,such a strategy is fraught with risks.

We think that to meet the consolidation path requires a clear set of rules,measures to broadbase the tax system and a road map to reduce subsidies. Thisbudget lays out the overall vision.

85. Which of the following statements is not based on the facts mentioned inthe given passage?a) It will be difficult to get a 20% increase in income tax revenue if thegrowth remains below 6%.b) It will be difficult to achieve government’s medium term targets.c) The new government has committed to reducing the fiscal deficit to 3%of GDP by FY 17.d) Among India, China and America, the highest number of tax payers livein America.

86. What is being done by the government for structural reform?


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a) Special attention was paid on the growth of labour intensivemanufacturing.b) Excise duty cut for food processing and footwear industries was allowedc) SEZs are to be createdd) All of the above

87. What is/are the prerequisite(s) to meet the consolidation path? Give youranswer in the context of the given passage.a) More and more people should be brought under the net of income tax.b) A blue print should be prepared to reduce subsidies.c) An independent, autonomous body with an authority to inspect thefunctioning of income tax department should be brought into existence.d) Only a) and b)

88. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Erosiona) Destruction b) Deterioration c) Strengtheningd) Consumption

89. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Buoyancya) Elasticity b) Snap c) Rigidityd) Feslience

90. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Fraughta) Empty b) Devoid c) Lackd) Abound

91. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning of theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Consistentlya) Steadily b) Customarily c) Neverd) Congruously

92. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning of theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Credencea) Distrust b) Assurance c) Beliefd) Credit


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The RBI orders a moratorium when a bank’s financial stability isthreatened. Depositors face some restrictions on withdrawing money from theiraccounts during this period. Currently the restriction is confined to prematurewithdrawl of FDs in case of Kapol Bank. Customers can still withdraw money fromtheir savings and current accounts. However, the Bhanking Regulation Act hasprovisions for relief to customers facing a financial emergency. “Banks’administrative board can approach the RBI with a plea for relaxing the withdrawallimits in case of account holders such as those who have saved or deposited moneyfor their medical treatment or educational purpose and pensioners,” says VNKulkarni, chief credit counsellor with the Bank of India backed Abhay CreditCounselling Centre.

Since one cannot do much after the bank gets into trouble or the RBI comesinto the picture, it would be wise to take some precautions. “Depositors need to beselective not only in choosing the bank, but also in depositing the amount usingdifferent combinations,” says Kulkarni. For instance, you can maintain the firstdeposit in your name, held jointly with your spouse or children. Similarly, thesecond joint FD could be created with your wife as the first holder. This will helpyou benefit from the deposit insurance cover extended to retail depositors.

Currently, deposits are insured upto Rs.1 Lakh per bank, and not per branchof the same bank. You can also look at maintaining FDs in more than one bank tospread out the risk.

However, this may not be feasible for some individuals. For instance, aretiree who wishes to invest her huge retirement corpus in FDs. “It is not feasible tosplit a huge amount of, say, Rs.50 Lakh into 50 deposits with different banks.Senior citizens have to strike a balance between convenience, risks and higherreturns that some of the smaller banks offer,” says Suresh Sadagopan, certifiedfinancial planner and founder, Ladder. Financial Advisories. He recommendsdiversification by investing in fixed income options like company FDs, non-convertible debentures as also more secure alternatives such as tax free bonds andsenior citizens savings scheme, which offers an interest rate of 9.2%. You must alsoevaluate the bank’s credentials carefully before parking your money in it. “Whileselecting the bank, you need to ascertain its gross NPAs. It should be not higherthan 5%. Similarly, ensure that your bank has adequate capital as prescribed by theregulators,” says Kulkarni. “That is, minimum 9% of risk-weighted assets, and atleast 12%, in case of cooperative banks.” You will find this information in thebalance sheets of banks.

93. Which of the following is not definitely true with respect to Kapol Bank?a) It is a private sector bankb) At present, premature withdrawal of FD cannot be allowed.c) Customers of this bank have been allowed withdrawal of money fromtheir CASA.


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d) There are no restrictions on withdrawal except of premature fixeddeposits.

94. Find the statement which is not based on the facts mentioned in the passage.a) Under certain circumstances, account holders facing financial emergencycan be allowed withdrawal of moiney beyond withdrawal limit as per theprovisions laid down in the Banking Regulation Act.b) When the bank gets into trouble it is better for a depositor to be selectivein both ch oosing the bank and depositing the amount using differentcombinations.c) When the financial stability of a bank is at stake the central bank ordres amoratoriumd) The central bank has ordered a moratorium on Kapol Bank.

95. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the word printed inbold as used in the passage.Parkinga) Removing b) Depositing c) Stoppingd) Walking

96. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the word printed inbold as used in the passage.Picturea) Scene b) Mainstream c) Portraitd) Role

97. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the word printed inbold as used in the passage.Diversificationa) Variegation b) Homogenous c) Allocationd) Division

98. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning of theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Threateneda) Warned b) Jeopardised c) Ensuredd) Exposed

99. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning of theword/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Strikea) Maintain b) Hit c) Knockd) Smack


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India’s banking sector may be getting ready for a wave of consolidation asthe country tries to build institutions of world class proportions. Four big state runbanks – State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of Baroda and Bank ofIndia – have already begun on exercise to identify takeover targets to gain access tofranchises that would augment their capabilities, said three top bankers familiarwith the move. The top managements of the four banks are in the process ofpreparing a blueprint that would explain the rationale for absorbing one or twoentities, said the people cited above, none of whom wanted to be named. Employeesat these state run banks are engaged in the exercise after Finance Minister ArunJaitley gave the lenders the go-ahead to decide how they would strategiese toremain relevant in the emerging economic scenario.

“We are hearing from the corridors of finance ministry that there isseriousness on consolidation of banks,” said an executive from one of the top fourbanks. “The sense we are getting is that first there could be merger of at least oneSBI associate bank with SBI to kick off the consolidation process.” Although nonames of likely acquisition targets are being discussed at these four banks, the keyconditions for a smaller bank will be regional, technological and culturaladvantages. For instance, a bank such as Bank of Baroda, which does not have apresence in the East, may prefer one from that part of the country. State run bankshave weakened over the years as governments have treated them as an organ of theadministration and used them to push their social agenda. Meanwhile, lenders inneighbouring China have acquired scale while those in India are puny bycomparison, giving them little clout in global markets.

The economic downturn, with growth having almost halved from the peak,has exposed the fault lines in the system. The parlous financial position of thegovernment has left banks capital starved - the allocation for this year is tinycompared with the amount needed to meet Basel III standards. And, to accesscapital from the market, the state run banks need a strategy to turn more profitable.Currently, they are labouring under bad debt on account of companies finding itdifficult to repay loans because of the slump.

“Government has made it clear that they will not give any capital,” said oneof the bankers. “Banks that have the capital and the capability to raise capital couldlook at acquisitions,” he said, while adding “Nothing has reached the drawingboard. Banks are only doing all kinds of permutations and combinations.”

To be sure, state run bank consolidation has been discussed for nearly adecade, but little progress has been made, except for shotgun weddings that wereaimed at rescuing ventures in poor shape. Inertia among banks, cultural issues andfears of trade union unrest held up any such move. That may now change with thenew government.

“There have been some suggestions for consolidation of public sectorbanks,” Jaitley said in his July 10 Budget speech. “Government, in principle, agressto consider these suggestions.”


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A committee set up by the Reserve Bank of India under former Axis BankChairman P.J. Nayak had suggested that the health of state run banks was poor. Tostrengthen them, the report said it would be better “either to privatise these banksand allow their future solvency to be subject to market competition, includingthrough mergers; or to design a radically new governance structure for these bankswhich would better ensure their ability to compete successfully, in order thatrepeated claims for capital support from the government, unconnected with marketreturns, are avoided.”

The market share of the public sector banks is forecast to decline from 80%in 2000 to just over 60% in 2025, Nayak had said. They stack up poorly in manyrespects against non-state institutions. For instance, net profit per employee at thenew private sector banks was about four tiems that of the SBI Group in the yearended March 2013.

100. Which of the following is not true in the context of the passage?a) Four big state run banks have begun to identify takeover targets.b) The finance minister has given free hand to state run banks to make theirown strategy for banking business.c) The four big state run banks have already decided the names of somesmall banks likely to be taken overd) According to PJ Nayak Committee report, the state run banks were notperforming well.

101. Why have banks turned capital starved? Answer in the context ofthe passage?a) Because of excessive loans santioned to malafide customersb) Because of bad monetary policy of the RBIc) Because of the excessive payments towards government sponsoredschemes without appropriate provision for themd) Because of the dangerous financial position of the government

102. Which of the following is possibly the most appropriate title for thepassage?a) Policy Paralysis of the Central Governmentb) The Economic Downturnc) Union Budget 2014: A Reviewd) Consolidation of Banks

103. Which of the following statements regarding the consolidation ofstate run banks is/are true? Answer in the context of the passage.a) Efforts for consolidation of state run banks are on for past one decade butnothing remarkable has come out as yet.b) The consolidation of state run banks is a complex task and it will takesome more years for its completion.c) Banks are doing all kinds of permutations and combinations but theresult is cipher.


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d) Only a) and b)

104. What does the phrase ‘kick off’ mean as used in the passage?a) Discontinue b) Breakdown c) Smashd) Begin

105. Under the current scenarioi what do state run banks need to do toaccess capital from the market?a) They need to float public sharesb) They need a strategy to earn more profitc) They should increase lending rate to attract depositors.d) They should announce handsome returns to depositors.

106. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Acquisitiona) Redemption b) Forfeit c) Possessiond) Dearth

107. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Parlousa) Harmful b) Strong c) Criticald) Powerful

108. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Inertiaa) Inactivity b) Liveliness c) Awakeningd) Interest

109. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Solvencya) Destitution b) Depriviation c) Impotencyd) Financial competence

110. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite inmeaning of the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Punya) Trivial b) Strong c) Inferiord) Tiny

111. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite inmeaning of the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Augment


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a) Reinforce b) Strengthen c) Magnifyd) Multiply

Directions (Q. 112-120) Read the passage carefully and answer the given belowit. Certain words /phrases are given in bold to help you locate them whileanswering some of the questions.

Sanjaya Baru’s book has been perceived as an attack on PM ManmohanSingh by a disgruntled employee who was denied a job by the Prime Minister in hissecond term. This is a completely wrong reading of the book. It is, in fact, a defenceof Manmohan by a member of his fan club. Fortunately, it is not a fawninghagiography. It is straightforward and gossipy, but not excessively so. It is animportant contribution to contemporary Indian history; it can also be read as a textbook for those who wish to understand how politics and administration actuallywork in India of our times. Like the Crossman Diaries in Britain in earlier times andlike Duty by Robert Gates in the US in recent times, it throws light on contingenciesand counterfactuals.

Future historians may see inevitable and inexorable patterns in the waythings have unfolded in India in the last decade. Baru’s book will be a source thatwill help the historian focus with some humility on issues of choice and chance.

Baru was recruited by Manmohan and worked with him closely as MediaAdviser, Baru is a loyal defender of his boss. Contrary to the popular perception ofManmohan being dour or politically clumsy, Baru makes the case that theeconomist turned politician is, in fact, a clever and sophisticated operator.Manmohan’s excellent relationship with wily and experienced politicians likeSharad Pawar, Karunanidhi, Lalu Prasad, Harkishen Surjeet, Jyoti Basu and evenVajpayee and Jaswant Singh would not have been possible if he had been naïve orweak. On issues which mattered to Manmohan like Free Trade Agreements or theNuclear Accord, he can be a cool and consummate political operator. But he doeshave his blind spots. Whether it is because he has a lifelong commitment to civilservice traditions that one department must not intrude on the turf of anotherdepartment, or it is out of a conviction that party politics is not his forte, or forwhatever unmentioned reason, Manmohan has kept himself severely andcompletely away from the Congress Party. Perhaps, Manmohan felt that his ownpolitical guru, Narasimha Rao, paid a price for intruding into areas where both foolsand angels should fear to tread. The net result was that Man mohan had less supportfrom his own party leaders and, in Baru’s opinion, that proved very costly for our“accidental Prime Minister”.

There are some self-serving bits in this memoir. Manmohan’s performancein UPA-1 is portrayed as outstanding. After all, Baru was with him most of thattime, was he not? And some of the achievements of that time seem to have a greaterBaru imprint than what other observers might concede. And virtually all theproblems of Manmohan seem to have coincided with UPA-2 when Baru was nolonger around! Neverthless, Baru’s professionalism and better nature does assertitself almost everywhere in the book. He gives himself far less credit than otherswho have written similar books tend to do. He is lucid enough to concede that in


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economic matters, effects are preceded by causes with some lags. The good times ofUPA-1 were not merely because the global economy was strong, but becauseManmohan inherited a good legacy from Vajapayee. The roots of many of theproblems in UPA-2 were the results of sins of profligacy committed during UPA-1when economic growth was not only taken for granted, but treated with somecontempt by the elitist do-gooders of the National Advisory Council, which couldhave been a source of anodyne amusement, if so many of its actions had not endedup being dangerous, even disastrous for the country.

112. Which of the following, according to the author, is true aboutSanjaya Baru’s book?a) It is a book intended to attack the former PM Manmohan Singhb) It is a fawning hagiographyc) It is straightforward and excessively gossipyd) It is a book which throws light on contingencies and counterfactuals ofIndian politics

113. Which of the following statements is contrary to the facts mentinedin the given passage?a) Narasimha Rao was the political guru of Manmohan Singhb) As per civil service traditions, one department must not intrude on theturf of another departmentc) Manmohan Singh kept himself severely and completely away from theCongress Party.d) None of these

114. Which of the following facts supports the view that Manmohan wasneither a naïve nor a weak Prime Minister?a) During his regime the nuclear deal was signed, which is one of mostimportant achievementsb) He had a very good relationship with wily and experienced politiciansc) Manmohan Singh preferred to keep mum than to indulge intocontroversyd) He was aware of the fact that party politics is not his forte and hence hekept himself away from active politics.

115. Why, according to Baru, was Manmohan’s performance in UPA-1outstanding?a) Because Baru was with him most of the timeb) Because the Congress Party had done a lot of good work to alleviatepovertyc) Because the global economy was strong and Manmohan Singh hadinherited a good legacy from Vajpayee.d) Because UPA-2 was full of scams


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116. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaningto the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Intrudea) Associate b) Interfere c) Leaved) Combine

117. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaningto the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Profligacya) Fraglity b) Restraint c) Lackingd) Recklessness

118. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaningto the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Anodynea) Soother b) Upsetting c) Excitatived) Agitating

119. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite inmeaning of the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Inexorablea) Harsh b) Dogged c) Flexibled) Relentless

120. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite inmeaning of the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Concedea) Allow b) Accord c) Acknowledged) Reject


Since 1947, Indians have not spoken out so strongly and clearly for acompletely new brand of people running government. Mercifully, there are noministers educated abroad. Thankfully, none of them has been brainwashed atHarvard, Stanford, Cambridge, the World bank or the IMF, subtly forcing expensiveWestern solutions on typically Indian problems at the cost of the poor. Look whatthe high powered, foreign returned degree wallahs have reduced this country to.They wasted opportunities to show the inner strength of what is essentially Indianbecause they never really knew their own people living in Bharat. In the eyes of theWorld, we have lost our self-respect, dignity and identity.

All the ministers now have gone through average government schools.Some have never been to college. Many have experienced poverty, exploitation,injustice and discrimination at some point of time in their lives. It is truly the first


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barefoot government ever to be voted into power in independent India. Where elsein the World would you have a one time tea seller on a railway station becomingPrime Minister, shaping the destiny of more than one billion people?

The first example the Modi government must set is by drastically reducingthe perks and privileges of MPs. Free power, food, housing, travel to those whosepersonal assets run into crores and a Rs.2 Crore annual fund for development forover 500 MPs is costing the exchequer nearly Rs.2000 Crore. Only the PrimeMinister will be able to make it happen and, at the same time, stifle any dissentfrom BJP MPs. The time is now.

No other government in the World has a Class 12 pass woman ministersspeaking as an equal to almost 120 heavily qualified, on paper, vice chancellors (90% male). Today, as we judge them, the VCs are all to intellectually and morallyfatigued. There is something dreadfully wrong with an education system thatproduces graduates from even private, expensive, snobbish schools and collegeswho are still prejudiced about caste, class, religion, sex and colour. These“graduates”, who roam the streets of small towns and cities by the thousands, callthemselves “educated”, practise the worst forms of cruelty, slavery and crimesagainst humanity, against society and in their own families. Indeed, some of themrose to the level of their incompetence by becoming ministers in previousgovernments, reinforcing the status quo, wasting vast public resources byimplementing silly Western ideas, listening to foreign returned “experts” andmaking a hopeless mess of this country. The tragedy is that they cannot see thecolossal damage they have done to the very fabric of this country.

121. What is/are true about the ministers of the new government formedat the Centre?a) Some of them are ghighly qualified and foreign degree holders.b) Only a few of them are t he products of average government schools.c) There are so me ministers who have never been to college.d) Our Prime Minister is a postgraduate in Political Science.

122. Which of the following is not one of the characteristics of theministers of the last government at the Centre?a) Some of the ministers of the last government at the Centre were educatedabroad.b) The ministers of the last government were brainwashed at foreignuniversities to suggest Western solutions for Indian problems.c) The Western degree holder ministers coming from the elite class neverknew their own people living in Bharat.d) Though the ministers of the last government were Western educated yetthey had great concern about the gripping problems of India

123. Which of the following statements is based on the facts mentionedin the passage?a) The present government aims at reducing the perks and privileges ofMLAs.


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b) There is something wrong with those educational institutions thatprodujce graduates who remain prejudiced about caste, class and genderc) The elitist education policy has still managed to make students humbleand sensitive towards humanity.d) None of the present ministers has gone through poverty, injustice,exploitation and discrimination

124. What is the perception about India in the eyes of the World?a) That India is a developing nationb) That we don’t have self respect, dignity and identityc) That India is still a c ountry of snake charmersd) That India is an educationally backward nation

125. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaningto the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Destinya) Objective b) Prospect c) Futured) Concept

126. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaningto the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Perksa) Benefits b) Candy c) Lossd) Constraints

127. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaningto the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Fatigueda) Fresh b) Lively c) Exhaustedd) Vivacious

128. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite inmeaning of the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Dissenta) Strife b) Marvellous c) Objectionsd) Approval

129. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite inmeaning of the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Snobbisha) Haughty b) Pompous c) Arrogantd) Humble

Directions (Q. 130-139) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words/expressions are given in bold in thepassage to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.


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“My God, it speaks” uttered the Emperor of Brazil and the receivr of theTelephone slipped from his hand and banged around. At the other end AlexanderGraham Bell was still on line.

This incident goes back to 1876 when at an exhibition in Philadelphia,Alexander Graham Bell was giving a demonstration of his new invention. Thisstrange instrument known as Telephone was to revolutionize life in the years tocome.

Bell was born at Edinborough, Scotland. He was a teacher and, wasdedicated to the noble cause of teaching the deaf and the dumb. Due to a severeillness, Bell was sent to Canada in 1870, where too he got engaged in helping thedumb deaf to hear and speak. Thereafter, he shifted to the USA but continuted withhis work by opening a school f or deaf to hear and dumb.

Bell was fond of scientific inventions and was ever engaged in makingsome machines in his spare time. While at Boston, he tried to communicate throughmetal wire. His companion in this work was Watson. One day while experimentingwith this instrument, Bell spoke to Watson standing at a distance. Watson was takenby a pleasant surprise as he had heard Bell clearly through his instrument. Theinstrument was a success and Bell patented it.

Graham Bell had some sterling qualities of head and heart. Apart frombeing as artist, he was a kind human being, ready to help the needy. He establishedan institution for the deaf and dumb children. He died in 1922 in Canada. The entirenorthern America paid him a tribute by hanging up their telephones for a whileduring his funeral.

130. The teaching activity undertaken by Bell was considered ‘noble’particularly because …a) He was teaching the physically under privileged personsb) There was nobody else in the field of educationc) He was not accepting any salary of that jobd) He was a very famous scientist of his times

131. The words uttered by the Emperor of Brazil suggest that it wasextremelya) Angry b) Insulted c) Surprisedd) Agitated

132. What according to the passage was the contribution of invention oftelephone?a) Interaction between two persons at some distance was possibleb) Rich people were able to communicate with othersc) Graham Bell could converse with Watson regarding invention throughtelephoned) It revolutionized human life

133. Which of the following made Bell to invent telephone?


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a) His activity of teachingb) His service to the deaf and dumbc) He kept interest in scientific inventionsd) Encouragement received from Watson

134. Graham Bell made the telephone call of his invention to theEmperor from the city ofa) Edinborough b) Philadelphia c) Brazild) Boston

135. Bell had gone to Canada in 1870 fora) Treating a patient who was seiously illb) Helping the deaf and dumb children to hear and speakc) Undergoing medical treatment for himselfd) Devoting his full time to his invention

136. Choose the word or group of words which is most nearly the samein meaning as the word printed in bold?Revolutionizea) Affect adverselyb) Develop graduallyc) Illuminate completelyd) Change drastically

137. Choose the word or group of words which is most nearly the samein meaning as the word printed in bold?Dedicateda) Appointed b) Deployed c) Devotedd) Religious

138. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the wordprinted in bold.Continueda) Irregular b) Destroyed c) Reckonedd) Suspended

139. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the wordprinted in bold.Pleasanta) Admirable b) Disgusting c) Niced) Indecent

Directions (Q. 140-147) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words are printed in bold to help you tolocate them while answering some of the questions.


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The yearly festival was close at hand. The store room was packed with silkfabrics, gold ornaments, clay bowls full of sweet curd and platefuls of sweetmeats.The orders had been placed with shops well in advance. The mother was sendingout gifts to everyone.

The eldest son, a government servant, lived with his wife and children in faroff lands. The second son had left home at an early age. As a merchant he travelledall over the World. The other sons had split up over petty squabbles and they nowlived in homes of their own. The relatives were spread all across the World. Theyrarely visited. The youngest son, left in the company of a servant, was soon boredleft her and stood at the door all day long, waiting and watching. His mother,thrilled and excited, loaded the presents on trays and plates, covered them withcolourful kerchiefs, and sent them off with maids and servants. The neighbourslooked on.

The day came to an end. All the presents had been sent off.The child came back into the house and dejectedly said to his mother,

“Maa, you gave present to everyone, but you d idn’t give me anything!”His mother laughed, “I have given all the gifts away to everyone, now see

what’s left for you.” She kissed him on the forehead.The child said in a tearful voice. “Don’t get a gift?”“You’ll get it when you go far away.” “But when I am close to you, don’t I

get something from your own hands?”His mother reached out her arms and drew him to her “This is all I have in

my own hands. It is the most precious of all.”

140. Why did the woman’s second son travel?a) He was restless by natureb) He did not want to stay at homec) He was rich and could afford to traveld) His job was such that he had to travel

141. Why did the woman’s eldest son not attend the festival?a) He was not on good terms with his youngest brother who lived at homeb) He had quarrelled with his motherc) His wife did not allow him to return homed) None of these

142. Which of the following can be said about the woman?a) She was a widow who had brought up her children single handedlyb) She was not a good mother since her children had left home at an earlyagec) She enjoyed sending her family gifts at festival timed) She gave expensive presents to show that she was wealthy

143. What did the boy receive from his mother?a) She taught him the value of patienceb) She encouraged him to grow up and live independently like his brother


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c) She showed him the importance of giving expensive giftsd) She gave him a hug to express her love

144. Which of the following is true in the context of the passage?a) The woman usually ignored her youngest sonb) The woman’s eldest son lived abroadc) The members of the woman’s family did not care about herd) The woman made all the preparations herself since she did not want toburden the servants

145. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as theword printed in bold as used in the passage.Lefta) Gone b) Quit c) Remainingd) Disappeared

146. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as theword printed in bold as used in the passage.Packeda) Filled b) Squeezed c) Crowdd) Collected

147. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the word‘Dejectedly’ as used in the passage.a) Calmly b) Happily c) Willinglyd) Fortunately

Directions (Q. 148-156) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words/phrases are given in bold to help you tolocate them while answering some of the questions.

During Emperor Akbar’s reign, there was a poor man in Agra, who wasthrought to bring bad luck. People believed that if any one looked at his face in themorning, they would have a bad day.

“Get lost, you ugly fellow!” he would be cursed by one and all. “Hide yourface before you kill someone with your evil eye!”

The emperor soon heard of this man’s reputation and wanted to see him.The poor fellow, who had not harmed a single person in his life, was brought toAkbar.

Akbar took a look at him and asked him to be brought back in the evening.That particular day was an especially full and tiring day for the emperor and

his courtiers.So, many matters had to be attended to that Akbar even forgot to eat. By the

end of the day, the emperor was exhausted. To make matters worse, Akbar wasinformed that his favourite child, little Prince Salim, had fallen ill.


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Then the emperor suddenly remembered that he had seen the face of the‘unlucky’ man that morning.

That was it. It was that man’s entire fault, Akbar decided.Akbar called his courtiers and told them that he was going to have

‘unlucky’ man executed. All of them agreed immediately.That is all except Birbal. Instead, Birbal let out a short laugh.“What is the matter, Birbal?” asked the emperor “You seem to find

something funny!”“Nothing, your majesty, “replied Birbal“You say this man brings bad luck because you had to go without food ever

since you saw him this morn ing. Look at his luck. Yours was the first face he sawtoday, and has to die because to it.”

Akbar immediately realized his folly and rewarded Birbal for his wisdom.

148. Why had the king not eaten his food?a) He was very busy that dayb) He had seen the face of the unlucky fellowc) He was not feeling welld) None of these

149. Who was not well on that particular day?a) King Akbarb) The King's courtiersc) Birbald) Prince Salim

150. Which of the following describes Birbal?a) He was a famous merchantb) He had lost his sensesc) He was very poord) He possessed good logical thinking

151. Which of the following is true in the context of the passage?a) The poor man wanted to see the kingb) The poor man was well educatedc) The courtiers were sympathetic with the poor mand) King Akbar realized his mistake

152. What was Birbal’s initial reaction when he heard that the poormanwould be executed?a) He was angry because Akbar had not taken his adviceb) He laughed slightlyc) He was silent and wanted to give a change to the poor mand) None of these


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153. Choose the word that is most nearly the same meaning as theword/phrase printed in bold as used in the passage.Reputationa) Character b) Respect c) Famed) Report

154. Choose the word that is most nearly the same meaning as theword/phrase printed in bold as used in the passage.Follya) Argument b) Mistake c) Wordsd) Conflict

155. Choose the word which is the most opposite in meaning of theword printed in bold as used in the passage.Hidea) Seek b) Show c) Go awayd) Indicate

156. Choose the word which is the most opposite in meaning of theword printed in bold as used in the passage.Exhausteda) Consumed b) Drained c) Restlessd) Energetic

Directions (Q. 157-164) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words are printed in bold to help you locatethem while, answering some of the questions.

In the town, where Abhiram painted pictures of gods and goddesses,everyone knew him only as a stranger, who had always painted pictures for a living.No one knew him or his past. He would think, “I was once wealthy but its all gonenow ______ and in a way it is for the better. I meditate on various forms of God allday long now, my bread and butter comes from that. I also place his image in all thehouses. None can take away the respect and goodwill this earns me.” One day theroyal Minister passed away. The King employed a new Minister from a foreignland. The whole town was abuzz with the news but that day Abhiram’s fingersstilled to a halt. Abhiram’s father and adopted an orphan boy, whom he raised andtrusted more than his own son, Abhiram. But the boy had turned traitor and hadstolen the old man’s fortune from him. The very same man and now come to thenew kingdom as the new Minister. The room where Abhiram painted was also hispuja room. He went in, folded his hands and queried, “Is this why I have spent somany years meditating on. You through every colour, every line? Is this how youreward me – with such an insult?”

The chariot pageant was coming up. At the fairgrounds many people fromdifferent lands thronged to buy Abhiram’s pictures. In that throng, there was a littleboy watched over by servants. He picked out one picture. Abhiram turned to the


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child’s attendant and asked, “who is this boy?” He replied, “The only son of ourroyal Minister.” Abhiram covered his paintings with a cloth and said, “I will not sellmy pictures.” Which only made the child want the picture even more? He camehome and sulked in the corner and refused to eat. The Minister sent a bagful ofcoins for Abhiram, but the bag came back to the Minister untouched. The Ministersaid to himself, “what audacity!” The more he was pestered, the more dogged wasAbhiram’s refusal and he thought, “This is my victory.”

Every morning the first thing Abhiram did was to paint a picture of his ownbeloved deity. This was the only form of worship known to him. One day, herealized the painting wasn’t to his satisfaction. Something looked different. Itwasn’t looking right. He felt tormented. As the days passed, the subtle differencebecame more apparent until one day Abhiram looked up, started by the realization________ he could see it clearly now - the face oif his God was beginning to lookmore and more like the Minister. He hurled his brush to the ground and said, “Sothe Ministger wins!” That same day the painting to the Minister and said, “Here isthe picture, give it to your son.” The Minister asked, “How much?” Abhiram said,“You robbed me of my devotion to God I shall gain it back by gifting you thispicture.” The Minister had no idea what he was talking about.

157. Why did Abhiram paint a picture of one particular deity everymorning?a) His paintings of this particular deity were very popular and he sold manyof themb) He kept trying to paint the picture well but he never succeededc) In memory of his father, who had great devotion for the deityd) It was his way of praying

158. Why did the Minister send a bagful of gold to Abhiram’s house?a) As penance for taking Abhiram’s rightful share of their father’s propertyb) He admired artists and wanted to pay his respects to Abhiramc) As a bribe to ensure that Abhiram would keep t heir past a secretd) He wanted to purchase a painting that his son was determined to have

159. Why was Abhiram disappointed with his most recent painting?a) Despite his best efforts, he could not get the painting to resemble theMinisterb) Attention to details which made his paintings so popular was missingc) Instead of resembling, a replica of a deity, the painting looked like aportrait of the Ministerd) Since, he was unable to paint the lighting effects properly, the deity didnot look lifelike in the portrait

160. What was Abhiram’s first reaction when, he heard about theappointment of the new Royal Minister?a) He decided not to sell his paintings at the chariot pageantb) He stopped praying because he believed that God had abandoned him


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c) He gave up his carrer as an artistd) None of these

161. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as theword given in bold as used in the passage.Audacitya) Courage b) Fear c) Insultd) Rudeness

162. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as theword given in bold as used in the passage.Ideaa) Image b) Understanding c) Designd) Plan

163. Choose the word, which is most opposite in meaning of the wordgiven in bold as used in the passage.Gaina) Lose b) Decrease c) Lackd) Fail

164. Choose the word, which is most opposite in meaning of the wordgiven in bold as used in the passage.Doggeda) Polite b) Weak c) Unstabled) Soft

Directions (Q. 165-173) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words/phrases are given in the bold to helpyou to locate them while answering some of the questions.

A goat was struggling violently and injured many people, as it was beingled away by a dozen men through the street. It was being taken away for asacrificial offering. But it became calm the moment it saw a saint. The saint bentdown and said somethhing in its ear and patted it on its back. He then withdrewcovering his face and muttering “How sad! My poor friend!”.

The animal now tame allowed itself to be led away. The onlookers flockedaround the saint and asked him what he had whispered to the goat?

The Saint explained that the goiat was a reincarnation of his good friend, awealthy man who instituted the sacrifice as a ritual in the village and that he hadtold the goat that the game was started by it in its previous birth so why was itcomplaining now when it was its time toi be in the same boat. He continued “Asone sows, so shall he reap.”

The story spread and even tually brought an end to the ritual of animalslaughter in the name of sacrificial offering in the village.


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165. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?a) Reincarnation is a phenomenon which occursb) One receives as one propagatesc) Animal slaughter is now banned by lawd) Saints do have magical powers

166. Which of the following is true in the context of the passage?a) The goat was not sacrificedb) The ritual of sacrifice gradually stopped in the villagec) The Saint did not believe in reincarnationd) The onlookers were ashamed of themselves and avoided the Saint

167. Why did the goat recognize the Saint?a) It was the Saint who had asked people to sacrifice itb) The Saint was wearing a robe unlike the other onlookersc) The Saint had a peculiar lookd) The Saint had been a good friend of the goat in its previous birth

168. Why did the Saint mutter “How sad! My poor friend”?a) He was against the lifestyle of his friendb) The goat had been injured while it was being led awayc) The goat was dying from its woundsd) He was sad because his friend was going to be killed

169. Why did the animal become docile after the Saint talked to it?a) It was keen to be sacrificedb) It had already injured many people and was tiredc) The priest promised that it wouldn’t be sacrificedd) It had accepted that it deserved its fate

170. Choose the word that is most nearly the same in meaning to theword printed in bold as used in the passage.Patteda) Stroked b) Flattened c) Hitd) Hurt

171. Choose the word that is most nearly the same in meaning to theword printed in bold as used in the passage.Flockeda) Herd b) Together c) Gatheredd) Accompanied

172. Choose the word which is most opposite in the meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Tamea) Spirited b) Disciplined c) Cruel


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d) Insane

173. Choose the word which is most opposite in the meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Enda) Life b) Begin c) Middled) Start

Directions (Q. 174-182) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words have been printed in bold to help youlocate them, while answering some of the questions.

Though the US prides itself on being a leader in the World community, arecent report shows that it lags far behind other industrialised countries in meetingthe needs of its youngest and most vulnerable citizens. The US has a higher infantmortality rate, a higher proportion of low birth weight babies, a smaller proportionof babies immunised against childhood diseases and a much higher rate ofadolescent pregnancies. These findings, described as a “quiet crisis” requiringimmediate and far reching action, appeared in a report prepared by a task force ofeducators, doctors, politicians and business people. According to the report, a fourthof the nation’s 12 million infants and toddlers live in poverty. As many as halfconfront risk factors that could harm their ability to develop intellectually,physically and socially. Child immunisations are too low, more children are borninto poverty, more are in substandard care, while their parents work and more arebeing raised by single parents. When taken together, these and other risk factors canlead to educational and health problems that are much harder and more costly toreverse.

The crisis begins in the womb with unplanned parenthood. Women withunplanned pregnancies are less likely to seek pre natal care. In the US 80% ofteenage pregnancies and 56% of all pregnancies are unplanned. The problmescontinue after birth, where unplanned pregnancies and unstable partnerships oftengo hand in hand. Since 1950, the number of single parent families has nearly tripled.More than 25% of all births today are to unmarried mothers. As the number ofsingle parent families grows and more women enter the work force, infants andtoddlers are increasingly in the care of people other than their parents.

Most disturbingly, recent statistics show that American parents areincreasingly neglecting or abusing their children. In only four years from 1987-1991, the number of children in foster care increased by over 50%. Babies under theage of one are the fastest growing category of children entering foster care. Thiscrisis affects children under the age of three most severely, the report says. Yet, it isthis period – from infancy through preschool years – that sets the stage for a child’sfuture.

174. The main focus of the passage is on the plight ofa) Orphaned childrenb) Teenage mothers


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c) Low birth weight babiesd) None of these

175. Which of the following does not constitute ‘quiet crisis’ in the USas per the task force report?a) Lower proportion of new born babies with normal weightb) Higher incidence of adolescent girls becoming mothersc) Lower rate of babies surviving childhood diseasesd) Increasing cases of teenage couples getting divorced

176. Which of the following statements is not true in the context of thepassage?a) The number of single parent families today is approximately three timesthat four decades agob) The number of children in the US entering foster care has decreased after1991c) In the US, the number of infants living in poverty is about 3 milliond) Only 20% of all the pregnancies in the US are planned

177. The number of children born to married mothers in the US isapproximately, how many times the number of children born to unwedmothers?a) 1.5 times b) 2 times c) 3 timesd) 3.5 times

178. The task force report seems to be based on the data pertaining to theperioda) 1987-91b) 1950 onwards till datac) 1987 onwards till datad) 1950-91

179. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning to thegiven word given in bold as used in the passage.Confronta) Face b) Tolerate c) Succumbd) Eliminate

180. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning to thegiven word given in bold as used in the passage.Vulnerablea) Insecure b) Indispensable c) Riskyd) Promising

181. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the givenword in bold as used in the passage.


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Severelya) Drastically b) Intensely c) Minutelyd) Slightly

182. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the givenword in bold as used in the passage.Substandarda) Impoverishedb) Compassionatec) Excellentd) Valuable

Directions (Q. 183-190) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words/phrases are given in the bold to helpyou to locate them while answering some of the questions.

One day, the king came to the court and began attending to the routinemattres people had brought to him. He happened to be in a bad mood that day. Justthen, a messenger arrived out of breath, with a message that the queen wanted to seethe king in her palace. The king rose immediately and all the courtiers respectfullygot to their feet. The jester however remained seated unaware that the king wasdeparting. He belatedly got to his feet but while doing so, he was noticed by theking, who perceived this behavioiur as an insult. He ordered the jester to leave hiskingdom with immediate effect and not set foot on its soil under penalty of death.

The courtiers were upset and protested. The jester was amusing and wellliked. But the jester obeyed the king’s commands and left the palace promptly.Several months passed after the ing had ordred the jester to leave his court. Theking’s anger had subsided. He decided to invite the jester to return to his court.Messengers were sent to neighbouring kingdoms to search for the jester and bringhim before the king. However the very next day, when the king was standing in oneof the palace balconies, he saw a horse carriage pass outside the palace. He glancedat the carriage out of curiostly and spied the jester sitting inside. The carriage wasstopped. The king asked the jester angrily, “Why have you come back to thekingdom without my permission?’ “Your Majesty” the jester replied politely, “I leftfor China the day you drove me out of your court. I returned only after I hadcovered the floor of my carriage with the soil of the neighbouring country. I havethus not set my foot on your soil,” The king found the jester’s answer pleasing. Hesmiled and asked him to come to court from the next morning.

183. Why did the king leave the court suddenly one day?a) He was bored as the word was routineb) He realised that he had forgotten to meet the queen that dayc) He was upset that dayd) None of these

184. Why did the king himself ask the jester to return to his court?


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a) He missed the jester’s wit and humourb) The jester did not need the request, the king had sent through hismessengersc) The courtiers throught the king was foolish for throwing out the jesterd) The king appreciated the jester’s cleverness in interpreting his orders

185. Why did the jester remain seated, while the king was leaving?a) To show he was unhappy with king’s decision toi leave earlyb) To get the king’s attentionc) To show the king that leaving early was insulting to those, who had cometo the courtd) He did not realise that the king was leaving

186. Which of the following is true in the context of the passage?a) The king was stubborn and never listened to his courtiers adviceb) The jester was quick wittedc) The king’s messengers did not try very hard to find the jesterd) The jester did not return to the court till the k ing had asked forgiveness

187. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Spieda) Watched b) Followed c) Staredd) Noticed

188. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Subsideda) Lessened b) Failed c) Collapsed) Calm

189. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Promptlya) Later b) Behind c) Relaxedd) Lately

190. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Pleasinga) Sorrow b) Disliking c) Worseningd) Hating

Directions (Q. 191-199) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words/phrases are given in the bold to helpyou to locate them, while answering some of the questions.


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It is time, we looked at the latent causes. Where does the strength of Indialie? Not in numbers, not necessarily in our moral stands on international issues. Inmodern times, the strength of a nation lies in its achievements in science andtechnology. This is not to say that other fields do not count.

In the five decades after independence, we have yet to demonstrate ouroriginality in applied science and technology. Though Japan also started like us, yetby cultivating the technology of the West, the Japanese adapted, improved anddisplayed originality in several areas of science and technology. The generationwhich is at the helm of affairs in science and in our country after independencemostly consisted of self seekers. By and large with a few exceptions. The scienceand technology managers in India concentrated in gaining power and influence.They loved publicity. Most of them stopped doing science while they managedscience. Things would have been better had they been humble enough toacknowledge the difference between doing and managing science. Instead theyclaimed they were the foremost in science and technology, simply because theywere at the helm of affairs. As a result, they ceased to inspire the younger lot. Indiacontinues to be a borrowers of science and technology, even though its potential fororiginality is substantial.

Our achievements in nuclear science and technology may be dazzling toour people. But, in worth and originality, they are ordinary and routine. While ourown people remain ignorant the people of other countries know all about thepretensions to knowledge of our nuclear science and technology managers. Oursubtle way of sabotaging our nuclear goals is to help hollow persons reach andremain at the helm of affairs. International bodies come in as handy tools in thatsubtle process. The veil of secrecy effectively protects the mismanagement in ournuclear establishments. The talk of national security comes as an easy weapon toprevent any probe into mismanagement. On nuclear matters the media in ourcountry, by and large avoid the mismatch between promise and hence performancein the nuclear field does not get exposed as much as the mismanagement in otherfields.

191. What does the author mean by “doing” science?a) Demonstrating exaggerated performance without achieving the desiredlevelb) Managing effectively the administrative functions involved in the powergamec) Concentrating on such researches which have very low practical utilityd) Displaying genuine acumen and performance in scientific studies

192. “Doing science” and “managing science” are implied by the authoris analogous toa) Set target and achieving itb) Fact and fantasyc) Originality and adaptabilityd) Scientific inventions and disc overy of principles


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193. The author of the passage hasa) Criticised the power hung Indian technocratsb) Appreciated the Japanese scientists unduly and exorbitantlyc) Hailed India’s technological advancement in the past five decadesd) Underestimated the Japanese and Chinese scientists and t echnologists

194. Which of the following is the commonality between the Indian andthe Japanese scientists?a) Both have displayed originally in applied sciencesb) Both have displayed and advancement of substandard qualityc) Both have displayed greed f or influence and powerd) Both have displayed remarkable just for publicity

195. Which of the following is the correct assessment of India’s postindependence nuclear and scientific advancements?a) Originality and adaptability is duly displayed in the field of appliedscienceb) Our achievement in nuclear science and technology are dazzlingc) Our achievements are of a very ordinary quality and routine natured) Our scientists have done full justice to the developmental needs ofnuclear science

196. Find out the word from the given options, which is most nearly thesame in meaning as the word given in bold as used in the passage.Latenta) Cautions b) Hidden c) Overtd) Brilliant

197. Find out the word from the given options, which is most nearly thesame in meaning as the word given in bold as used in the passage.Handya) Silent b) Hand-rolled c) Suitabled) Solemn

198. Find the word which is most nearly opposite in meaning to theword given in bold as used in the passage.Dazzlinga) Tremendous b) Domineering c) Deafeningd) Brilliant

199. Find the word which is most nearly opposite in meaning to theword given in bold as used in the passage.Humblea) Doctile b) Llethargic c) Stupidd) Cunning


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Directions (Q. 200-207) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words/phrases are given in the bold to helpyou locate them while answering some of the questions.

During the reign of King, Veer, there lived a wise magistrate. Haripant’sverdicts were always just and people from all over the vast kingdom came to him inorder to settle their disputes. In the city where Haripant lived, there was a greedyghee merchant named Niranjan. He always kept twenty barrels of ghee. Of these,fifteen would contain good quality ghee and the remaining would be adulterated, hewould mix into and sell it. This went on for a time, till finally the people fed upbeing cheated and complained to Haripant.

Haripant had the ghee examined and found it to be adulterated. He gaveNiranjan a choice of punishment drink the five barrels of adulterated ghee from hisshop or receive a hundred lashings or pay a thousand gold coins in the treasury.Niranjan thought for a while. Losing a thousand gold coins was too much and ahundred lashings are painful. So, he decided to drink the barrels of ghee.

Though Niranjan adulterated goods in his shop, they made sure his ownfood was of the best quality. So, after drinking one barrel of ghee, he began to feelsick. By the second barrel, he was vomiting. At this point he decided to opt for thelashings instead. But he was pampered and his body was unused to any harshtreatment. After ten lashes, he started trembling and by twenty he was giddy. Stop!He screamed ‘I will pay the thousand gold coins!’ and he handed them.

So, he ended up suffering all three punishments something he did notforget in a hurry and the people of the city got to use only the best quality ghee intheir food from then on!.

200. Why did the people decide to go to Haripant with their complaint?a) He was close to the King and would get justice for themb) Thuey knew Niranjan was afraid of Haripant, who punished peopleseverelyc) They were confident that he would listen to their complaint and give afair judgementd) He was the only magistrate in the entire kingdom

201. Why did Haripant allow Niranjan to choose his own punishment?a) He felt sorry for Niranjanb) Niranjan’s offence was minorc) He did not want Niranjan to appeal of the king for leniencyd) None of these

202. Why did Niranjan decide to drink adulterated ghee for hispunishment?a) Since the barrels were from his shop he thought he could substitute theadulterated ghee with good gheeb) He wanted to prove that the quality of ghee he sold was good


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c) He was greedy and had a big appetite so he thought he would easily drinkthe gheed) He considered it the easiest of the punishments as he did not realise whateffect the ghee would have on him

203. Why did Niranjan suffer three punishments?a) He had cheated so many people that his punishment had to be severeb) Haripant had ordered this so that Niranjan would never repat his offencec) Haripant wanted to make an example of him so that other merchantswould not cheat their customersd) Niranjan could not decide which punishment to under go. So, Haripantawarded him all three punishments.

204. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning as the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Cheateda) Unfaithful b) Blamed c) Exploitedd) Dodged

205. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning as the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Sufferinga) Hardship b) Distressing c) Hurtingd) Experiencing

206. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Besta) Damaged b) Inferior c) Spoiledd) Defective

207. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Unuseda) Accustomed b) Routine c) Oftend) Normal

Directions (Q. 208-215) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestioins given below it. Certain words/phrases are given in the bold to helpyou to locate them while answering some of the questions.

Many years ago, I was the chief guest at a function. This was held in ahostel for poor students that had been built by a philanthropist. Food and shelterwere free, but students had to bear other expenses like tuition and clothing.

In my younger days, I have come across many families, who would lookafter students who were economically backward but otherwise bright. They used to


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help them with their fees or clothing and often with their food as well. In thosedays, most colleges were located in larger towns. Many poor students, who came tostudy in these towns used to stay with these families and would be treated as a partof the family. The woman of the house considered this a good deed and helped thepoor students whole heartedly. Today, the situation is different. Even smaller townshave schools and colleges, so this custom has disappeared.

While I was sitting on the dais, I remembered the past and congratulated theperson, who had built the hostel. It was a good deed and of great help to manystudents. The hostel secretary told me about some of the students in the hostel, whohad secured ranks but had a problem paying their tuition fees.

He said, “Madam, this year we have three students from differentdisciplines who have secured ranks. All of these are from extremely poor families.They have one more year to complete their degrees”. “What are they studying?”“One is in medicine, the second in engineering and the third in commerce.” “Can Imeet them after the function?”

The function went on as usual. Often, at such functions too much praise islavished on the chief guest. Sometimes, they even make exaggerated and falseclaims about the chief guest. I feel this unnecessary praising is the highest form ofcorruption where people are easily fooled, and it encourages those who are praisedto develop an inflated opinion of themselves. That’s why in the twelfth century, inKarnataka, the great revolutionary leader Basaveshwara warned in his teaching thatpraise is like a golden gallows.

After the function, I met the three poor bright boys whom the secretary hadtold me about. They were a little puzzled, shy and nervous. All of them had thesame story father in a small job unable to make ends meet, a large family back inthe village, no land or any other asset. Only sheer determination to excel in studieshad brought them here against all odds.

208. How did poor students manage their expenses in towns, if a collegeeducation was not available to them in their villages?a) They used to get regular help from the philantrhropistb) Their fees and clothing expenses were borne by the collegesc) Many families used to provide them facilities on paymentd) None of these

209. Why has the practice of students from villages staying with familiesin towns stopped now a days?a) Families have found education has become very expensiveb) Higher education is available to students even in smaller townsc) There is no need for students to go in for higher education these daysd) The situation is altogether different as t he educational structure haschanged

210. What does the author dislike about functions?a) The false or exaggerated praise showered on the chief guestb) Selection of corrupt persons as chief guests


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c) The awkward situation created by the audienced) The shyness and nervousness of the audience

211. Which of the following was not a common factor among the threestudents?a) Subjects of studyb) Family backgroundc) Lack of resourcesd) Intelligence

212. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning to theword given in bold as used in the passage.Beara) Tolerate b) Ensure c) Payd) Receive

213. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning to theword given in bold as used in the passage.Lavisheda) Showered b) Taken c) Abundantd) Warranted

214. Choose the word which is most nearly opposite in meaning to theword given in bold as used in the passage.Brighta) Light b) Dark c) Unintelligentd) Glowing

215. Choose the word which is most nearly opposite in meaning to theword given in bold as used in the passage.Exaggerateda) Narranted b) Expelled c) Stoppedd) Understand


In a reversal of the norm elsewhere, in India policymakers and economistshave become optimists while bosses do the worrying. The country’s Central Bankhas predicted that the country’s economy is likely to grow at a double digit rateduring the next 20-30 years. India has the capability with its vast labour and laudedentrepreneurial spirit. But he private sector which is supposed to do the heavylifting that turns India from the world’s tenth largest economy to its third largest by2030 has become fed up. Business people often carp bout India’s problems but theirirritation this time has a nervous edge. In the first quarter of 2011, GDP grew at an


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annual rate of 7.8%; in 2005-07 it managed 9-10%. The economy may be slowingnaturally as the low interest rates and public spending that got India through theglobal crisis are belatedly withdrawn. At the same time the surge in inflation causedby exorbitant food prices has spread more widely, casting doubts over whether Indiacan grow at 8-10 % in the medium term without overheating.

In India, as in many fast growing nations, the confidence to invest dependson the conviction that the long term trajectory is intact and it is that which is indoubt. Big Indian firms too sometimes seem happier to invest abroad than at home,in deals thatare often hailed as symbols of the country’s growing clout butsometimes speak to its weaknesses – purchases of natural resources that India has inabundance but struggles to get out of the ground. In fact a further dip in investmentcould be self fulfilling: if fewer roads, ports and factories are built, this will hurtboth short term growth figures and reduce the economy’s long term capacity.

There is a view that because a fair amount of growth is assured thegovernment need to try very hard. The liberalization reforms that began in 1991freed markets for products and gave rise to vibrant competition, at the same timewhat economists call factor markets, those for basic inputs like land, power, labouretc. remain unreformed and largely under state control, which creates difficulties.Clearances today can take three to four years and many employers are keen toreplace workers with machines despite an abundance of labour force. This can beattributed to labour laws which are inimical to employee creation and an educationsystem that means finding quality manpower a major problem. In fact the PlanningCommission, concluded that even achieving 9% growth will need marked policyaction in unreformed sectors. Twenty years ago it was said that the yardstick againstwhich India should be measured was its potential and it is clear that there remainsmuch to do.

216. .What is the state of India’s basic input sectors at present?a) These sectors attract Foreign Direct Investment because of their vastpotential.b) These sectors are lagging as projects are usually awarded to foreigncompanies.c) These sectors are stagnating and badly in need of reforms.d) These sectors are well regulated as there are governed by the State

217. Which of the following can be said about the Indian economy atpresent?a) It can comfortably achieve doubel digit growth rate at present.b) High food prices have led to overheating of the economy.c) Citizens are affluent owing to laxity in regulation.d) Unreformed sectors are a drag on economic growth.

218. Which of the following is most opposite in meaning to the wordMARKED given in bold as used in the passage?a) Decreased b) Ignored c) Cleard) Assessed


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Directions (Q. 219-223) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words have been printed in bold to help youto locate them while answering some of the questions.

The great fear in Asia a short while ago was that the region would sufferthrough the wealth destruction already taking place in the U.S. as a result of thefinancial crisis. Stock markets tumbled as exports plunged and economic growthdeteriorated. Lofty property prices in China and elsewhere looked set to bust ascredit tightened and buyers evaporated. But with surprising speed, fear in Asiaswung back to greed as the regin shows signs of recovery and property and stockprices are soaring in many parts of Asia.

Why should this sharp Asian turn around be greeted with skepticism?Higher asset prices mean households feel wealthier and better able to spend, whichcould further fuel the region’s nascent rebound. But just as easily, Asia could soonfind itself saddled with overheated markets similar to the U.S. housing market. Inshort, the world has not changed, it has just moved placed.

The incipient bubble is being created by government policy. In response tothe global credit crunch of 2008, Policy makers in Asia slashed interest rates andflooded financial sectors with cash in frantic attempts to keep loans flowing andeconomies growing. These steps were logical for central bankers striving to reversea deepening economic crisis but there is evidence that there is too much easy moneyaround. It’s winding up in stocks and real estate, pushing prices up too far and toofast for the undenying economic fundamentals. Much of the concern is focused onChina where government stimulus efforts have been large and effective, Money inChina has been especially easy to find. Aggreegate new bank lending surged 201%in first half of 2009 from the same period a year earlier, to nearly 51.1 turn on,Exuberance over a quick recovery which was given a boost by China’s surprisinglystrong 7.9% GDP growth in the second quarter hjas buoyed investor sentiment notjust for stocks but also for real estate.

Former U.S. Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan argued thatbubbles could only be recognised in hand sight. But investors who have been wellschooled in the dangers of bubbles over the past decade are increasingly wary thatprices have risen too far and that the slightest bit of negative, economic news couldknock markets for a loop. These fears are compounded by the possibility that Asia’scentral bankers willbegin taking stops to shut off the money. Rumours that Beijingwas on the verge of tightening credit led to Shanghai stocks plunging 5%. Yet manyeconomists believe that, there is close to a zero possibility that the Chinesegovernment will do anything this year that constitutes tightening. And without amajor shift in thinking, the easy-money conditions will stay in place. In a globaleconomy that has produced more dramatic ups and downs than anyone thoughtpossible over the past two years. Asia may beneading for another dishearteningplunge.

219. What does the author want to convey through the phrase “Theworld has not changed it has just moved places”?


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a) At present countries are more dependent on Asian economies than on theUS economyb) Economies have become interlinked on account of globalisationc) Asian governments are implementing the same economic reforms asdeveloped countriesd) None of these

220. Which of the following can be said about the Chinese government’sefforts to revive the economy?a) These were largely unsuccessful as only the housing market improvedb) The governments only concern was to boost investor confidence instocksc) These efforts were ineffectual as the economy recovered owing to the USmarket stabilisingd) These were appropriate and accmplished the goal of economic revival

221. What do the statistics about loans given by Chinese banks in 2009indicate?a) There was hardly any demand for loans in 2008b) The Chinese government has borrowed funds from the USc) China will take longer than the US to recover from the economic crisisd) None of these

222. What is the author’s main objective in writing the passage?a) Illustrating that Asian economies are financially more sound than thoseof developed countriesb) Disputing financial theories about how recessions can be predicted andavoidedc) Warning Asian countries about the dangers of favouring fast growth andprofits over sound economic-principlesd) Extoiling China’s incredible growth and urging other countries toemulate it

223. Why does the author doubt the current resurgence of Asianeconomics?a) Their economies are too heavily reliant on the American economy whichis yet to recoverb) Central banks have slashed interest rates too abruptly which is likely tocause stock markets to crashc) With their prevailing economic conditions they are at risk for a financialcrisisd) Their GDP has not grown significantly during the last financial year

Directions (Q. 224-228) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words have been printed in bold to help youto locate them while answering some of the questions.


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Delays of several months in Natioinal Rural Employment GuaranteeScheme wage payments and work sites where labourers have lost all hope of beingpaid at all have become the norm in many states. How are workers who exist on themargins of subsistence supposed to feed their families? Under the scheme, workersmust be paid within 15 days, failing which they are entitled to compensation underthe Payment of Wages Act – upto Rs.3000 per aggrieved worker. In reality,compensation is received in only a few isolated instances. It is often argued byofficials that the main reason for the delay is the inability of banks and post officesto handle mass payments of NREGS wages. Though there is agrain of truth in this,as a diagnosis it is misleading. The ‘jam’ in the banking system has been the resultof the hasty switch to bank payments imposed by the Central Government againstthe recommendation of the Central Employment Guarantee Council whichadvocated a gradual transition starting with villages relatively close to the nearestbank. However, delays are not confined solely to the banking system. Operationalhurdles include implementing agencies taking more than fifteen days to issuepayment orders, viewing of work measurement as a cumbersome process resultingin procrastination by the engineering staff and non maintenance of muster rolls andjob card etc. But behind these delays lies a deeper and deliberate ‘backlash’ againstthe NREGS. With bank payments making it much harder to embezzle NREGSfunds, the programme is seen as a headache by many government functionaries theworkload has remained without the “inducements”. Slowing down wage paymentsis a convenient way of sabotaging the scheme because workers will desert NREGSworksites.

The common sense solution advocated by the government is to adopt thebusiness correspondent model. Where in bank agents will go to villages to makecash payments and duly record them on handheld, electronic devices. This solutionis based on the wrong diagnosis that distance separating villages from banks is themain issue. In order to accelerate payments, clear timilines for every step of thepayment process should be incorporated into the system as Programme Officersoften have no data on delays and cannot exert due pressure to remedy the situation.Workers are both clueless and powerless with no provision for them to air theirgrievances and seek redress. In drought affected areas the system of piece rate workcan be dispensed with where work measurement is not completed withinn a weekand wages may be paid on the basis of attendance. Buffer funds can be provided togram panchayats and post offices to avoid bottlenecks in the flow of funds. Partialadvances could also be considered provided wage payment are meticulouslytracked. But failure to recognise problems and unwillingness to remedy them willremain major threats to the NREGS.

224. What impact have late wage payments had on NREGS workers?a) They cannot obtain employment till their dues are clearedb) They have benefited from the compensation awarded to themc) They have been unable to provide for their familiesd) None of these


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225. Which of the following factors has not been responsible foruntimely payment of NREGS wages?a) Communication delays between agencies implementing the schemeb) Improper record keepingc) Behind schedule release of payments by banksd) Drought conditions prevalent in the country

226. What has the outcome of disbursing NREGS wages through banksbeen?a) Theft of funds by administratioin officials responsible for the scheme hasreducedb) Increased work load for local government officialsc) Protests by workers who have to travel long distances to the nearest bankto claim their wagesd) Time consuming formalities have to be completed by workers

227. To which of the following has the author attributed the delay inwage payments?a) Embezzlement of funds by corrupt bank staffb) Lack of monitoring by the Central Employment Guarantee Councilc) An attempt to derail the NREGS by vested interestsd) Overworked bank staff deliberately delay payments to protest againstextra work

228. Which of the following can be considered a deficiency in theNREGS?a) Lack of co-ordinatioin among Programme Officersb) Local officials are unaware of correct operational proceduresc) Workers have no means of obtaining redressal for untimely wagepaymentsd) Disbursing wages through banks instead of readily accessible postoffices

Directions (Q. 229-233) In the following questions, you have one brief passagewith five questions. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer toeach question out of the four alternatives.

Although Indians spend less money on allopathic medicines than people inmost Asian Countries, more than 40,000 drugs formulations are available here. Allmanufacturers are required by law to provide information about their product eitheron the packaging or in a pamphlet inside. But, in many cases, this information isvery meagre and hard to understand. Many doctors, too do not tell their patientsanything about the drugs they prescribe.

What should we be concerned about when we take drugs? There are twoareas: (1) Side effects. Many people taking a drug will notice an undesirablereaction, usually minor. But even the mildest drugs can do harm if taken


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improperly, long enough or in excessive doses. And everyone responds to a drugdifferently. (2) Failyre to follow directions. Many of us disobey prescriptioninstructions on how much to take and when. It is eady to fall into thinking that moreof the drug will speed up the healing. It is more common, however, for people tostop taking a drug when they begin to feel better. This, too, can be dangerous.

What are the steps to be taken for safety? Take a drug only asrecommended on the label or by the doctor. (2) If you feel ill after taking a drug,check it with a doctor. (3) Do not mix drugs. (4) Check whether any food oractivities are to avoided.

229. Which one of the following statements is true?a) Indians use more than 40,000 allopathic drugsb) Indians hate allopathic medicinesc) Other Asian countries do not have allopathic medicinesd) Indians cannot afford allopathic drugs

230. How are drug users to be instructed by the manufacturers?a) Doctors should give a manual of instructions.b) The Chemist should issue an instruction manual.c) Information should be printed on the carton or in a pamphlet kept insideit.d) Patients should keep in touch with drug manufactuters.

231. Only one of the following sentences is right identify it.a) All medicines produce reactions of various degrees in their usersb) Even mild drugs are not always safec) Medicines should be discontinued as soon as we feel betterd) More than the prescribed dose brings quicker recovery

232. Drug manufacturers _______a) do not give instructionsb) give all necessary instructionsc) give very little and unintelligible informationd) give information only when asked

233. Which one of the following is true?a) Throw away the drug that produces side effects and try anotherb) Drugs may be taken with all kinds of foodsc) Drugs do not inhibit our normal life styled) Drugs should be used only according to prescription

Directions (Q. 234-241) Read the following passage carefully and answer thegiven questions. Certain words have been given in bold to help you locate themwhile answering some of the questions.


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On attending a conference, which focused on the role of the services sectorin Indian economy I was amazed. The conference gave a very interestingperspective on the role of the service sector in the growth of Indian economy inrelation to growth rates in agriculture and industry. The current situation in India isthat the growth rate of services has overtaken both agriculture and industry and isnow contributing to more than 50% of GDP. The services sector has the highestgrowth rate and is the least volatile sector. Growth is particularly marked in publicservices, IT and financial services. In some areas, the growth rate of the servicessector is 40-50% due to increased use of mobile technologies. India, therefore has, aservices oriented economy. It hasn’t followed traditional growth models as inChina. However, in the process of doing so it has skipped the manufacturing stageand has jumped straight from the agriculture stage to service stage which is also themain reason for the expansion of the service sector. In fact, the situation now is suchthat the growth in the service sector can and will support in the agriculture andindustrial sectors.

However, the only setback for Indian economy is the lack of growth in themanufacturing sector, which causes dependence on other coutnries, which is not sodesirable in terms of job creation and increased prosperity.

Population is also a major concern of the Indian economy. As thepopulation of India grows so also does the number of dependents in the populationin both the lower and higher age groups. In such a scenario of increasingpopulation, especially in an economy which still recovering from crisis, growthbecomes difficult. For such an economy to grow it has to invest.

Currently, the public sector invests more than it saves. The household sectorsaves in surplus, but it is not increasing so it cannot continue to support private andpublic sectors. There is a massive need to spend on agriculture and infrastructuredevelopment of the country. Apart from that health and educatiopn should also bethe priority of the government particularly the education of women in order toreduce the birth rate.

234. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to word givenin bold as used in the passage.Volatilea) Erratic b) Impatient c) Stabled) Solid

235. What does the author mean by the statement, “… a growthwindow’ for India will open.”?a) In the coming years, the Indian economy will grow as the service sectorof the country would be booming due to the focus of the government in thatsector.b) In the next two decades, Indian economy will have an opportunity togrow as the working population of India will be high as compared tothe dependent population.


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c) There would be only a small period of time in which the economy ofIndia has to grow and if it fails to do so it will never be able to recover fromthe economic downfall.d) Only upto the next two decades would Indian people be interested infinding jobs in the country beyond which they would search for jobs abroadthus hampering the growth of Indian economy.

236. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the wordgiven in bold as used in the passage.Prerequisitesa) Requirements b) Instincts c) Prohibitionsd) Acknowldgements

237. What does the author mean by the statement, “to change the badsectors to good sectors.”?a) In order to deal with the problem of poverty it is important to distinguishbetween good and bad sectors and encourage people to start searching frojobs in the good sectors.b) The government should make efforts to improve the sectors that are notfunctioning well in order create greater job opportunities in those sectorsand in turn eradicate povertyc) Poverty alleviation is possible only if the government understands theimportance of good sectors and provides it with necessary opportunitiesd) The bad sectors of the country should be identified and such jobs shouldbe outsourced to other underprivileged countries in order to eradicatepoverty from those countries.

238. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the wordgiven in bold as used in the passage?Perspectivea) View point b) Prospect c) Attituded) Agreement

239. Which of the following is true as per the passage?a) India has not followed the conventional model of growth and has moveddirectly from the agriculture sector to the service sector.b) The service sector of the country is yet to make a mark on the IT andfinancial sectors of the country.c) With availability of labour and growth in human skills, the service sectorof Indian economy is booming limitlessly as there is no restriction onmovement of labour.d) India has become self reliant and does not have to depend on othercountries because of the development in the manufacturing sector

240. According to the author, which of the following can be said aboutthe growth of service sector in India?


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a) India is essentially an agrarian economy and is not yet ready to shiftforcus from agriculture sector to service sectorb) The expansion of service sector in India was seen mainly because of thegrowth in the agricultural sectorc) Indian economy cannot run only on the basis of service sector i.e.,without further development in the agriculture and the industrial sectord) The growth of service sector in India is facilitated by the improvement intechnology

241. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning to the wordgiven in bold as used in the passage.Massivea) Prominent b) Proactive c) Shortd) Little

Directions (Q. 242-248) Read the following passage carefully and answer thegiven questions. Certain words/phrases are given in bold to help you to locatethem while answering some of the questions.

We should never confuse education with training or the ‘tools’ thateducators use. Education is no more a computer or an online class than it is achalkboard-those are simply tools. Additionally, precious few new and relevantfindings have been added to our into the learning process; much of what manyproclaim to be insightful turns out to be faddish and misguided. What we need forlearning to occur are well prepared and motivated teachers, students who are willingand able to learn and a social system that values educational attainment. Manymight take exception to these assertions, raising a host of ancillary social, economic,nutritional and sociological issues. However, decades of data from failed publicexperiments aimed at mitigating these problems argue to the contrary.

What are we to do? Create a wave of educational entrepreneurship? Despiteall of the hype and media attention, no one currently knows the best way forward.We must incentivise educationalists, technologists, and classroom teachers toexperiment and innovate. Such partnershhips should truly explore alternatives as weseek to define the blended face to face and online class rooms of the future. Someapproaches will fail, but that is part of the change process.

There will be no one size fits all experience success will vary by disciplineand educational objectives. Unless everyone involved in this process is inspired totake risks, we will not enjoy the full potential these new approaches represent. Also,we should not forget the extent to which those who most benefit from the currentsystem will attempt to hijack this change process for their own purposes.

With these issues in mind, consider the following vision of the changeprocess to the classroom of tomorrow – a vision that leverages technology to createa more personalised learning experience. With the onset of this vision the professorstudent relationship will change. What is not likely to survive is the large class inwhich every one progress at the same pace.


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That paradigm will be replaced by a more customised and colloborativelearning process. The reality of a technology enabled personalised learningenvironment is till evolving. What seems clear is that at its heart is a morecollaborative and student mapped and paced process. The function of the professor,aided by educationalists, will also change.

Student professor collaboration will then determine both what content canbe assigned to practice methods and how the student demonstrates mastery of thatcontent. In such cases, timing issues will most likely be left entirely in the student’shands, while technology specialists recommend the best hardware and softwaresolutions.

Critical thinking or application ideas will involve more specialised, face toface and interactive online approaches geared to the real time needs and progressthe students is making.

Thus, the professor, with the students help, will vigilantly mix and blend thelearning ingredients to produce a new learning environment. How this process playsout in reality will be the result of educational entrepreneurship but is will surelyentail both successes and some failures.

The administration and accreditation of education will also have to change.As more education occurs outside the bricks and mortar framework and is morecentred on the student professor interaction, the role of all non teaching staff willneed to be reassessed. As students and faculty increase their use of technology topersonalise their formal and informal learning, educational technologists must beon hand to facilitate the effective use of that technology.

Also, the current hierarchical and standardised oucomes formulas foradministration and accreditation of colleges and universities are no longer tenable.Realistically, they are an impediment to the change needed.

Finally, we must address one of the most serious challenges facing onlineeducation – cheating, simply put, cheating is rampant and we are turning a blind eyeto the problem. Cheating threatenes the integrity of the educational process and thevalue added of the degree. Solutions must be found and implemented or all changeswill be for naught.

242. Which of the following is most nearly the same in meaning as theword given in bold as used in the passage?Entaila) Limit b) Occasion c) Involved) Subject

243. Which of the following can be the most suitable title for thepassage?a) Educating through technology – what the future can beb) Teachers – An obsolete futurec) The hype around technology aided educationd) Limitations of technology


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244. Which of the following is most OPPOSITE in meaning to theword given in bold as used in the passage?Mitigatinga) Aggravating b) Irritating c) Annoyingd) Frustrating

245. Which of the following is most nearly the same is meaning in theword given is bold as used in the passage?Personalisea) Customise b) Cause c) Sensibled) Own

246. Which of the following is most OPPOSITE is meaning word givenin bold as used in the passage?Impedimenta) Freedom b) Advantage c) Extravagancyd) Luxury

247. What does the author mean when he uses the words ‘will be fornaught’?a) will be in troubleb) will face complicationsc) will not be allowedd) will come together

248. According to the author, which of the following is not true aboutcheating?a) It is one of the gravest problems faced in educationb) It undermines the value of the credential obtained through educationc) Not much is being done to curtail it at presentd) It is quite prevalent at present

Directions (Q. 249-258) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words/phrases in the passage are printed inbold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.

Indra foresaw that a supreme contest was inevitable between his son Arjunaand Karna; and he put on the garb of a Brahmana and came to Karna, who wasreputed for his charity, and begged of him his earrings and armour. The Sun godhad already warned Karna in a dream that Indra would try to deceive him in thismanner. Still, Karna could not bring himself to refuse any gift that was asked ofhim. Hence he cut off the earrings and armour with which he was born and gavethem to the Brahmana.

Indra, the king of gods, was filled with surprise and joy. After accepting thegift, he praised Karna as having done what no one else would do, and shamed intogenerosity, bade Karna ask for any boon he wanted.


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Karna replied: “I desire to get your weapon, the Sakti which has the powerto kill enemies.” Indra granted the boon, but with a fateful proviso. He said : “Youcan use this weapon against but one enemy, and it will kill him whosoever he maybe. But this killing done, this weapon will no longer be available to you but willreturn to me.” With these words Indra disappeared.

Karna went to Parasurama and became his disciple by representing to himthat he was a Brahmana. He learnt of Parasurama the mantra for using the masterweapon known as Brahmastra. One day Parasurama was reclining with the head onKarna’s lap when a stinging worm burrowed into Karna’s thigh. Blood began toflow and the pain was terrible, but Karna bore it without tremor lest he shoulddisturb the master’s sleep. Parasurama awoke and saw the blood which had pouredfrom the wound. He said: “Dear pupil, you are not a Brahmana. A Kshatriya alonecan remain unmoved under all bodily torments. Tell me the truth.”

Karna confessed that he had told a lie in presenting himself as a Brahmanaand that he was in fact the son of a charioteer. Parasurama in his anger pronouncedthis curse on him: “Since you deceived your guru, the Brahmastra you have learntshall fail you at the fated moment. You will be unable to recall the invocatorymantra when you hour comes.”

It was because of this curse that at the crisis of his last fight with Arjuna,Karna was not able to recall the Brahmastra spell, though he had remembered it tillthen. Karna was the faithful friend of Duryodhana and remained loyal with theKauravas until the end. After the fall of Bhishma and Drona, Karna became theleader of the Kaurava army and fought brilliantly for two days. In the end, the wheelof his chariot stuck in the ground and he was not able to lift it free and drive thechariot along. While he was in this predicament, Arjuna killed him. Kunti wassunk in sorrow, all the more poignant because she had, at that time, to conceal it.

249. How did Parasurama find that Karna was not a Brahmana?a) Karna himself confessed his identity before Parasurama.b) Karna bore the sting of a worm without any tremorc) Parasurama had acquire3d the ability to know everything through histhird eye.d) He asked Karna’s father about his identity.

250. Why did Karna decide toi become Parasurama’s disciple on thepretext that he was a Brahmana?a) Because Parsurama was a Brahmana.b) Parasurama hated Kshatriyas and Sudras.c) Parasurama was a man who believed in strict notions of castes.d) Not given in the passage

251. Why could Karna not refuse the demands for his earrings andarmour made by Indra?a) Because Karna was the son of Indrab) Because Karna was known for his charity.


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c) Karna, being the son of a charioteer, could not refuse Indra, the King ofGods.d) Karna was deceived by Indra in the guise of a Brahmana.

252. Why did Parasurama curse Karna?a) Because Karna decided to use the Brahmastra on Parasurama.b) Because Karna failed to learn the techniques of a Kshatriya.c) Because Karna concealed his identity and betrayed his master.d) Because Karna had vowed to destroy the hermitage of Parasurama.

253. What would be the effect of the curse?a) That Karna would not be able to recall the Brahmastra spell when hishour came.b) That the invocatory mantra would cease to act on the person targeted.c) That he would not be able to pass the spell to his friends.d) That he would be killed by his own invocatory mantra of the Brahmastra.

254. Choose the word/group of words which is MOST SIMILAR inmeaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Tremora) Fear b) Trembling c) Offeringd) Sorrow

255. Choose the word/group of words which is MOST SIMILAR inmeaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Poignanta) Defile b) Straight c) Fould) Painful

256. Choose the word/group of words which is MOST SIMILAR inmeaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Predicamenta) Difficulty b) Fancy c) Hurryd) Emergency

257. Choose the word/group of words which is MOST OPPOSITE inmeaning of the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Reclininga) Resting b) Standing c) Waitingd) Thinking

258. Choose the word/group of words which is MOST OPPOSITE inmeaning of the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.Tormentsa) Suffering b) Pain c) Anxietyd) Comfort


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Directions (Q. 259-263) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words are given in bold to help you to locatethem, while answering some of the questions.

The wakeup call that China represents to India is not limited to itsshowpiece urban centres or that New Delhi hopes India will experience the benefitsthat the Olympic Games have brought to Beijing. More pertinent is the comparisonof the agricultural sectors of the two countries. Why and how has China managed tooutstrip India in agriculture when 25 years ago the two countries were on par onmost parameters? Both have traditionally been agrarian economies and over halftheir populations continue to depend on the land for their livelihood. With largepopulations and histories of famine, India and China share concern on issues suchas food security, however, while India’s agricultural sector is projected to grow byabout 2.5% this year – a slide from the previous year’s growth. China’s has beensteadily growing at between 4% and 5% over the last fifteen years. The widestdivergence between India and China is in the profitable horticultural sector with theproduction of fruits and vegetables in China leaping from 60 million tonnes in 1980compared to India’s 55 million tonnes at the same time, to 450 million tonnes in2003 ahead of India’s corresponding 135 million tonnes. China’s added advantagelies in the more diversified composition of its agricultural sector with animalhusbandry and fisheries which account for close to 45% of growth compared to30% for India.

According to the latest report by Economic Advisory Council the traditionalexcuses for India’s substandard is placed favourably when compared to China interms of quantity of arable land, average farm size, farm mechanization etc. Thereasons for China having outperformed India are threefold : technologicalimprovements accruing from research and development (China has over 1000 Rand D centres devoted to agriculture), Investment in rural infrastructure and anincreasingly liberalised agricultural policy moving away from self-sufficiency toleveraging the competitive advantage with a focus on “effieiency as much asequity”. Investment in rural infrastructure, roads, storage facilities, marketingfacilities are also crucial but government support in India has been mainly beenthrough subsidies, not investment. There has been much debate about sibsidies andtheir utility, the opposing view being that subsidies are against the market reformsand distort the market as well as reduce resource efficiency. In contrast to the 2046applications for the registration of new plant varieties in China over the past fewyears data reveals that despite India having the largest number of agriculturalscientists in the World India’s current research track record is abysmal, equivalentto what China achieved in the 1908s. Far from developing new strains, the numberof field crop varieties fell by 50% between 1997 and 2001 despite the fact that therewas sharp and sustained increase in funding. One reason is that majority of thebudget is eaten up by staff salaries with only 3% being allotted for research. Incontrast, most agricultural research centres in China must use Central Governmentfunding purely for research. Funds relating to salareis and other administrativeincidentals must be generated by the centres themselves. The centres and sci entists


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are thus, encouraged to engage in joint ventures witjh private sector compani es toform commercial signoffs from their research. In fact research staff are now beinghired on a contract basis with pay based on performance and salaries raisedproportionately for those who perform well. India needs to learn from China’sexample and adopt a pragmatic approach if it has to meet its targets of the Eleventhfive year plan.

259. What has been the major area of difference in the development ofthe agricultural sectors of India and China?a) Quantity of arable land in China is far greater than in Indiab) Food security is not a concern for China as the country is basically selfsufficientc) China has experienced substantial growth in production in alliedagricultural activities like horticultured) India’s agricultural sector is too diversified so it is difficult to channelfunds for development

260. How are Chinese agricultural research facilities governed?a) Salaries of staff are linked to performance which hampers productiveresearchb) Their funding comes from the government alone to prevent privatecompanies from manipulating the direction of their researchc) A fixed proportion of government grants is allotted to be utilized foradministrative incidentals which cannot be exceededd) None of these

261. Which of the following is an advantage that India holds over Chinawith respect to the agricultural sector?a) Lack of diversification of the agricultural sectorb) Superior technology and farming practicesc) Greater prevalence of farm mechanisationd) Provision of fertilizer and power subsidies

262. Why was there a drop in development of new crop varieties for fiveyears from 1997?a) Government funding for research fell during that periodb) Funds were diverted during this period to agricultural mechanisationc) The private sector was not allowed to fund researchd) None of these

263. Which of the following is not true in the context of the passage?a) Agricultural status of China and India was equivalent a quarter of acentury agob) India’s current economic growth rate is half that of Chinac) China is traditionally an agrarian economyd) Agricultural research in India is inadequate


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Directions (Q. 264-271) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given.

It is difficult to imaginje the extraordinary number of controls on Indianindustry before 1991. Enterpreneurs needed permission to invest and could bepenalized for exceeding production capacity. Even with the given investmentcapacity they had, entering certain areas was prohibited as these were reserved forthe public sector. If they had to import anything, they required licences. To get theselicences was tough, they had to persuade a bureaucrat that the item was required buteven so permission was unvailable if somebody was already producing it in India.

The impact of the reforms was not instantaneously and permanentlywonderful. In India’s case it began to show after about a year and a half. After 1993there came three years of rapid industrial growth of about 8% or so. But, in thesecond half of the 90s, there had an impact on the Indian industry. But, in the lastfew years there has been a tremendous upturn. With the rise of investment industrialgrowth has reached double digits or close.

However, even during the period when industrial growth was not that rapid,there is a lot of evidence that positive results of the reforms were seen. There werecompanies that didn’t look at all internally but instead performed remarkably in thehighly competitive global market. For instance, the software sector’s performancewas ouotstanding in an almost totally global market. Reliance built a world classrefinery. Tatas developed an indigenously designed car. The success of the softwaresector has created much higher expectations from and much higher confidence inwhat Indian industry can do. On the government’s side it’s a vindication thatliberalization of both domestic and external policies, including the increased inflowof Foreign Direct Investment, has created an environment in which industry can dowell, has done well and is preparing to do even better. What they need is not sops,but good quality infrastructure. For the 11th plan an industrial growth rate of around12% is projected. It will have methods of developing infrastructure, which willclose the deficit. This can be done through increased investment in public sector forthose infrastructure areas, which cannot attract private investment, and throughefforts to improve private participation in different ways of public privateparticipation.

In the early stages of reforms, the liberalization of trade policies and a shiftto a market determined exchange rate had the effect of removing constrains onagriculture in terms of depressed prices. The removal of protection on industryhelped to produce a more level playing field, because the earlier system wasextremely unfair to agriculture. The lesson to be learnt from the reforms process isto persevere in reforming the strategic parts of the economy, which will lead to evenhigher growth rate. India has to do better than its current average growth rate of 8%and ensure that benefits from this higher growth go beyond industry and urban areasand extend to agriculture.

264. Which of the following factors was responsible for the fall inIndia’s growth rate in the late 1990s?


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a) The implementation of economic reforms was too rapidb) It was expected after achieving a high growth at 10%c) There was a slowdown in the global economyd) There were sanctions against East Asian countries by WTO

265. Which of the following can be said about the reforms of 1991?a) They benefited Indian industry immediatelyb) All Indian companies began to focus on indigenous development insteadof looking for opportunities abroadc) They were targeted only at the software sectord) They encouraged Foreign Direct Investment in India

266. What was the impact of the flourishing Indian software sector?a) Other companies were unable to be competitive in the global marketb) It fulled expectations of a good performance f rom the Indian economyc) Growth rate rose to 12%d) It created cut throat competition among software companies whichwould hinder the sector in the long run

267. Why was investment by private business disallowed in certainsectors?a) To ensure proper development in these sectorsb) To prevent corruption in key sectors like infrastructurec) To ensure steady not inconsistent growth in key sectorsd) To protect the interest of the public sector in these sectors

268. What is the author’s opinion about the government’s decision toliberalise the economy in 1991?a) It was beneficial because it created confidence in the Indian economyb) The timing was wrong since the economy experienced a slowdown ingrowth ratec) It led to a focus on software and other sectors were neglectedd) Foreign companies took advantage of the new policies and exploitedcertain sectors

269. How did software companies deal with slow industrial growth in anopen Indian economy?a) They focused on strengthening their position in the domestic marketb) They campaigned for infrastructure developmentc) They diversified into different sectorsd) They targeted global markets

270. What does the author recommend to ensure that the industrialsector continues to perform better?a) Subsidies should be provided in infrastructure development


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b) Government should keep control of and monitor all infrastructureprojectsc) Wipe out any infrastructure deficit by transferring respnsibility of theseprojects to the private sectord) Ensure a combination of public and private sector involvement indeveloping infrastructure

271. How did the economic reforms affect the agriculture sector?a) A system of market determined exchange rate was introducedb) Constraints in agriculture increasec) Prices were depressed because there was a removal of protection on thesectord) Agriculture growth rate doubled

Directions (Q. 272-279) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words are given in bold to help you locatethem while answering some of the questions.

Nobel Prize winner Joseph E. Stiglitz, described “globalisation as a doubleedged sword. For those willing to seize the opportunities and manage globalisationon their own terms, it has provided the basis of unprecedented growth.” Taking fulladvantage of globalisation India has managed a historically unprecedented growthrate for more than a decade and half. Following the Washington consensus in thelast quarter of 20th century, international institutions including the World Bank andthe International Monetary Fund mounted a sustained campaign to pushliberalisation of national economies and privatisation of their public sector.Empirical studies have amply demonstrated that the benefits of the globalisationhave not been shared by all the countries. Even in the same country, the benefitsarising out of globalisation have not filtered to the various strate of the populationand disparities have widened. Thus, there are transparent inequalities amongst thecountries as also within the same country. India is no exception to the latter. In mostof the poorer countries in Africa growth rates have not registered any improvementsand the number of people below poverty line has in some cases doubled. Moreoverthere is reluctance of developed countries in removing the trade distorting subsidiesin agriculture and giving duty-free market access to the least developed countrieswith very limited exportable products.

The issue is how has India reaped benefits of globalisation? To assume thateconomic, fiscal, trade and allied policies initiated by the government created anenvironment which facilitated economic advancement on these fronts will amountto manipulation of ground realities. The foremost factor which engineered thegrowth in India was emergence of a self-reliant middle class equipped with strongknowledge base with technical qualifications. They pursued innovative businessesrequiring managerial and technical skills in the upcoming sectors like informationtechnology and other allied fields. Instead of the traditional industry led growth pathfollowed by the west and other developing countries India opted for services-ledgrowth which had visible, tangible results. In the manufacturing sector,


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technological innovation, low-cost production, ability to quickly adapt to changes,establishing word class R and D facilities etc., greatly helped in successfullymeeting global competition. The automobile industry is a classic example, Strongpresence of non-resident Indians in the developed countries occupying seniormanagement positions in several multinational corporations built confidence inIndian managerial competence and leadership. This promoted MNCs’ networkingwith India (as also in China) with its expanding domestic market which in thepresent circumstances remained the only viable option for their sustained growth infuture. The success stories of businesses controlled by NRIs in the western marketsestablished India’s reputation as dependable and disciplined businessmen. Wellestablished democratic political framework, large young population ingrained withabsorption capaicty of new technologies have all created a responsive realisationthat India is marching ahead. The initiative largely of its private sector in expandingconnectivity by improved telecommunications, low-cost air transportation and vastpress, TV and other media penetration ignited awareness amongst all sections of itspeople of a bright future and thus radically changed their perception, thinking andactions. Furthermore the entire world took note of unexploited potentials of India inbecoming a competitive centre of excellence and cost efficiency.

272. According to the author, which of the following was primarilyresponsible for India’s growth?a) Well developed and implemented economic, fiscal and trade policiesb) Detailed microlevel analysis of the economyc) A workforce with managerial rather than technical qualificationd) None of these

273. What was the fallout of improvement in connectivity?a) Decline in travel by traditional modes like road and railb) Optimism was created among the Indian public about the future of theIndian economyc) Youth in urban areas m ainly benefited from the exposure to westernstyles of management and business.d) It made Indian entrepreneurs realise that they should concentrate ondomestic not global markets.

274. What does the example of the auto industry indicate?a) Indian cars were too expensive for the Indian market but werecompetitively priced for global markets.b) Investment by multinationals in Indian firms boosted the Indian autoindustry.c) Collaboration with foreign scientists reduced time needed for researchand developmentd) NRIs were responsible for the success of the automobile industry

275. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as theword given in bold as used in the passage.


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Mounteda) Increased b) Grew c) Organizedd) Climbed

276. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as theword given in bold as used in the passage.Tangiblea) Valuable b) Complex c) Touchd) Concrete

277. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as theword given in bold as used in the passage.Manipulationa) Distortion b) Calculation c) Utilisationd) Indication

278. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the wordgiven in bold as used in the passage.Viablea) Indirect b) Impractical c) Unsatisfiedd) Unpleasant

279. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the wordgiven in bold as used in the passage.Amplya) Slowly b) Intensively c) Leastd) Hardly

Directions (Q. 280-288) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestins given below it. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold tohelp you to locate them while answering some of the questions.

Rural India faces serious shortages – power, water, health facilities, roads,etc. these are known and recognized. However, the role of technology in solvingthese and other problems is barely acknowledged and the actual availability oftechnology in rural areas is marginal. The backbone of the rural economy isagriculture, which also provides sustenance to over half the country’s population.The ‘green revolution’ of the 1970s was, in fact, powered by the scientific work invarious agricultural research institutions. While some fault the green revolution forexcessive exploitation of water and land resources through overuse of fertilizers, itdid bring about a wheat surplus and prosperity in certain pockets of the country.

In rural India today, there is a dire inadequacy of both science (i.e.knowledge) and technology (which derives from science and manifsts itself inphysical form). The scope to apply technology to both farm and non-farm activitiesin rural areas is huge, as are the potential benefits. In fact, crop yields are far lowerthan what they are in demonstration farms, where science and technology are more


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fully applied. Technologies that redmuce power consumption of pumps are vital,unfortunately, their use is minimal, since agricultural power is free or largelysubsidized. Similarly, there is little incentive to optimise through technology orotherwise water use, especially in irrigated areas ( a third of total arable land), giventhe water rates, post harvest technologies for processing and adding value couldgreatly enhance rural employment and incomes but at present deployment oftechnology is marginal. Cold storage and cold chains for transportation to market isof great importance for many agricultural products particularly, fruits andvegetables, but are non-existent. These are clearly technologies with an immediatereturn on investment, and benefits for all, the farmer, the end consumer, thetechnology provider.

However, regulatory and structural barriers are holding back investments.Power is a key requirement in rural areas, for agricultural as well as

domestic uses. Technology can provide reliable power at comparatively low cost ina decentralized manner. However, this needs to be upgraded and scaled in a bigway, with emphasis on renewable and non-polluting technologies, Reliable and lowcost means of transporting goods and people is an essential need for rural areas. Thebullock-cart and the tractor-trailer are present vehicles of choice. Surely, technologycan provide a better, cheaper and more efficient solution? Information related tocommodity prices, agricultural practices, weather etc. are crucial for the farmer.Technology can provide these through mobile phones, which is a proven technologyhowever the challenge to ensure connectivity remains. Thus, there is a pressingneed for technology as currently economic growth though skewed and iniquitoushas created an economically attractive market in rural India.

280. Which of the following is not an impact of the green revolution?a) Over utilization of water resourcesb) Application of scientific research only in demonstration farmsc) Wealth creation restricted to creation areasd) Damage caused to land by inordinate use of fertilizers

281. Why is there no motivation to reduce power consumption?a) Freely available sources of energyb) Government will have to subsidise the cost of technology required toreduce power consumptionc) Power distribution has been decentralizedd) None of these

282. What effect will the implementation of post harvest technologiessuch as cold storages have?a) Regulatory procedures will have to be more stringent.b) Prices of commodities like fruits and vegetables will fall since there is nowastage from spoilagec) Incomes of rural population will falld) Pollution of the environment


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283. The author’s main objective in writing the passage is toa) Censure scientists for not undertaking researchb) Criticise farmers for not utilising experimental low cost post h arvestingtechnologyc) Exhort the government subsidise the cost of utilising technologyd) Advocate broadening the scope of research and use of technology inagriculture

284. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as theword printed in bold as used in the passage.Marginala) Austere b) Severe c) Detrimentald) Insignificant

285. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as theword printed in bold as used in the passage.Faulta) Defect b) Offend c) Imperfectd) Blame

286. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as theword printed in bold as used in the passage.Direa) Pessimistic b) Alarming c) Futiled) Frightened

287. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Potentiala) Unlikely b) Incapable c) Unabled) Ineffective

288. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Iniquitousa) Immoral b) Godly c) Victatiousd) Just

Directions (Q. 289-297) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words have been printed in bold to help youlocate them while answering some of the questions.

Giving loans to impoverished women to make ceramics or to farmers to buymilk cows were not seen as great business. Microfinance was an industrychampioned by antipoverty activists. Today it is on the verge of a revolution, withbillions of dollars from big banks, private equity shops and pension funds pouring


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in, driving growth of 30% to 40% this year alone. In 1998, a nonprofit microfinanceorganization in Peru, converted into a bank (called Mibanco). This demonstratedthat the poor are good risks who repay loans on time and getting them together, notonly chips away at poverty but also turns a profit. The success of Mibanco haspiqued the interest of commercial banks, which had previously shunned thecountry’s poor. Now big banks are going after Mibanco’s clients with low-rateloans and realising it takes special know how to work with the unbanked are hiringaway Mibanco’s staff.

But with the emergence of players who are only out for profit, microfinanceschemes could end up milking the poor. This could happen in countries wherelenders don’t have to disclose interest rates. When a Mexican microfinancier wentpublic, revealing its loans had rates of about 86% annually, the Consultative Groupto Assist the Poor criticised it for putting shareholders ahead of clients. The pressureto turn a profit also forces microfinanciers to change their business models in waysthat depart from the industry’s core mission, to help poor people lead better lives.Such shifts have caused the average loan size to triple. Moreover smaller loansbeing costlier to service, a lower percentage of loans go to women because theytend to take out smaller sums, According to CGAP, with the flood of new large entities there is the risk that a large percentage of cross border funds go to LatinAmerica and Eastern Europe, the World’s most developed microfinance markets.“The poorest of the World’s poor, who are predominantly in Asia and Africa get leftout,’ says the CEO of the nonprofit Grameen Foundation, which helps developmicrofinance institutions.

Segementing the industry, might be worthwhile if it allows more of the poorto get access to credit. Multinational corporations could take the top microfinanceinstitutions to the next level, and the remainder could be the responsibility ofdevelopment groups and regional banks. Yet making loans to poor people is hardlya poverty cure. Property rights and the rule of law matter too. One cannotoveridealize what microfinance alone can do. Most nonprofits started with lendingsimply because local laws prohibited nonbanks from offering deposit accounts.With an increase in competition and marketing efforts, poverty alleviation expertsare concerned that people will be talked into loans they wouldn’t otherwise want.For example, organisations like Mibanco are providing consumer loans. There isnothing wrong with buying. TVs and microwaves on credit, but certain markets,like Mexico, have been flooded w ith loans that have nothing to do with providingcapital to aspiring entrepreneurs just increasing household debt.

289. Why did most microfinance institutions initially provide only creditservices?a) They were unable to compete with the interest rates o ffered on depositsby commercial banksb) They have to operate purely on a nonprofit basisc) Government restrictions prevented them from offering additionalservicesd) To ensure the poor have access to modern necessities like microwaves


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290. What was the impact of the non-disclosure of their interest rates bylending institutions?a) The Government issued sanctions against such firmsb) Shareholders interests were not protectedc) More microfinance institutions were motivated to go publicd) The poor were exploited

291. What is CGAP’s fear with respect to new entities providingmicrofinance?a) NGOs will be unable to survive in an environment of cut throatcompetitionb) The poor will hesitate to take advantage of credit facilities because of theformalities involvedc) The poor in the developed world will be overlookedd) The interests of the most deserving among the poor will be neglected

292. What is the author’s opinion about the competition for customersamong microfinanciers?a) It benefits the poor by providing them with loans they would haveotherwise not had access tob) It is futile since the poor have to pay high rates of interest on propertyloansc) It is not beneficial since firms waste their profits on marketing rather thanhelping the poord) None of these

293. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Departa) Absent b) Retirement c) Divided) Vary

294. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Piqueda) Provoked b) Irritated c) Disturbd) Offended

295. Choose the word which is most similar in meaning to the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Vergea) Tend b) Crossroad c) Ascentd) Slope

296. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.


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Aspiringa) Uninterested b) Ungrateful c) Anxiousd) Miserable

297. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Corea) Clear b) Unnecessary c) Crustd) Besides


Sixty years after independence, India remains one of the unhealthiest placeson earth. Millions of people still suffer from disease that no longer exist almostanywhere else on the planet. What makes the picture even bleaker is the fact thatIndia’s economic boom has so far had, little impact on health standards. Between2001 and 2006 India’s economy grew almost 50%, the country’s biggest expansionin decades. Meantime, its child malnutrition rate, dropped just a single percentagepoint, to 46%. This is worse than in most African countries. The incredibleeconomic growth is having an impact in other ways by driving up rates or richworld diseases sch as obesity and encouraging high end health services, some ofwhich offer world class care but remain far beyond the reach of the vast majority ofIndians. The country brags about the skill of India’s world class doctors when itsmarketers sell India as a medical tourism destination and emerging health servicegiant. The truth behind the glossy advertising that : India is the sick man of Asia,malnourished and, beset by epidemics of AIDS and diabetes and with spendinglevels on public h ealth that even its Prime Minister has coinceded are seriouslylagging behind other developing countries in Asia.

Part of the reason for sorry state of India’s medical services is thecrumbling public health infrastructure not fancy hospitals or equipment but basicservices such as clean water, a functioning sewage system, power. The WorldHealth Organisation estimates that more than 900000 Indians die every year fromdrinking bad water and breathing bad air. Public health experts believe that India’svast population adds to the burden, overloading systems where they do exist andaiding the spread of disease in many places they don’t. Moreover, for the pastdecade or so, funding for preventive public health initiatives such as immunizationdrives and programmes to control the spread of communicable diseases has beencut. Experts also blame policies that concentrate on the latest scientific techniquesand not enough on basics for the fact that millions of people in India are sufferingand dying. Especially in rural India, health services are poor to non-existent.Current staff often doesn’t turn up for work, clinics are badly maintained and peopleend up seeking help from pharmacists who are not sufficiently trained. India needmore than a million more doctors and nurses. The government has also promisedmore money for rural health through its ambitious National Rural Health Mission.


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It will increase public health spending from the current 1% of India’s GDP to upto3% by 2010, but that’s still just half the rate at which countries with comparable percapita incomes such as Senegal and Mongolia fund their health sectors. If that is tochange, we must realise that the link between wealth and good health isn’t clear cut.Poor states that have made efforts in child immunization over the past few yearsnow have better coverage than richr states, where immunization has actuallyslipped.

India needs to stop being complacent and prepare to spend on health butwhenever it is mentioned there is always this debate about cost. Why don’t we havethe same debate when we spend tens of billions on new arms? It’s hard to be aneconomic superpower if you’re too sick to work.

298. What can be inferred from the statistics given for 2001-2006?a) India has made strides in reducing its malnutrition rateb) During this period India managed to achieve a growth rate equivalent tothat of developed countriesc) India managed to achieve high standards both in economic growth and inhealthcared) Though India achieved a high economic growth rate this did notpositively impact the healthcare sector to a great extent

299. What is the author’s main objective in writing the passage?a) Comparing India and Africa in terms of economic growthb) Cautioning India to improve its healthcare systemc) Exhorting India to have higher growth rate which will benefit thehealthcare sectord) Criticising medical practitioners for their lack of concern for the healthof the weaker sections of society

300. Which of the following cannot be seen as a cause for the state ofIndia’s healthcare system?a) Vast populationb) Lack of basic services like water, power etc.c) Inadequate waste management facilitiesd) Lack of funding from the World Health Organisation

301. Choose the word /phrase which is most nearly the same in meaningas the word printed in bold as used in the passage.Sorrya) Forgiveness b) Apology c) Repentantd) Miserable

302. Choose the word /phrase which is most nearly the same in meaningas the word printed in bold as used in the passage.Complacenta) Pleasing b) Self satisfied c) Conforming


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d) Willing

303. Choose the word /phrase which is most nearly the same in meaningas the word printed in bold as used in the passage.Reacha) Extend b) Span c) Graspd) Distance

304. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Bleakera) Hopeful b) Warm c) Cozyd) Sheltered

305. Choose the word which is most opposite in meaning of the wordprinted in bold as used in the passage.Non-existenta) Hypothetical b) Active c) Realisticd) Available

Directions (Q. 306-313) Read the following passage carefully and answer thequestions given below it. Certain words are given in bold in the passage to helpyou to locate them while answering some of the questions.

It is difficult to compare countries because various factors such as size,culture, history, geography, natural endowments, geopolitics and internal politycomes into play. There are some goals which can be achieved by smaller countries,but sometimes smaller countries find it difficult to mbark upon certain bigtechnological plans even if they have the funds, because the size of the domesticmarket is too small. If we consider the bigger countries, the closest comparison toIndia is China, though there are many crucial differences.

The Chinese vision is to prepare the country for entry into the ranks of midlevel developed nations by the middle of the twenty first century. Acceleration ofthe nation’s economic growth and social development by relying on advances inscience and technology is pivotal in this.

Documents describing the Chinese vision state that science and technologyconstitute premier productive forces and represent a great revolutionary power thatcan propel economic and social development. It is interesting to note that the mainlessons the Chinese have drawn from their past performance is their failure topromote science and technology as strategic tools for empowerment. They alsopoint to the absence of mechanisms and motivations in their economic activity topromote dependence on science and technology. Similarly, they hold that theirscientific and technological efforts were not oriented towards economic growth. Asa consequence they conclude, a large number of scientific and technologicalachievements were not converted into productive forces as they were too farremoved from China’s immediate economic and social needs. The Chinese vision is


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therefore aimed at exploiting state of art science and technology to enhance thenation’s overall power and strength, to improve the people’s living standards, tofocus on resolving problems encountered in large scale industrial and agriculturalproduction and to effectively control and alleviate pressures brought on bypopulation, resources and the environment. By the year 2000, China had aimed atbringing the main industrial sectors upto the technological levels achieved by thedeveloped countries in the 1970s or 80s, and by 2020 to the level they would haveattained by the early twenty first century. The aim is to bridge the overall gap withthe advanced World. There is a speci al emphasis on research and development ofhigh technologies that would find defence applications. Some of these technologiesare critical for improving the features of key conventional weapons. Sometechnologies are meant for enhancing futur military capab ilities. Other efforts areaimed at maintaining the momentum to develop capabilities for cutting edgedefence technologies. They call for unremitting efforts in this regard with the aim ofmaintaining effective self defence and nuclear deterrent capabilities and to enableparity in defence, science and technology with the advanced world.

306. Why can’t smaller countries take up big technological planning?a) They have other goials to achieveb) They have smaller domestic market sizec) Smaller countries lack technological know howd) Bigger countries do not permit them to do so

307. What is the goal of China to be accomplished by the middle of 21st

Century?a) To become one of the most developed nationsb) To surpass the level of all middle level developed nations by a goodmarginc) To be the most influential super powerd) None of these

308. What according to the Chinese vision can boost socio-economicdevelopment?a) Science and technologyb) Minds united with revolutionary powersc) Premier productive forcesd) A vision which propels development

309. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as theword given in bold as used in the passage.Endowmentsa) Powers b) Measures c) Habitatsd) Gifts

310. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as theword given in bold as used in the passage.


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Orienteda) Stated b) Tempting c) Decidingd) Leaning

311. Choose the word which is most nearly the same in meaning as theword given in bold as used in the passage.Conventionala) Functional b) Activist c) Deliberated) Traditional

312. Choose the word which is opposite in meaning of the word given inbold as used in the passage.Cruciala) Central b) Trivial c) Decisived) Fundamental

313. Choose the word which is opposite in meaning of the word given inbold as used in the passage.Paritya) Impropriety b) Impartiality c) Inequalityd) Inauspicious

Directions (Q. 314-317) In the sentence below, a word is printed in bold. Belowthe sentence, five words /group of words are suggested, one of which canreplace the bold word, without changing the meaning of the sentence. Find outthe appropriate word/group of words in each case.

314. If you familiarize yourself with the culture of that area, you will beable to enjoy life there.a) Submit b) Acquaint c) Associated) Look after

315. For such a gigantic task, there should be some special task force.a) Trivial b) Important c) Huged) Gallantry

316. If you are required to handle things under stress, mistakes areinevitable.a) Correctable b) Detectable c) Unpardonabled) Unavoidable

317. People who trespass this gate will be fined.a) Cross without permissionb) Climb up and cross overc) Break unlawfullyd) Pass on


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Directions (Q. 318-322) Below the four words are given. One of these fourwords may be wrongly spelt. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt, if thereis any. The number of that word is your answer. If all the words are correctlyspelt mark All correct as the answer.

318. Below the four words are given. One of these four words may bewrongly spelt. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt, if there is any. Thenumber of that word is your answer. If all the words are correctly speltmark All correct as the answer.a) Adventure b) Demonstration c) Environmentd) Innosent

319. Below the four words are given. One of these four words may bewrongly spelt. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt, if there is any. Thenumber of that word is your answer. If all the words are correctly speltmark All correct as the answer.a) Limitasion b) Dependable c) Miniatured) Qualitative

320. Below the four words are given. One of these four words may bewrongly spelt. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt, if there is any. Thenumber of that word is your answer. If all the words are correctly speltmark All correct as the answer.a) Lucrative b) Ancestral c) Performansed) Incidentally

321. Below the four words are given. One of these four words may bewrongly spelt. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt, if there is any. Thenumber of that word is your answer. If all the words are correctly speltmark All correct as the answer.a) Futility b) Separasion c) Embarrassmentd) Positively

322. Below the four words are given. One of these four words may bewrongly spelt. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt, if there is any. Thenumber of that word is your answer. If all the words are correctly speltmark All correct as the answer.a) Tournament b) Enhancement c) Amazinglyd) All are correct

Directions (Q. 323-326) In the following sentence, an idiomatic expression or aproverb is highlighted. Select the alternative which best describes its use in thesentence.


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323. Mrs.Nayak opened the discussion on the alarming rate of povertyin India.a) Started the discussionb) Gave her opinion in the discussionc) Did not agree on the discussiond) Welcomed the people to the discussion

324. The course of events made it necessary for Joseph to start working.a) Events that were plannedb) Long list of future eventsc) A succession of unexpected eventsd) Nature of events that followed after Joseph joined work

325. The new law on 'Right to Food Safety' will come into force nextmonth.a) Be forced upon the peopleb) Be associated from next month onwardsc) Be implemented next monthd) Be withdrawn next month

326. When the girl wanted to stay out past midnight, her father put hisfoot down.a) Gave in to her requestb) Walked away disapprovinglyc) Obstructed her from leaving the housed) Requested her to be home on time

Directions (Q. 327-331) Which of the phrases given below should be replacedthe phrase given in bold in the sentence to make the sentence grammaticallymeaningful and correct?

327. There are lot many opportunities for young IT graduates today.a) Lot many ofb) Very many ofc) Lots ofd) No correct required

328. Along the course off his carrer, he has established a reputation forefficiency.a) In the course offb) During the course ofc) While the course ofd) No correct required

329. It is much likely his train has been delayed due to bad weather.a) Quite likely that


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b) Mostly like thatc) Much likely thatd) No correct required

330. He answered every question put on him frankly.a) Put for himb) Put to himc) Put by himselfd) Putting on him

331. The engineers have been working overtime, but have been not ableto locate the fault.a) Have not been unableb) Are not unablec) Have been unabled) No correct required

Directions (Q. 332-335) Choose the word/group of words which is most similarin meaning to the word /group of words printed in bold

332. Gallopeda) Hurtled b) Stumbled c) Slumberedd) Jumped

333. Revereda) Remembered b) Feared c) Talkedd) Respected

334. Reveala) Stop b) Conceal c) Presentd) Pending

335. Elateda) Afraid b) Door c) Happyd) Depressed

Answers:1. Option D2. Option D3. Option C4. Option E5. Option C6. Option B7. Option A8. Option A


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9. Option E10. Option E11. Option C12. Option B13. Option B14. Option A15. Option B16. Option A17. Option B18. Option A19. Option E20. Option C21. Option C22. Option D23. Option C24. Option B25. Option A26. Option D27. Option A28. Option B29. Option E30. Option B31. Option A32. Option D33. Option C34. Option D35. Option A36. Option E37. Option B38. Option B39. Option A40. Option D41. Option D42. Option B43. Option E44. Option B45. Option E46. Option D47. Option E48. Option B49. Option C50. Option A51. Option B52. Option E53. Option C54. Option D


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55. Option B56. Option A57. Option E58. Option E59. Option C60. Option B61. Option B62. Option C63. Option E64. Option D65. Option B66. Option D67. Option A68. Option B69. Option A70. Option D71. Option D72. Option C73. Option C74. Option B75. Option D76. Option C77. Option B78. Option D79. Option D80. Option C81. Option D82. Option A83. Option B84. Option D85. Option D86. Option D87. Option D88. Option B89. Option D90. Option D91. Option C92. Option A93. Option A94. Option B95. Option B96. Option A97. Option A98. Option C99. Option D100. Option C


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101. Option D102. Option D103. Option A104. Option D105. Option B106. Option C107. Option A108. Option C109. Option D110. Option B111. Option D112. Option D113. Option D114. Option B115. Option C116. Option B117. Option D118. Option A119. Option C120. Option D121. Option C122. Option D123. Option B124. Option B125. Option C126. Option A127. Option C128. Option D129. Option D130. Option A131. Option C132. Option D133. Option C134. Option B135. Option C136. Option B137. Option C138. Option D139. Option B140. Option D141. Option D142. Option C143. Option D144. Option D145. Option C146. Option A


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147. Option B148. Option D149. Option D150. Option D151. Option D152. Option D153. Option D154. Option B155. Option B156. Option D157. Option D158. Option D159. Option C160. Option D161. Option A162. Option B163. Option A164. Option B165. Option B166. Option B167. Option D168. Option D169. Option D170. Option A171. Option C172. Option D173. Option D174. Option D175. Option D176. Option B177. Option C178. Option D179. Option A180. Option A181. Option D182. Option C183. Option D184. Option D185. Option D186. Option B187. Option D188. Option A189. Option A190. Option D191. Option B192. Option C


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193. Option A194. Option D195. Option B196. Option D197. Option B198. Option C199. Option A200. Option C201. Option D202. Option D203. Option D204. Option D205. Option D206. Option B207. Option A208. Option D209. Option B210. Option A211. Option A212. Option C213. Option A214. Option C215. Option D216. Option C217. Option D218. Option B219. Option D220. Option D221. Option D222. Option C223. Option C224. Option D225. Option D226. Option B227. Option C228. Option C229. Option A230. Option C231. Option B232. Option C233. Option D234. Option A235. Option B236. Option D237. Option C238. Option A


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239. Option D240. Option D241. Option D242. Option C243. Option C244. Option C245. Option A246. Option B247. Option B248. Option B249. Option B250. Option D251. Option B252. Option C253. Option A254. Option B255. Option D256. Option A257. Option B258. Option D259. Option C260. Option D261. Option C262. Option D263. Option C264. Option C265. Option D266. Option B267. Option D268. Option A269. Option D270. Option D271. Option A272. Option D273. Option B274. Option D275. Option C276. Option D277. Option A278. Option B279. Option C280. Option B281. Option D282. Option B283. Option D284. Option D


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285. Option D286. Option B287. Option A288. Option D289. Option C290. Option D291. Option D292. Option D293. Option D294. Option C295. Option D296. Option C297. Option C298. Option D299. Option B300. Option D301. Option D302. Option B303. Option C304. Option A305. Option C306. Option B307. Option D308. Option A309. Option D310. Option D311. Option D312. Option B313. Option A314. Option B315. Option C316. Option D317. Option A318. Option D319. Option A320. Option C321. Option B322. Option D323. Option A324. Option C325. Option C326. Option C327. Option C328. Option B329. Option A330. Option B


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331. Option C332. Option A333. Option D334. Option B335. Option D


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Chapter – 2

Antonyms

Absence PresenceAbundant ScarceAccept RefuseAccurate InaccurateAdmit DenyAdvance Retreat, RetireAdvantage DisadvantageAgree DisagreeAlive DeadAlly EnemyAlways NeverAncient ModernAnswer Question, QueryApproached Receded, DepartedApproval DisapprovalArrival DepartureArtificial NaturalAscend DescendAsleep AwakeAttack DefenceAttention InattentionAttractive RepulsiveBackward Forward, OnwardBad GoodBeautiful UglyBeginning EndingBelow AboveBend StraightenBest WorstBetter WorseBig Small, LittleBitter SweetBlame PraiseBless CurseBlunt SharpBold Timid, MeekBorrow LendBravery CowardiceBright DullBroad NarrowBuild Destroy, Demolish


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Calm TroubledCapable IncapableCaptivity Freedom, LibertyCareful Rush, CarelessCellar AtticCheap Dear, ExpensiveClear Vague, CloudyClever StupidClockwise Anti-clockwiseClose DistantCold HotCombine SeparateCome GoComfort DiscomfortCommon RareConceal RevealCorrect IncorrectCourage CowardiceCourteous Discourteous, RudeCruel KindCunning SimpleDainty ClumsyDanger SafetyDark LightDecrease IncreaseDeep ShallowDefinite IndefiniteDemand SupplyDespair HopeDisappear AppearDiscourage EncourageDisease HealthDismal CheerfulDoctor PatientDry WetDull Clear, BrightDusk DawnEarly LateEast WestEasy DifficultEbb FlowEconomise WasteEmployer EmployeeEmpty FullEncourage DiscourageEntrance Exit


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Excited CalmExpensive Inexpensive, CheapExport ImportExterior InteriorExternal InternalFail SucceedFalse TrueFamous UnknownFast SlowFat ThinFeeble Sturdy, Strong, PowerfulFew ManyFind LoseFirst LastFold UnfoldFoolish WiseForelegs HindlegsForget RememberFortunate UnfortunateFound LostFrank SecretiveFreedom CaptivityFrequent SeldomFresh StaleFull EmptyGather DistributeGenerous MeanGentle RoughGiant Dwarf, PygmyGlad SorryGloomy CheerfulGranted RefusedGreat Minute, Small, LittleGuardian WardGuest HostGuilty InnocentHarmful HarmlessHasten DawdleHate LoveHealthy UnhealthyHeavy LightHere ThereHero CowardHill ValleyHinder Aid, HelpHonest Dishonest


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Horizontal VerticalHumble ProudHunger ThirstImitation GenuineImmense Tiny, MinuteImprison FreeInclude ExcludeInferior SuperiorInhabited UninhabitedInhale ExhaleInside OutsideIntelligent Unintelligent, StupidIntentional AccidentalInteresting Uninteresting, DullInterior Exterior, OutsideInternal ExternalJoin SeparateJunior SeniorJunstice InjusticeKnowledge IgnoranceLand SeaLandlord TenantLarge Little, SmallLast FirstLaugh CryLawful UnlawfulLazy EnergeticLeader FollowerLecturer StudentLeft RightLender BorrowerLengthen ShortenLess MoreLight Dark, HeavyLike Dislike, UnlikeLikely UnlikelyLoyal DisloyalMad SaneMagnetize DemegnetizeMaster ServantMature ImmatureMaximum MinimumMinority MajorityMiser SpendthriftMisunderstand UnderstandNoisy Quiet


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Odd EvenOffer RefuseOpen ShutOptimist PessimistParent ChildPast PresentPatient ImpatientPeace WarPermanent TemporaryPlease DispleasePlentiful ScarcePoetry ProsePossible ImpossiblePoverty WealthPowerful Feeble, WeakPrivate PublicPrudent ImprudentRapid SlowRegularly IrregularlyRich PoorRigid Pliable, SoftRough SmoothSatisfactory UnsatisfactoryScatter CollectSecond-hand NewSecurity InsecuritySense Non-senseSerious TrivialShopkeeper CustomerSimple ComplicatedSingular PluralSlim Thick, StoutSober DrunkSolid LiquidSour SweetSpeaker ListenerStraight CrookedSunny CloudyVacant OccupiedValuable ValuelessVictory DefeatVirtue ViceVisible InvisibleVoluntary CompulsoryVowel ConsonantWax Wane


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Wisdom FollyWithin Without


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Chapter – 3

Synonms

About ApproximatelyAbstract SummaryTo accomplish To achieveTo accumulate To build upTo administer To manageAlmost NearlyAnimated LivelyTo annoy To irritate, to botherTo answer To replyAnyway BesidesApparent ObviousTo appear To seemApplicable RelevantAppreciable ConsiderableArdour PassionArise OccurAromatic FragrantTo arrive To reachArtful CraftyAssociation OrganizationTo assure To guaranteeAttractive AppealingBackbone SpineBackside Behind, BottomBad Poor, NaughtyBallot PollTo beat To defeatTo behave To actBelievable PlausibleBendy FlexibleBeneficiant GenerousBeneficial FavourableBid TenderBlameless InnocentBloodbath MassacreBloodless ColdBranch DepartmentBrave CourageousBrow ForeheadBum Backside, Behind, BottomBusiness Commerce, Trade


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To categorize To classifyCharter ConstitutionCheesy Corny, TackyTo chop To cutChorus RefrainCitation QuotationTo cite To quoteClass Lesson, CourseClerk ReceptionistClever IntelligentTo close To shutCoiffure HairstyleTo collapse To break downTo collect To gatherComfort ConsolationComic ComedianCommencement GraduationComplete TotalConcord HarmonyTo condemn To sentenceConfederate AccompliceTo confine To restrictConflict ClashTo conform To complyTo confuse To mix upTo connect To associateConsiderate ThoughtfulConstancy FidelityConstant FixedConstitution StructureConstruction InterpretationTo consult To refer toContemporary ModernContinuous ContinualContrary OppositeConvention ConferenceTo convey To communicateTo cope To manageCorrect RightCouch SofaCrook CriminalCrusade CampaignCube DiceCurative HealingCurler RollerCussed Stubborn


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Dash SprintDaybreak DawnDeceptive MisleadingDecontrol DeregulateDedicated CommittedTo deduce To inferDefective FaultyDeliberate PlannedDeliberately IntentionallyDelicate FragileTo demostrate To protestDenims JeansTo denote To indicateTo deprave To corruptDepraved WickedTo desert To abandonDeserted AbandonedDestiny FateDetached IndifferentDevil SatanDicy RiskyTo differentiate To distinguishTo diminish To decreaseDisadvantaged DeprivedDisagreeable UnpleasantTo disappear To vanishDisaster CatastropheTo disclaim To denyTo disclose To revealDiscount ReductionDisgrace ShameDomesticate CultivateDossier FileDubious DoubtfulDull StupidEager KeenEarth SoilEconomic ProfitableEgocentric SelfishTo elevate To raiseTo encounter To come acrossTo enquire To investigateEquity FairnessEspecially ParticularlyEssential FundamentalTo establish To set up


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To evaluate To assessEverlasting EternalExactly PreciselyExcept Apart fromTo expire To run outTo explode To blow upExtra AdditionalTo Fabricate To manufactureFamous RenownedFanatic EnthusiastFantastic Great, BrilliantTo float To driftFool IdiotFoolish SillyTo foretell To predictFormerly PreviouslyFortunate LuckyFoxy CunningFoyer LobbyFragrance PerfumeFrench dressing vinaigretteTo function To operateGarbage RubbishGay HomosexualTo glitter To sparkleTo grab To seizeGrasping GreedyGratis Free of chargeGratuity TipGravestone HeadstoneTo grouse to grumbleGut IntestineHall CorridorHang-out HauntHappily FortunatelyHard ToughHashish CannabisTo hawk To peddleTo hazard To endangerHearsay RumourHermetic AirtightHighbrow IntellectualHint TraceHole GapHome DomesticHomicide Murder


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Hunger StarvationTo hurry To rushHypothesis SpeculationIf WhetherTo ignore To disregardIlliberal IntolerantTo illuminate To clarifyTo illustrate To demonstrateTo imagine To supposeTo imitate To mimicImmediate InstantImmobile MotionlessImmoderate ExcessiveImmodest ConceitedTo impact To affectImpartial NeutralImpasse DeadlockImpassive EmotionlessTo impeach To questionImpediment ObstacleImperative VitalImpolite RudeIncidentally By the wayInconsiderate ThoughtlessIndisputable IndeniableInfamous NotoriousInfantile ChildishTo infect To contaminateInflexible RigidInflow InfluxInformal CasualInfrequent RareInheritor HeirInnocent HarmlessInsolvent BancruptTo inspect To examineInstruction DirectionInsufferable UnbearableInsufficient InadequateInsupportable IntolerableInsurgent RebelIntellectual MentalTo intend To meanTo intensify To heightenInterplay InteractionInventory Stock


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Invoice BillJealous EnviousJoy DelightKnowingly DeliberatelyLacking MissingLast FinalLeading MainTo learn To memorizeLegitimate ValidLethal DeadlyLiveable HabitableLoopy CrazyLucid ClearMadness InsanityMagican ConjurorMagistrate Justice of the PeaceTo magnify To exaggerateTo maintain To preserveMannequin ModelMaterial FabricMatters ThingsMay be PerhapsIn the meantime MeanwhileMeasure DegreeMeeting AssemblyMendacity LyingMerciless CruelMiddleman IntermediaryMidway HalfwayTo migrate EmigrateMild GentleTo mimic To imitateMind IntellectMindless SenselessTo minimize To play downTo mirror To reflectTo misconceive To misunderstandMiserable DepressingMisery DistressMisread MisinterpretMissing LostMistrust DistrustModerately ReasonablyModern ContemporaryMore and More IncreasinglyMoreover In addition


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Movie FilmMurderer AssassinNaked BareNameless AnonymousNapkin ServoetteTo narrate To relateA narrative A storyA native A localTo near To approachNecessary EssentialNightfall DuskNobility AristocracyTo nominate To appointNon-stop ContinuousNoon MiddayNoted FamousTo notify To informNotwithstanding howeverNugatory WorthlessNumerous ManyObdurate StubbornObject ThingObligatory CompulsoryOblique IndirectObsolete Out of dateTo operate To functionOrganic BiologicalOrnament DecorationOutside ExternalTo overhaul To overtakeTo overlook To missOverseas AbroadTo oversee To supervisePainting PortrayPaper money NotesParticular SpecificPassable SatisfactoryPattern SamplePeaceable PeacefulPerception InsightPhantasm IllusionPoisonous ToxicPossibility OpportunityPost-mortem AutopsyPractically VirtuallyPraise Compliment


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Precedence PriorityPrecept PrinciplePrecis SummaryPressing UrgentPrevious PrecedingPrompt ImmediateProsperous AffluentTo provide To supplyTo quake To trembleQuite FairlyReasonable FairTo receive To getRefrain ChorusReliable DependableReligious DevoutRemainder RestRemark CommentReminiscence MemoryRemorse RegretRemoted IsolatedRemovable DetachableTo renew To resumeTo renounce To give upRepute ReputationTo respond To replyRevolting DisgustingRubbish NonsenseRude ImpoliteSacristy VestrySatisfied ConvincedScarcity ShortageScrumptious DeliciousSecond MomentTo select To chooseSelection ChoiceSelf-assured ConfidentSignal SignSignificant MeaningfulSilly FoolishSincere HonestSkull CraniumSoiled DirtySpotlight HighlightSubstantially ConsiderablySuggest ProposeSure Certain


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Surroundings EnvironmentTo survive To outliveTo symbolize To representTemper MoodTerror TerrorismTestament TestamonyToday NowadaysTorpid LethargicTouchy SensitiveTo transform To convertTransitority TemporaryTransparent ObviousTrustworthy ReliableTwister TornadoTwosome PairUltimate FinalUncommon UnusualUncooked RawUndeniable IndisputableUnforeseen UnexpectedUnfortunate UnluckyUnhurt UnharmedUninjured UnhurtUnlawful IllegalUnmarried SingleUnstated UnspokenUntimely PrematureUntrue UnfaithfulUnvoiced VoicelessUprising RebellionUsually GenerallyVacancy EmptinessTo vacuum To hooverVague IndistinctVain UselessValueless WorthlessTo vanquish To conquerTo vary To differVast HugeVirtue AdvantageTo visualize To imagineWarrantly GuaranteeWell mannered PoliteWell timed TimelyWinery VineyeardTo withstand To resist


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Zenith Peak


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Chapter – 4

Sentence Arrangements

Directions (Q. 1-5): Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E)and (F) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and thenanswer the questions given below.

A. The researchers in these companies claim that they could do better byallowing their employees to doze off at work place.

B. The dreams, while at work, are thus helpful to solve crucial problems.C. Would you believe that some UK based companies are arranging for bed at

the work place?D. The reason, they claim, could be that dreams produce creative solutions.E. We only hope that these crucial problems in UK are different from those of

ours.F. But it is true and is considered as a step to improve quality of their

products.1. Which of the following should be the First sentence after rearrangement?

a) A b) B c) Cd) D

2. Which of the following should be the Third sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D

3. Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D

4. Which of the following should be the Fifth sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D

5. Which of the following should be the Sixth sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) E

Directions (Q. 6-10): Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D),(E) and (F) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and thenanswer the questions given below.

A. The reasons for their happiness was that they had come to the Vithal templeof Pandharpur to see their beloved Lord.

B. There were rich, poor men, women, children, blind, handicapped amongthem.

C. They were all in a very happy state of mind, as was apparent from theirglowing faces.


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D. They would worship and seek the Divine blessings while in Pandharpur.E. It was an auspicious day and many people had assembled in the temple.F. Though different there was one commonality among.6. Which of the following should be the Fourth statement after rearrangement?

a) A b) B c) Cd) D

7. Which of the following should be the Fifth statement after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D

8. Which of the following should be the Sixth statement after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D

9. Which of the following should be the First statement after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) E

10. Which of the following should be the Second statement afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D


A. Besides, they get a lot of exposure to novel things through media.B. Therefore, their mental development did not show any extraordinary signs.C. Children of the present generation appear to be smarter than their earlier

counterparts.D. Thus, the environment of present days has brought out these changes.E. This is probably because there are lots of opportunities for their indirect

learning.F. Children of yester years did not have these facilities.11. Which of the following will be the Third sentence after rearrangement?

a) A b) B c) Cd) D

12. Which of the following will be the First sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D

13. Which of the following will be the Sixth sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D


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14. Which of the following will be the Second sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) E

15. Which of the following will be the Fifth sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D


(A) Special care needs to be taken to reform the other State taxes, viz stateexcise, motor vehicles tax, passengers and goods tax, and stamp duty andregistration fee.

(B) The introduction of GST in the indirect tax system of the Union and theState Governments and the DTC in the direct taxes of the UnionGovernment will help establish an economically efficient, cost-effectiveand transparent tax system.

(C) That would make the Indian tax system suitable for taking the countrytowards a new horizon of future growth and prosperity.

(D) It would make the Indian tax payer competitive at home as well as in theinternational market.

(E) Also, the other taxes at the state level need to be further reformed.(F) It is, however, important to remove the bumps and road blocks in its

introduction.

16. Which of the following should be the FIRST sentence after rearrangement?a) F b) E c) Bd) A e) C

17. Which of the following should be the SECOND sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) E e) D

18. Which of the following should be the THIRD sentence afterrearrangement?a) E b) F c) Dd) C e) B

19. Which of the following should be the FOURTH sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) D c) Fd) E e) C


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20. Which of the following should be the LAST (SIXTH) sentence afterrearrangement?a) C b) A c) Bd) D e) F


A. With all the bid information being available and tracked online, corruptionhas Considerably reduced.

B. Today, most i.e., over 95% household, in the city enjoy broad bandconnection.

C. All city contracts are now bid for online.D. Over 20 years ago the City Government, Central Government and the

Private Sector made a concerned effort to shift the economy to include IT.E. As our cities to expand and become more complex, such a system will

make Governance more manageable.F. This level of connectedness has changed not only the city’s economy, but

also how it is governed and how business is conducted.

21. Which of the following should be the First sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E

22. Which of the following should be the Second sentence after rearrangment?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) F

23. Which of the following should be the Third sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) C c) Dd) E e) F

24. Which of the following should be the Fifth sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E

25. Which of the following should be the Last (Sixth) sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) C c) Dd) E e) F



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A. While these disadvantages of biofuels are serious, they are the onlyalternate energy source of the future and the sooner we find solutions tothese problems the faster we will be able to solve the problems we are nowfacing with gasoline.

B. This fuel can also help to stimulate jobs locally since they are also muchsafer to handle than gasoline and can thus have the potential to turnaround aglobal economy.

C. These include dependence on fossil fuels for the machinery required toproduce biofuel which ends up polluting as much as the burning of fossilfuels on roads and exorbitant cost of biofuels which makes it very difficultfor the common man to switch to this option.

D. This turnaround can potentially help to bring World peace and end the needto depend on foreign countries for energy requirements.

E. Biofuels are made from pnlant sources and since these sources are availablein abundance and can be reproduced on a massive scale they form anenergy source that is potentially unlimited.

F. However, everything is not as green with the biofuels as it seems as thereare numerous disadvantages involved which at times overshadow theirpositive impact.

26. Which of the following sentence should be the Third sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E

27. Which of the following sentence shouldbe the Fifth sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) E e) F

28. Which of the following sentence should be the Sixth (Last) sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) C c) Dd) E e) F

29. Which of the following sentence should be the Second after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Dd) E e) F

30. Which of the following sentence should be the First sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E


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A. According to it, organized retail stores are not wolves at the doors offriendly neighbourhood grocery stores as there is room for expansion ofboth.

B. Many have been crying foul over the entry of organized retail storesexpressing concern over their impact on small store owners.

C. The final winner in the competition, however, is the common man who getsto choose between the most suitable options and in turn fights with therunaway inflation in prices of essential commodities.

D. In spite of this potential for expansion, it is doubtless that the small storeownes face a decline in profit in initial years if organized retailers set upstores in the vicinity.

E. But a study conducted over a period of two years goes a long way towardsallying these fears.

F. This impact, however, wears off once they learn to take on the competitionwhich in turn enhances efficiency all around.


32. Which of the following sentence should be the Second after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) E e) F

33. Which of the following should be Third sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) E c) Dd) F e) C

34. Which of the following sentence should be the Fifth after rearrangement?a) D b) B c) Cd) E e) F

35. Which of the following should be the Sixth (Last) sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) E e) F



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A. However if this happens it will cause problems for the elderly who mainlyuse cheques.

B. The use of cheques has fallen dramatically in the past few years.C. Thus cheques may be phased out gradually making sure that the needs of all

consumers including the elderly are met.D. This is because mor ena dmore consumer are transfering money

electronically by direct debit or credit cards.E. Without cheques they are likely to keep large amounts of cash in their

homes making them vulnerable to theft.F. British banks have thus voted to phase cheques out in favour of these more

modern payment methods.


37. Which of the following should be the First sentence after rearrangement?a) B b) C d) Dd) E e) F

38. Which of the following should be the Second sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) F


40. Which of the following should be the Third sentence after rearrangement?a) B b) C c) Dd) E e) F


A. However, many people may not be aware of the njmerous other areas whereit has been applied.

B. Today, even, those who have little knowledge about the production ofvirtual reality are now most likely aware of its use in video games.

C. Similarly, medical students have substituted a cadaver for a fibeglass mouldof a body and a headset when training to perform surgery.

D. Virtual reality was an unfamiliar concept to many people till the early 90’s.E. Introducing virtual reality to the real World, thus, has already proven to be

beneficial for every industry it encounters.


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F. For example, astronaut trainees have recently used virtual reality tosimulate to trip to space.

41. Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence after rearrangement?a) E b) F c) Ad) D e) B


43. Which of the following should be the Last (Sixth) sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E

44. Which of the following should be the Second sentence after rearrangement?a) B b) C c) Dd) E e) F



A. If tomorrow’s children meet these two crucial criteria they are likely tohave the opportunity both to pursue work to fulfil their dreams and make animpact on the World around.

B. In the 21st Century however this no longer holds true as the expectations oforganizations have changed.

C. The concept of the job in the 20th Century was often equaated with toil.D. In order to meet these changed expectations employees need commitment

and access to continuous learning.E. Jobs were acquired, learned and performed until retirement and did not

have to be rewarding.F. They demand more creativity and expertise and want employees to be

responsible for both outputs and outcomes.


47. Which of the following should be the Second sentence after rearrangement?


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a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E

48. Which of the following should be the Third sentence after rearrangement?a) B b) C c) Dd) E e) F

49. Which of the following should be the Fifth sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) F

50. Which of the following should be the Last (Sixth) sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) F


A. This decision on which force is to be maximised lies with every individual.B. This belief comes from the fact that science reflects the social forces

prevailing at a particular time.C. We must maximise the constructive forces of science and the destructive

ones should be minimised.D. Contrary to popular belief, the greatest enemy of mankind is not science but

war.E. She/he must understand that science can only help us in providing ways to

reach at either war or peace and is actually not responsible for causingthese.

F. During peaceful times science is constructive and during war, science isperverted to destructive ends.

51. Which of the following sentence should be the Sixth (Last) afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E

52. Which of the following sentence should be the Third after rearrangement?a) A b) E c) Fd) D e) C

53. Which of the following sentence should be the Fifth after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) E e) F


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54. Which of the following sentence should be the First after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E

55. Which of the following sentence should be the Second after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Dd) E e) F


A. Voluntary measures such as codes of conduct have failed to address theseissues and deliver change.

B. However they can also cause serious problems with their irresponsiblebehaviour.

C. Companies are a powerful force for good.D. There are several instances of companies undermining worker’s rights and

damaging the environment.E. The Companies Bill 2009 is thus a means to address issues of corporate

governance and ensure companies are accountable for their financialperformance and social impact.

F. They provide jobs, boost economies and aid social and environmentaldevelopment.



58. Which of the following should be the Third sentence after rearrangement?a) B b) C d) Dd) E e) F




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A. The blame for lacking creativity is, however, put on the present generationby the modern educationists.

B. The concept of home work began so that the pupils could revise that wasbeing taught in the class.

C. By doing so, most of the schools took away the leisure time of the children.D. Instead, these educationists should suggest lowering of burden of

homework to the commission for educatoinal reforms.E. The purpose of this concept was, however, defeated when the schools

started overburdening students with so called homework.F. Lack of such leisure time does not allow the children to develop creative

pursuits.

61. Which of the following should be the Third sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) E c) Dd) F e) C


63. Which of the following should be the Second sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Dd) E e) F

64. Which of the following should be the Sixth (Last) sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) C c) Dd) E e) F

65. Which of the following should be the Fifth sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) E e) F


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A. A group of media persons have now taken the responsibility of educatingpeople regarding the reality shows.

B. This is because these shows are said to be staged, fabricated and directed toimprove TRPs.

C. The reality shows on TV have been attracting a huge viewership recently.D. Owing to their efforts, the public has now realized the truth behind reality

shows and such shows are fast losing their hold.E. Though the name infers ‘real’ viewers are being exposed to a lot of ‘unreal’

content.F. The public however is drawn to such contents of the reality shows unaware

of this fabrication.

66. Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence after rearrangement?a) C b) B c) Ed) F e) D

67. Which of the following should be the Sixth (Last) sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) D c) Cd) E e) A

68. Which of the following should be the First sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) C c) Dd) E e) F

69. Which of the following should be the sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E

70. Which of the following should be the Third sentence after rearrangement?a) B b) C c) Fd) D e) A

Directions (Q. 71-75) In each of the following questions, rearrange the givensentences A, B, C and D and indicate the correct sequence in which thesesentences must appear so as to make a meaningful paragraph.

71. A. By increasing these connections the intelligence is also increased.B. Classical music has been proved to be very helpful in child development.C. Many doctors now-a-days use it for therapeutic purposes which arebased upon the findings of this research.


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D. The research has demonstrated that listening to classical music increasesthe rate of nervous connections in brain.a) BDCA b) DBAC c) ACBDd) BDAC e) BCAD

72. A. This right however comes along with the responsibility which the pressis forced to work with.B. It means that the pressmen have every right to expose matters related topublic and national interest.C. Such responsibilities include not broadcasting matters related to nationalsecurity and other sensitive issues.D. Freedom of press is symbolic of democracy.a) DBCA b) DBAC c) ABCDd) BDAC e) BCDA

73. A. A popular example of this damage is the Taj Mahal whose marble hasbeen corroded due to acid rain.B. It changes the acidic content of water bodies thus affecting the lives ofthe living organisms of this habitat.C. Acid rain has been a major factor responsible for the degradation of theenvironment.D. Along with affecting the living beings, it is also responsible for thecorrosion of several heritage building thus causing irreparable damages tothem.a) CBAD b) CDBA c) BADCd) BDAC e) CBDA

74. A. Along with missing their education these children also face lifethreatening dangers by working in hazardous chemical factories.B. Child labour has been interfering with the education of millions ofchildren across India.C. However, there is a dire need to reinforce these laws strictly throughoutthe country.D. Many laws have been framed in order to curb this evil.a) BADC b) CBAD c) DBACd) BDAC e) BACD

75. A. Their invention has been proved to be a boon to the society since manydiseases caused by the microbes could be cured by these anibiotics.B. The scientists therefore face a continuous challenge to keep inventingnewe drugs to counter this problem.C. A major hurdle in the use of antibiotics, however, is that the microbesdevelop resistance to the antibiotics thus renderringthese ineffective.D. Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by microbes which arecapable of inhibiting the growth of other microbes.a) BACD b) CBAD c) DABC


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d) DACB e) ABDC


A. Had it been not for them, Indian banks would have had their hands tieddown.

B. Today, almost all the countries are facing the heat of recession.C. One of these is the strict RBI and SEBI rules which regulated banking

sector very efficiently.D. This could have led to massive losses to them, which could have percolated

to other sectors as well.E. However, there are a few things which help India in bouncing back from

the state of recession.F. Like others, India too has not remained immune to the epidemic.




79. Which of the following should be the Sixth (Last) sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) E c) Dd) B e) F

80. Which of the following should be the Fifth sentence after rearrangement?a) B b) C c) Ad) E e) F


A. However while reading they would not know when to pause and what toemphasize.

B. Since then their use has been regularized and the punctuation rules havebeen followed by all.


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C. In earlier days, people learnt by reading out loud.D. But not everybody used the same punctuations for the same thing.E. To address this problem, various signs depicting various punctuations were

introduced.F. Thus firmer guidelines regarding punctuations were framed so that

everyone used them in similar way.



83. Which of the following should be the Fifth sentence after rearrangement?a) B b) C c) Ad) E e) F

84. Which of the following should be the Sixth (Last) sentence afterrearrangement?a) C b) E c) Dd) B e) F


Directions (Q. 86-90): Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D)and (E) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and thenanswer the questions given below.

A. For instance, if we measure the room temperature continuously and plot itsgraph with time on X-axis and temperature on the Y-axis, we get acontinuous waveform, which is an analog signal. Analog is alwayscontinuous.

B. The absence or presence of something can be used to plot a digital signal.C. An analog signal is a continuously varying signal, similar to a sinusoidal

waveform.D. Any signal can be classified into one of the two types: analog and digital.E. In contrast, a digital signal takes the form of pulses, where we have

something or nothing.



124

87. Which of the following should be the Third sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E

88. Which of the following should be the Second sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E

89. Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E



A. Moreover salaries in public sector enterprises are not as competitive asthose offered by private or foreign corporates.

B. This trend should be a wake up call for stakeholders to examine whyemployees are seeking better opportunities with private companies in Indiaand abroad.

C. Public Sector Enterprises have been experiencing severe challenges inattracting, motivating and retaining their key staff.

D. Having identified these as the reasons employees leave PSEs it is importantto empower stakeholders to find ways to remedy the situation.

E. One reason is that young employees lured away to private firms are morewilling to undertake professional risks.

F. Employees in specialist roles especially have become increasingly difficultto retain.



93. Which of the following should be the Third sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E


125




A. Assuming that all these reasons are true, the fact remains that there is anurgent need to check the accelerated costs and initiate suitable measures.

B. Some people attribute it to the increasing greediness among the medicos.C. The impact of these measures will be visible only after a considerable

passage of time.D. Health care costs have been skyrocketing in our country.E. The measures include yoga classes with emphasis on physical and mental

exercises and also change in food habits.F. Certain othres feel that it is because of drastic changes in people’s lifestyle

and eating habits.


97. Which of the following should be the sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E

98. Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E


100. Which of the following should be the Sixth (Last) sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E


126

Directions (Q. 101-105): Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C),(D), (E) and (F) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph andthen answer the questions given below.

A. However this is too narrow a definition for India.B. Most often economic refer to opening the economy in terms of trade and

investment and tax cuts.C. The sooner action is initiated the faster India will be able to attain its

targeted growth rate.D. This is a standard definitoin of economic reforms and may be applicable to

most countries.E. Economic reforms in India have to extend to reforming the public sector,

transport, power, agriculture and infrastructure among other sectors.F. To identify these sectors and the necessary reforms required, there is a need

for new thought leadership.

101. Which of the following should be the First sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E

102. Which of the following should be the Fifth sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) C c) Dd) E e) F


104. Which of the following should be the Third sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) F

105. Which of the following should be the Second sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E



127

A. Irrespective of hierarchical level, he would give undivided attention to thosewho voiced ideas.

B. He would then ask him some probing questions and turn to his senior mostmanager to get these ideas implemented.

C. What set him apart from other industrialists was that he was not interestedin demonstrating his power over his employees.

D. This is a prime example of how he fostered the participation of everyone inthe organisation.

E. For example he would typically look intently at a young engineerpresenting his ideas.

F. Instead he thought of himself as one of the team.

106. Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) C c) Dd) E e) F


108. Which of the following should be the Fifth sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E

109. Which of the following should be the Second sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) C c) Dd) E e) F



A. In fact, he believed that customers are the origin, the source of the moneywe have.

B. The customer thus has the power to fire everybody in the company from theChairman on down.


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C. Management can ensure this doesn’t happen by motivating employees tocultivate meaningful relationships with customers.

D. Sam Walton built his Walmart business empire knowing there was only oneboss the customer.

E. So it is not the company which pays us but the customer.F. He can achieve this by simply spending his money elsewhere.

111. Which of the following should be the First sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) C c) Dd) E e) F

112. Which of the following should be the Second sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Dd) E e) F

113. Which of the following should be the Third sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) C c) Dd) E e) F

114. Which of the following should be the Fifth sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) F



A. There are various ways to reduce this gap.B. However as the success of the telecom, airline and banking industries

shows it is not these but competition among educational institutions whichis the solution.

C. Today, there is a huge demand in industry for taltnted youth with certainskill sets.

D. Feedback from industry indicates that the reason for this trend is a huge gapbetween the skill sets required in the market and the education systemoutput.

E. Many recommend privatization or corporatisation of the education system.


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F. Despite this there is a trend of many graduates including engineers beingunemployed.



118. Which of the following should be the Sixth (Last) sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) C c) Dd) F e) E

119. Which of the following should be the Third sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E



A. He, then hid nearby to watch and see who would remove it.B. He saw a purse full of gold lying in the middle of the road. It was the king’s

reward to the person who did something about the problem.C. The king was tired of his subjects only complaining but doing nothing to

solve their problems.D. A youth on his way to market saw the stone, put down his produce and

rolled the stone to the side of the road.E. Many people passed by but dodged their duty of moving the stone instead

blaming the king for not keeping the highways clear.F. One day he placed a heavy stone in the middle of the road.

121. Which of the following should be the Second sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) C c) D


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d) E e) F


123. Which of the following should be the First sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) F


125. Which of the following should be the Fifth sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) C c) Dd) E e) F


A. Moreover salaries in public sector enterprises are not as competitive asthose offered by private or foreign corporates.

B. This trend should be a wake up call for stakeholders to examine whyemployees are seeking better opportunities with private companies on Indiaand abroad.

C. Public Sector Enterprises have been experiencing severe challenges inattracting, motivating and reltaining their key staff.

D. Having identified these as the reasons employees leave PSEs it is importantto empower stakeholders to find ways to remedy the situation.

E. One reason is that young employees lured away by private firms are morewilling to undertake professional risks.

F. Employees in specialist roles especially have become increasingly difficultto retain.



131






A. But it is normal for rates to vary somewhat.B. The rate at which these actions emerge is sometimes a worry for parents.C. As a child grows, his or her nervous system becomes more mature.D. Having said that variation is normal, nearly al children begin to exhibit

certain motor skills at a fairly consistent rate unless some type of disabilityis present.

E. As this happens, the child becomes more and more capable of performingincreasingly complex actions.

F. Hence, they frequently fret about whether or not their children aredeveloping these skills at a normal rate.

131. Which of the following should be the Third sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) E e) F



132


134. Which of the following should be the Second sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Fd) D e) E

135. Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) D c) Bd) F e) E


A. If China is the World’s factory, India has become the World’s outsourcingcentre-keeping in line with this image.

B. But, India’s future depends crucially on its ability to compete fully in thecreative economy not just in tech and software, but across design andentrepreneurship; arts, culture and entertainment and the knowledge basedprofessions of medicine, finance and law.

C. While its creative assets outstrip those of other emerging competitors, Indiamust address several challenges to increase its international competitivenessas the World is in the midst of a sweeping transformation.

D. This transformation is evident in the fact that the World is moving from anindustrial economy to a creative economy that generates wealth byharnessing intellectual labour, intangible goods and human creativecapabilities.

E. Its software industry is the World’s second largest, its tech outsourcingaccounts for more than half of the $300 bn global industry, according to atechnology expert.

F. If the meeting of World leaders at Davos is any indication, India is rapidlybecoming an economic ‘rock star’.


137. Which of the following should be the Third sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) C


133

d) D e) E

138. Which of the following should be the Fifth sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) F e) E

139. Which of the following should be the First sentence afterrearrangement?a) F b) B c) Cd) A e) E

140. Which of the following should be the Second sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) F

Directions (Q. 141-145): Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C),(D), (E), (F) and (G) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraphand then answer the questions given below.

A. But seriously, how much would you pay to know what thoughts areswimming around in someone else’s head?

B. In most fictional movies thus, the idea of reading minds of seeing theprivate intentions of another, and the possibility of intervening in thoseplans – has always been highly attractive.

C. Such fantastical questions have long been the bread and butter of fiction.D. Today, more than four centuries since the phrase, “A penny for your

thoughts?”, was first recorded, inflatoinary accounting makes that ancientpenny worth more than $40.

E. The going rate for a “thought” – a probe into the thinking of another – wasonce quite a bargain.

F. And if you could really know their trjuthfulness how much more would youpay?

G. Even with the sliding value of the dollar, this still seems quite a bargain.

141. Which of the following should be the Second sentence afterrearrangement?a) F b) D c) Cd) G e) A

142. Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Gd) D e) F


134

143. Which of the following should be the Sixth sentence afterrearrangement?a) E b) G c) Cd) B e) A

144. Which of the following should be the Seventh (Last) sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Fd) D e) E



A. Therefore, it is important to source a large part of economic growth inagriculture, in rural non-agricultural activities and in productive expansionof the informal sector which all have high employment elasticities, as wellas in an export strategy based on labour intensive exports.

B. It is important because it creates more resources and has the potential ofcreating more space for the involvement of the poor.

C. If the growth is sourced upon those sectors of the economy or thoseactivities that have a natural tendency to involve the poor in theirexpansion, such growth helps poverty eradication.

D. Economic growth is important.E. But this involvement depends on the sources of growth and the nature of

growth.


147. Which of the following should be the Second sentence afterrearrangement?a) E b) D c) Cd) B e) A



135

149. Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence afterrearrangement?a) E b) D c) Cd) B e) A



A. “What a waste of my tax money”, I thought, walking past the people havingfree Californian Chardonnay.

B. “Speak to her”, he said, “She’s into books”.C. The friend who had brought me there noticed my noticing her.D. In late 2003, I was still paying taxes in America, so it horrified me that the

US Consulate was hosting a “Gallo drinking appreciation event”.E. Behind them, a pianist was playing old film tunes, and a slim short woman

was dancing around him.

151. Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E


153. Which of the following should be the Fifth (Last) sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E

154. Which of the following should be the Second sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E

155. Which of the following should be the Third sentence afterrearrangement?


136

a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E


A. While the reference point for the former is the state, for the latter it’ssociety.

B. India’s strategic community comprises two distinct circles with littleoverlap.

C. Consequently, mainstream strategists have an external orientation to theirdiscourse, concentrating on high politics, the latter is more internal oriented.

D. Their prescriptions too are understandably poles apart and thus, the state, towhich both their commentary is directed, has to play balancer, and ends upbeing at the receiving end of criticism from both sides.

E. Out of the two, one can be termed the ‘mainstream’ and the other‘alternate’.

F. To further elaborate on the external and internal concept – while one isenamoured of India’s rise and place in the global order, the other is moresensitive to its vulnerabilities and inadequacies.


157. Which of the following should be the Sixth sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E





137


A. Building of these structures requires a lot of fuel to be burnt which emits alarge amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

B. The major source of carbon dioxide is power plants.C. Another 20% of carbon dioxide emitted in the atmosphere comes from

burning of gasoline in the engines of vehicles.D. Buildings, both commercial and residential represent a larger source of

global warming pollution than the said cars and trucks.E. The major cause of global warming is the emission of green house gases

like carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide etc. into the atmosphere.F. These power plants emit large amounts of carbon dioxide produced from

burning of fossil fuels for the purpose of electricity generation.




164. Which of the following should be the Sixth sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E




138

A. Increased competition, globalization and the need which once held the fort.B. In order to achieve thse hype and sensationalism is put in to spice up the

new swhich have robbed news stories of credibility.C. This is only possible if a lot more thought is put into the gethering and

presentation of the daily news and delivering it much more sensitively to itsreceivers/users.

D. Technological innovation and economic change have transformed the newsindustry to the extent where its original definition as a public service nolonger holds good.

E. In order to win it back, the media should make full use of the tremendouspower that the democracy blesses it with.

F. These included public good and social responsibility. But sadly, today,these have made way for a business target of commecial viability and achase of viewership.

166. Which of the following should be the Sixth sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) F

167. Which of the following should be the Third sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) E c) Dd) F e) C

168. Which of the following should be the Fifth sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Ed) C e) F





139

A. The Reserve Bank of India which had last intervened in the foreignexchange market in June 2009, was seen buying dollars to stem the rupee’srunaway appreciation.

B. The bank had for so long resisted a rate increase, but finally toed the line ofother banks as its cost of funds has gone up.

C. The local currency recently rose to a 25 month high against the dollar onsustained capital inflows.

D. Some interesting things have happened in the Indian financial system in thepast few weeks.

E. The RBI also announced a Rs.12000 Crore buy back of government bondsfrom the market to infuse money into a liquidity starved banking system.

F. Finally, the State Bank of India, the nation’s largest lender, has raised itsminimum lending rate, or base rate, by 10 basis points. (One basis point isone-hundredth of a percentage point)

171. Which of the following should be the Third sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) A c) Dd) E e) F

172. Which of the following should be the Sixth (last) sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) C c) Dd) E e) A

173. Which of the following should be the Second sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) C c) Dd) E e) F

174. Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) C c) Dd) A e) E

175. Which of the following should be the First sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) C c) Dd) E e) F


A. It is therefore, a contributing factor to the growth of landfills and waterwaypollution, both of which are costly and energy intensive to solve.


140

B. Making an effort to use those resources and avoid polystyrene ones canhelp to decrease your environmental impact.

C. Non-biodegradable essentially means that any polystyrene that makes itsway into a landfill will stay there indefinitely, never breaking down andreturning to the earth.

D. Polystyrene, as a product, is very convenient to use, but it has someimportant effects we should consider when making choices as consumers.

E. While recycling polystyrene material can cushion the environmental blowof its use, alternatives are available that are created from renewableresources and biodegrade more readily.

F. For example, while polystyrene has some excellent uses and is, technically,recyclable, it is not a substance that biodegrades.


177. Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence afterrearrangement?a) E b) F c) Ad) D e) B





A. In fact according to mainstream economists it is inevitable and a necessaryevil in any economy.

B. It is thus important for every nation to maintain this reserve of labour forceto maintain an optimal level of unemployment.


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C. Unemployment is popularly believed to be an index which measures theeconomic condition of a nation.

D. This is because it helps avert inflation by providing a reserve army oflabour which keeps wages in check.

E. The problem, however, only emerges when governments indirectlyfacilitate unemployment in order to curb inflation through various policiesand frameworks, depriving a large population of its rundamental rights.

F. But contrary to popular belief unemployment is not always disadvantageousto the economy of a state.

181. Which of the following should be the Sixth (Last) sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) E e) F


183. Which of the following should be the Fifth sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) E e) F


185. Which of the following should be the Third sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) E c) Dd) F e) C

Directions (Q. 186-190): Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C),(D), (E), (F), (G) and (H) in the proper sequence to form a meaningfulparagraph and then answer the questions given below.

A. During the examination the invigilator noticed the chits and despiteRajesh’s plea for innocence asked him to leave the examination hall.

B. At this point Ravish realised his mistake and felt guilty, so he immediatelyconfessed his misdeed to the invigilator and left the examination hall.

C. Rajesh forgave Ravish because Ravish had not only accepted his mistake ontime but also had not let Rajesh be punished for the wrong reason.


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D. Ravish and Rajesh were in college and had been friends since childhood.However, Ravish did not trust Rajesh.

E. Another student Satish who had seen Ravish hiding something in Rajesh’sdesk stood up and informed the invigilator of what he had seen.

F. One day Ravish decided to test Rajesh’s friendship and so during one of thecollege examinations Ravish went early to class and hid some chits inRajesh’s desk.

G. Rajesh did not believe Satish, instead was furious that Satish had falselyblamed his friend and agreed that he would leave his examination only ifRavish was kept out of the matter.

H. After the examination was over Ravish apologized to Rajesh and promisedthat he would be a good friend from then onwards.

186. Which of the following should be the Fifth sentence afterrearrangement?a) G b) H c) Ed) D e) C

187. Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence afterrearrangement?a) C b) D c) Ed) F e) G

188. Which of the following should be the Eighth (Last) sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) E

189. Which of the following should be the First sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) F

190. Which of the following should be the Second sentence afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Gd) F e) E

Directions (Q. 191-195): Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C),(D), (E), (F) and (G) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraphand then answer the questions given below.

A. Japanese toys, for instance, are in great damand despite the heavy importduty.

B. The toys that they produce are almost without exception of the poorestquality.


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C. Their manufacturers here need to be reminded of this.D. The two toy libraries in Mumbai also rely largely on foreign made toys.E. But making them is no child’s play.F. Toys are meant for children.G. Not surprisingly, many parents prefer to buy the imported variety even

though these are usually much more expensive.

191. Which of the following should be the Third sentence afterrearrangement?a) C b) B c) Dd) E e) G

192. Which of the following should be the Last sentence afterrearrangement?a) C b) B c) Dd) E e) G

193. Which of the following should be the First sentence afterrearrangement?a) E b) G c) Ad) F e) B

194. Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) E c) Cd) D e) A

195. Which of the following should be the Sixth sentence afterrearrangement?a) F b) E c) Cd) D e) B


A. I, therefore, contacted him, found out his fees and that he wanted to study ata Teacher’s Training College.

B. He sent me a letter of thanks but I was surprised also to find some currencynotes in the envelope.

C. While reading the newspape, I saw an interview with a boy who had rankedeighth in the SSC exams.

D. He knew I did not expect any account of the money, yet he had returned thebalance of the amount I had sent, as his expenditure was less.

E. He was unable to study further because his father earned only forty rupees aday.


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F. I, accordingly, sent Rs.1800 to cover his expenses for six months.




199. Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence afterrearrangement?a) B b) C c) Dd) E e) F


Answers:

1. Option C2. Option A3. Option D4. Option B5. Option D6. Option C7. Option D8. Option B9. Option D10. Option A11. Option A12. Option C13. Option D14. Option D15. Option B16. Option C


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17. Option E18. Option B19. Option D20. Option A21. Option D22. Option B23. Option E24. Option A25. Option D26. Option C27. Option B28. Option C29. Option E30. Option E31. Option B32. Option D33. Option A34. Option E35. Option C36. Option E37. Option A38. Option D39. Option B40. Option E41. Option B42. Option D43. Option E44. Option A45. Option C46. Option C47. Option E48. Option A49. Option A50. Option D51. Option C52. Option C53. Option D54. Option D55. Option B56. Option C57. Option E58. Option A59. Option A60. Option D61. Option E62. Option B


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63. Option D64. Option C65. Option A66. Option D67. Option B68. Option B69. Option E70. Option A71. Option D72. Option B73. Option E74. Option A75. Option D76. Option B77. Option B78. Option E79. Option C80. Option C81. Option A82. Option B83. Option E84. Option D85. Option C86. Option D87. Option A88. Option C89. Option E90. Option B91. Option C92. Option E93. Option E94. Option B95. Option D96. Option D97. Option B98. Option A99. Option E100. Option C101. Option B102. Option E103. Option C104. Option A105. Option D106. Option D107. Option C108. Option B


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109. Option E110. Option C111. Option C112. Option A113. Option A114. Option C115. Option D116. Option E117. Option C118. Option A119. Option D120. Option E121. Option E122. Option B123. Option C124. Option A125. Option C126. Option D127. Option C128. Option B129. Option E130. Option A131. Option B132. Option A133. Option C134. Option E135. Option B136. Option D137. Option E138. Option C139. Option D140. Option E141. Option B142. Option A143. Option C144. Option B145. Option E146. Option D147. Option C148. Option E149. Option D150. Option A151. Option C152. Option D153. Option B154. Option A


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155. Option E156. Option C157. Option D158. Option A159. Option B160. Option A161. Option B162. Option A163. Option E164. Option C165. Option D166. Option C167. Option D168. Option C169. Option D170. Option A171. Option B172. Option A173. Option B174. Option E175. Option C176. Option B177. Option C178. Option D179. Option E180. Option E181. Option B182. Option C183. Option A184. Option C185. Option B186. Option A187. Option C188. Option C189. Option D190. Option D191. Option A192. Option C193. Option D194. Option E195. Option E196. Option C197. Option D198. Option A199. Option E200. Option D


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Grammatical Errors

Directions (Q. 1-5) Read this sentence to find out whether there is anygrammatical mistake/error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of thesentence. Mark the part with the error as your answer. If there is no error,mark ‘No error’ as your answer. (Ignore the errors of punctuation if any).

1. Attributing rise in inflation partly for withholding of food stocks bytraders/the minister said that/he was committed/to easing this supply sidebottleneck.a) Attributing rise in inflation partly for withholding of food stocks bytradersb) The minister said thatc) He was committedd) To easing this supply side bottleneck.e) No error

2. India’s largest utility vehicle and tractor maker/is again in the race toacquire/for stake in Swedish company/which is a premium car maker.a) India’s largest utility vehicle and tractor makerb) Is again in the race to acquirec) For stake in Swedish companyd) Which a premium car makere) No error

3. With sale of branded or premium petrol becoming almost nil/due to highduties,/a government appointed panel has recommended/slashing exciseduty to make them at par with regular fuel.a) With sale of branded or premium petrol becoming almost nilb) Due to high dutiesc) A government appointed panel has recommendedd) Slashing excise duty to make them at par with regular fuele) No error

4. Keeping in mind/that power cuts are on different days in different areas/thechange in the factory law would enable individual factories within anarea/to determining their own weekly holidays.a) Keeping in mindb) That power cuts are on different days in different areasc) The change in the factory law would enable individual factories withinan aread) To determining their own weekly holidayse) No error


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5. Police officers have refused on identify the bystander,/who is the onlyeyewitness to the crime,/but have said that the investigating team wouldexplore/if he could be a witness in the case.a) Police officers have refused on identify the bystanderb) Who is the only eyewitness to the crimec) But have said that the investigating team would explored) If he could be a witness in the casee) No error


6. Mangal Pandey was well known (a) / because he was involved (b) / in theinitial stages (c) / of the Indian rebellion. (d) / No error (e)

7. Most of the Indian populatoins still lives (a) / in its villages and thus thecontribution of (b) / agriculture to Indian economy (c) / becomes veryimportant. (d) / No error (e)

8. Catherine’s grandfather always (a) / lost his balance while walking (b) / andwould be found fallen (c) / on the road. (d) / No error (e)

9. Her doctor was (a) / annoyed because she (b) / ignore her health (c) / evenafter being hospitalised twice. (d) No error (e)

10. Raghav was worry (a) / about telling his parents (b) / that he wanted tomove out (c) / and live independently. / (d) No error (e)


11. (a) France is one of the wealthiest economy in the world, (b) home toleaders in aviation, insurance, banking, tourism (c) and retail and is knownfor its (d) fine cuisine and appellation-controlled wines. (e) No error

12. (a) The fashion is becoming a global game now, (b) where the label mayoriginate in one country, (c) chief designer from another country, (d) theowner investor from third nation (e) No error

13. (a) In India, for over a decade now, (b) Ermenegildo Zegna has had asuccessful (c) run with its stand alone stores (d) In Delhi, Mumbai andHyderabad. (e) No error

14. (a) The final outcome of India’s first environmental referendum is not yetknown (b) but the very fact that it is taking place (c) in the thick forested


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and remote region of Niyamgiri (d) provides a small glimmer of hope. (e)No error

15. (a) The court ordered the seizure of his properties (b) and gave him (c) anadditional 10 years in jail (d) for misuse of power. (e) No error


16. I am grateful to you (a) / and all your friends (b) / for they showedsympathy (c) / and kindness towards me. (d) / No error (e)

17. While he was (a) / walking along the road (b) / a speeding car (c) / knockeddown to him. (d) No error (e)

18. Though none of his, (a) / so-called well-wishers forwarded to help (b) / Ihelped him by (c) / completing his work on time. (d) / No error (e)

19. From the way he was talking (a) / it was clear (b) / that he had (c) / nocontrol on himself. (d) No error (e)

20. Your over-dependent on (a) / others even for (b) / trivial matters may (c) /prove disadvantageous. (d) / No error (e)


21. He was awfully dissatisfy (a) / with the arrangements (b) / made for him (c)/ by the security guards. (d) / No error (e)

22. I wanted to be (a) / out of the way (b) / when she was (c) / likely forreceiving the letter. (d) / No error (e)

23. We have rarely come (a) / across any programme, (b) / which does notshow (c) / violent in some from. (d) / No error (e)

24. A lot of people (a) / have involved in (b) / the national mission (c) / toeradicate illiteracy. (d) / No error (e)

25. They failed in (a) / their plan only because (b) / they could not (c) / givetimely attention to it. (d) / No error (e)


26. Development of the (a) / agriculture sector being (b) / agricultural sectorbeing (b) / the main focus of (c) / the government today. (d) / No error (e)

27. Every citizen is (a) / required to follow scrupulous (b) / all the rules andregulatoins (c) / prescribed by the government. (d) / No error (e)


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28. They have donated (a) / large sums of money (b) / for the welfare of (c) /the poor and the underprivileged. (d) / No error (e)

29. He asked me what (a) / my role in conducting (b) / the seminar for the (c) /participants of different countries was. (d) / No error (e)

30. Mr.Arya who is a (a) / renowned economist has (b) / been appointed to (c) /an advisor to the minister. (d) / No error (e)


31. The principle that (a) / a pen is mightier (b) / then a sword (c) / was knownto early Greeks. (d) No error (e)

32. Martha missed her dog (a) / who died of a (b) / skin infection at a (c) / veryyoung age. (d) No error (e)

33. There was such (a) / a crowd that (b) / he would not (c) / find his brother.(d) No error (e)

34. Having managed the (a) / team of two (b) / years, he knew (c) / his playerswell. (d) No error (e)

35. Because of heavy (a) / rains the trains (b) / are disable to (c) / run on time.(d) No error (e)


36. The revised government’s (a) / guidelines have reduced (b) / the number ofmergers (c) / taking place among banks. (d) No error (e)

37. I do not know (a) / who of the (b) / new trainees should (c) / be confirmed.(d) No error (e)

38. To promote India as (a) / a tourist destination (b) / the government hasorganized (c) / many cultural programmes. (d) / No error (e)

39. Banks in India (a) / cannot open ATMs (b) / except obtaining (c) / approvalfrom RBI. (d) No error (e)

40. Today the success of (a) / companies depends on the (b) / quality of theirproducts and (c) / efficient managing staff. (d) / No error (e)


41. Some of our staff is worried (a) / that as soon as (b) / the project is overthey (c) / will lose their jobs. (d) No error (e)


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42. If you decide to hold (a) / the function in Kolkata (b) / not much of us (c) /will be able to attend. (d) No error (e)

43. In case you need five people (a) / to run a branch you (b) / should beselected (c) / ten since some may leave. (d) No error (e)

44. Although he approached (a) / many private businesses to invest (b) / in hisprinting business (c) / nobody of them was interested. (d) No error (e)

45. How can you give up (a) / this job when you are (b) / just about to be (c) /appointed for General Manager. (d) No error (e)


46. Governments and businesses must reduce (a) / its own energy use (b) / andpromote conservation (c) / to their citizens and employees. (d) No error (e)

47. If the allegations (a) / made against him (b) / are found to be true (c) / hecould face rigorous imprisonment. (d) No error (e)

48. Having acquired some experience (a) / she is no longer (b) / one of thosewho believes (c) / every explanation she is given. (d) No error (e)

49. On discovering that (a) / it was a forgery (b) / he torn up the agreement (c) /he had signed. (d) No error (e)

50. With regard to implementation the (a) / details of the proposal (b) / thecommittee was divided (c) / in its opinion. (d) / No error (e)


51. She considered herself (a) / very fortunated to (b) / have had a (c) / verygood education. (d) No error (e)

52. A lot number of people (a) / donate money to the organisation (b) / at thistime (c) / of the year. (d) No error (e)

53. The leader of the opposition (a) / is in the danger (b) / of lost his seat (c) / inthe next elections. (d) No error (e)

54. He is the same (a) / ice-cream vendor (b) / which sold ice-creams (c) / whenwe were kids. (d) No error (e)

55. The police received (a) / tremendous support from (b) / the general public(c) / over that issue. (d) No error (e)



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56. Farmers will be (a) / entitled to fresh (b) / agricultural loans (c) / from Julyonward. (d) No error (e)

57. Today there is (a) / over one billion (b) / people living in poverty (c) / indeveloping countries. (d) No error (e)

58. There is no need (a) / to import maize (b) / since there is (c) / any demandfor it. (d) No error (e)

59. Accordingly their policies (a) / banks write off (b) / banks write off (c) /oustanding amounts (c) / in NPA accounts. (d) No error (e)

60. In order to (a) / be profitable (b) / a company needs (c) / to control its costs.(d) No error (e)


61. Our housing society comprises (a) / six block and thirty flats (b) / in an areaof (c) / about thousand square metres. (d) No error (e)

62. Still remaining in the ancient castle (a) / are the Duke’s collection of earlyDutch paintings (b) / which will be (c) donated to a museum. (d) No error(e)

63. Computer education (a) / in universities and colleges today (b) / leavesmuch (c) / to be desired. (d) No error (e)

64. Everyone knows (a) / that the tiger (b) / is faster (c) / of all animals. (d) Noerror (e)

65. When he (a) / had got what (b) / he wanted (c) he has gone home. (d) Noerror (e)


66. One of the basics of good writing (a) / is to have a (b) / clear understandingof the target audience (c) / and its requirements. (d) No error (e)

67. Radha with (a) / her brothers (b) / and sisters (c) / are present here. (d) Noerror (e)

68. The language used for writing text books (a) / differs from other forms ofwriting (b) / in its preference on (c) / simplicity over style. (d) No error (e)

69. He is one of the (a) / most intelligent (b) student (c) / I have every taught.(d) No error (e)

70. This road is (a) / worst than (b) / any other road (c) / of the city. (d) Noerror (e)

Directions (Q. 71-75) Read this sentence to find out whether there is anygrammatical mistake/error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the


155

sentence. Mark the part with the error as your answer. If there is no error,mark ‘No error’ as your answer. (Ignore the errors of punctuation if any).

71. Governments and businesses must reduce (a) / its own energy use (b) / andpromote conservation (c) / to their citizens and employees. (d) No error (e)

72. If the allegations (a) / made against him (b) / are found to be true (c) / hecould face rigorous imprisonment. (d) No error (e)

73. Mangal Pandey was well known (a) / because he was involved (b) / in theinitial stages (c) / of the Indian rebellion. (d) / No error (e)

74. On discovering that (a) / it was a forgery (b) / he torn up the agreement (c) /he had signed. (d) No error (e)

75. Our housing society comprises (a) / six block and thirty flats (b) / in an areaof (c) / about thousand square metres. (d) No error (e)


76. Mr.Singh’s son has applied (a) / to the post (b) / of Assistant Manager (c) /in a construction company. (d) No error (e)

77. He submitted (a) / the request for compensation (b) / of time but (c) / it wasdenied. (d) No error (e)

78. Unfortunately today many (a) / parents cannot afford (b) / to send its (c)children to school. (d) No error (e)

79. He was convinced (a) / that he (b) / loss the account (c) / because of badluck. (d) No error (e)

80. In his opinion (a) / every senior citizens (b) / will benefit (c) / from the newrule. (d) No error (e)


81. I was pretty sure that (a) / he would support me (b) / for changing the age-old (c) / and static structure of our organization. (d) No error (e)

82. The interrogation made by (a) / him hardly yield (b) / any can createconclusion (c) / about the crime. (d) No error (e)

83. Jayesh loved his Guru immensely (a) / and gave him fullest loyalty, (b) / yethe had his own (c) / independent way of thinking. (d) No error (e)

84. I caught him (a) / from the hand (b) / and began (c) / to plead. (d) No error(e)

85. If you have good (a) / control over breathing (b) / you can float (c) / onwater effortlessly. (d) No error (e)


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86. Such an act of cruelty (a) / had never (b) / be committed (c) / before. (d) Noerror (e)

87. The girl said (a) / that she preferred (b) / the blue gown (c) / than the blackone. (d) No error (e)

88. Being a very cold day (a) / I would (b) / not go out for (c) / a morning walk.(d) No error (e)

89. The principle that (a) / a pen is mightier (b) / then a sword (c) / was knownto early Greeks. (d) No error (e)

90. During the course of the exhibition, (a) / the old man who was (b) / lookingusually cheerful (c) / kept on take notes. (d) No error (e)


91. No country can long endure (a) / if its foundations (b) were not laid deep (c)/ in the material prosperity. (d) No error (e)

92. I went to the liberarian and Cashier (a) / and they gave me (b) / all facilitiesrequired (c) / to complete the project. (d) No error (e)

93. When she comes (a) / to see us (b) / she usually were bring (c) / somethingswith her. (d) No error (e)

94. Why did you (a) / not told me (b) / that the meeting (c) / was postponed. (d)No error (e)

95. He picked up (a) / the books (b) / and put it (c) / on the table. (d) No error(e)


96. Many multinational companies (a) / have not been as (b) / successful inIndia (c) / than we expected. (d) No error (e)

97. He has ruined (a) / his eyesight (b) / by not using (c) / his spectaclesregularly. (d) No error (e)

98. Mostly of the (a) / newly recruited officers (b) / have no experience (c) / inthe banking sector. (d) No error (e)

99. The resignation of (a) / one of our Directors (b) / have caused the price (c) /of shares to fall. (d) No error (e)


157

100. There are many (a) / ways of which (b) / inflation can (c) / bemeasured. (d) No error (e).


101. Base on the research (a) / we have conducted in (b) / different partsof the country (c) / this scheme will be successful. (d) No error (e)

102. I want to share (a) / my experience with you (b) / though you will(c) / benefit from it. (d) No error (e)

103. He used to advise (a) / his students to do (b) / their work serious ifthey (c) / wanted to achieve their goals. (d) No error (e)

104. Any of these branches do (a) / not require more than (b) / twoemployees since they (c) / have been recently established. (d) No error (e)

105. He encouraged us to (a) / think but none of the (b) / suggestions wemade was (c) / discussed at the meeting. (d) No error (e)


106. Our country’s performance (a) / in the last few national andinternational games (b) / is fairly ordinary (c) / and below our stature. (d)No error (e)

107. We have (a) / fairly standard accounting procedures (b) / that are onthe line (c) / with the internationally accepted norms. (d) No error (e)

108. The company is negotiating (a) / new store launches (b) / at nearby(c) / half the rent (d) No error (e)

109. Intense fear blocks (a) / both to the generation (b) / and expression(c) / of ideas (d) No error (e)

110. The Government officials have been met (a) / heads of commercialBanks later this week (b) / to get their views on liquidity (c) / and growth indeposits (d) No error (e)


111. The Government has asked individuals (a) / with income of overRs.10 Lakh to (b) / electronic file tax returns for the year 2011-12, (c) /something which was optional till last year. (d) No error (e)


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112. The power tariff had already (a) / been increased twice in (b) / thelast 15 months and the Electricity Board had also (c) / leviedadditionalmonthly charges to consumers. (d) No error (e)

113. Despite of curfew (a) / in some areas, minor (b) / communalincidents were reported (c) / from different areas of the walled city. (d) Noerror (e)

114. This comes (a) / at a time (b) / when fund allocation (c) / is beendoubled (d) No error (e)

115. As the prison will get (a) / an official telephone facility soon, theprisoners (b) / won’t have to make calls in discreet manner (c) / throughsmuggled mobile phones. (d) No error (e)


116. The ban of Indian hockey today is (a) / lack of interest by the partof the public (b) / which in turn is fuelled by the perception that (c) / itdoesn’t pay to take up the sport as a career. (d) No error (e)

117. Illegal sand mining has become (a) / a boom business fuelled (b) /by the ever-increasing demand (c) / of the construction industry. (d) / Noerror (e)

118. Much is the inflow of travelers that (a) / it is tough to book an airticket (b) / to Ahmedabad and the international flights (c) / too are almostover-booked. (d) No error (e)

119. Experts believe that a (a) / gradually decreasing infant mortalityrate (b) / is lead to a proportionate (c) / decrease in the size of our brains.(d) No error (e)

120. In just two months after having (a) / planted these, most of theplants have (b) / either dried up and are suffering (c) / due to lack ofmaintenance. (d) No error (e)


121. Inception of regional rural banks can be (a) / seen as a uniqueexperiment as well as (b) / an experience in improvement the efficacy of (c)/ rural credit delivery mechanism in India. (d) No error (e)

122. In rural areas, often (a) / on small family farms, it is (b) / difficultyto improve one’s standard of (c) / living beyond basic sustenance. (d) Noerror (e)


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123. People, especially the elderly, (a) / are often forced to move tocities (b) / where there are hospitals that can (c) / cater for their healthneeds. (d) No error (e)

124. In modern times industrialization of agriculture (a) / has negativeaffected the economy (b) / of small and middle-sized farms and has strongly(c) / reduced the size of the rural labour market. (d) No error (e)

125. A national survey of rural health care providers (a) / wasundertaken to identify (b) / their perceptions of the (c) / environmentalhealth issues faced their constituents. (d) No error (e)


126. The President has denied (a) / that the economy is in recession (b) /or was go into one (c) / despite a spate of downcast reports. (d) No error (e)

127. The angry at being (a) / left out of the bonanza (b) / is palpableamong (c) / employees of the organization. (d) / No error (e)

128. His comments came after (a) / the research group said that its (b) /consumer confidence index were (c) / slumped to its lowest level. (d) Noerror (e)

129. If all goes well (a) / the examination scheduled for next month (b) /is all set to be completely free (c) / from annoying power cuts anddisruptions. (d) No error (e)

130. There are just too few trains (a) / for the ever-grow (b) number ofpassengers (c) / in the city. (d) No error (e)


131. The Director prefers (a) / your plan than (b) / that given by (c) / theother members of the committee. (d) No error (e)

132. I always prefer (a) / working in a relaxed atmosphere (b) / than onefull of (c) / tension and anxiety. (d) No error (e)

133. You should not discuss (a) / about a matter (b) / with friends whoare likely (c) / to find it offensive. (d) No error (e)

134. Having to stay (a) / in the jungle that night, (b) / they had nothing(c) / to feed at. (d) No error (e)

135. The student (a) / answered to (b) / the question (c) / asked by theinspector of school. (d) No error (e)

Directions (Q. 136-140) Read this sentence to find out whether there is anygrammatical mistake/error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the


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sentence. Mark the part with the error as your answer. If there is no error,mark ‘No error’ as your answer. (Ignore the errors of punctuation if any).

136. Dress in black (a) / several students from the Univesity took part(b) / in a protest march in the city on Thursday as part (c) / of a campaignagainst female infanticide. (d) No error (e)

137. On the second day of the workshop, (a) / participants does asituational analysis of the state (b) / and spoke about their plan of action (c)/ for implementing the Act. (d) No error (e)

138. The Court has asked the authorities (a) / to take appropriate steps torestore natural water resources (b) / so that the water shortage problem (c) /in the state can be solved. (d) No error (e)

139. The poor experience in (a) / neighbouring countries which haveimplemented (b) / food stamp programmes should serve as (c) / a deterrenton our country (d) No error (e)

140. The Government has warned (a) / that air pollution from vehiclesand power stations (b) / is reducding life expectancy in the country (c) / inan average of six months. (d) No error (e)


141. The right to adequate food (a) / and clean drinking water (b) /should be regarded as a (c) / basic right of all citizens of India (d) No error(e)

142. A sharp fall in (a) / international prices of tea (b) / have lead Teaplantation workers (c) / in Kerala to face starvation. (d) No error (e)

143. In spite freedom of the press is vital to democracy (a) / the thin linebetween reporting facts (b) / and expressing opinions on them (c) / is beingincreasingly crossed. (d) No error (e)

144. In India, the teacher has been elevated (a) / to a position of power(b) / and a part of that power has been (c) / to assuming the right to punishthe students (d) No error (e)

145. In the flying game, there are a host of (a) / new low-cost airlinesthat dare to roar, (b) / providing a glimmer of hope of (c) / more cheapperair transport to millions. (d) No error (e)



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146. Sugar sweetened drinks does not (a) / pose any particular healthrisk, and (b) / are not a unique risk factor (c) / for obesity or heart disease.(d) No error (e)

147. Airline managements should note (a) / that the ultimate passengerunfriendliness (b) / is to have their planes crash (c) / due to the adopted ofunsafe procedures. (d) No error (e)

148. Celebrating its ten long years (a) / in the industry, a privateentertainment channel (b) / announce a series of (c) / programmes at a pressconference. (d) No error (e)

149. The award ceremony ended (a) / on a note of good cheer (b) / withaudiences responding warmly (c) / to its line up of films. (d) No error (e)

150. The actress was ordered for (a) / wear an alcohol monitoringbracelet and (b) submit to random weekly drug testing after (c) / she failedto appear for a court date last week. (d) No error (e)

Answers:

1. Option A2. Option B3. Option A4. Option E5. Option A6. Option A7. Option A8. Option C9. Option C10. Option A11. Option A12. Option D13. Option E14. Option C15. Option D16. Option C17. Option D18. Option B19. Option E20. Option A21. Option A22. Option D23. Option D24. Option B25. Option E26. Option B27. Option B28. Option E


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29. Option E30. Option C31. Option C32. Option B33. Option C34. Option B35. Option B36. Option A37. Option B38. Option C39. Option C40. Option D41. Option A42. Option C43. Option C44. Option D45. Option D46. Option B47. Option E48. Option C49. Option C50. Option A51. Option B52. Option A53. Option C54. Option C55. Option C56. Option D57. Option A58. Option D59. Option A60. Option E61. Option B62. Option B63. Option E64. Option D65. Option D66. Option E67. Option D68. Option C69. Option D70. Option B71. Option B72. Option D73. Option A74. Option C


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75. Option B76. Option B77. Option C78. Option C79. Option D80. Option B81. Option C82. Option B83. Option D84. Option B85. Option E86. Option B87. Option A88. Option B89. Option C90. Option B91. Option C92. Option B93. Option C94. Option B95. Option C96. Option D97. Option E98. Option A99. Option C100. Option B101. Option A102. Option C103. Option C104. Option A105. Option E106. Option C107. Option C108. Option C109. Option B110. Option A111. Option C112. Option D113. Option A114. Option D115. Option A116. Option B117. Option B118. Option A119. Option C120. Option C


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121. Option C122. Option C123. Option E124. Option C125. Option D126. Option C127. Option A128. Option C129. Option A130. Option B131. Option B132. Option C133. Option B134. Option D135. Option B136. Option A137. Option B138. Option E139. Option D140. Option D141. Option D142. Option C143. Option A144. Option D145. Option A146. Option A147. Option D148. Option C149. Option E150. Option A


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Chapter - __

Phrases and Idioms

1. A big cheese – an important or a powerful person in a group or family

2. A boon in disguise – a benefit in loss3. A bull in a China shop – an awkward person

4. A but under the weather – falling ill

5. A dead letter – an argument or law not followed by anyone

6. A dish fit for Gods – something of very high quality7. A house of cards – a poor plan

8. A nine days wonder – pleasure for a short time

9. A queer fish – a strange person

10.A red letter day – an important day11.A wakeup call – an event done to warn someone

12.A witch hunt – an attempt to find and punish those who have options thatare believed to be dangerous

13.A worm’s eye view – having very little knowledge about something

14.Afraid of one’s own shadow – to become easily frightened

15.Against the clock – to be in a hurry to do something before a particulartime

16.Air one’s dirty laundry – to make public something embarrassing thatshould be kept secret

17.All systems go – everything is ready

18.An arm and a leg – a large amount of money

19.An educated guess - a guess which was likely to corrected20.Appear out of now here – to appear suddenly without warning

21.Apple of someone’s eye – someone loved very much

22.As the crow flies – measuring distance between two places in a straight line

23.Ask for the moon – to ask for too much24.Asleep at the switch – not to be alert on opportunity

25.At an arm’s length – to keep at a distance

26.At sixes and sevens – to be lost and bewildered

27.At someone’s beck and call – to be always ready to serve28.At the eleventh hour – be too late

29.At the heels of – to follow someone

30.Back to the salt mines – back to something that you don’t want to do31.Bad blood – feelings of hate between two families


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32.Ball of fire – active and energetic

33.Bark up the wrong tree – to make a wrong assumption34.Battle down the hatches – prepare for difficult times

35.Be above board – to be honest and legal

36.Be at each other’s throat – two persons arguing angrily

37.Be at the drum – to speak eagerly about something you support38.Be bouncing off the walls – excited and full of nervous energy

39.Be in seventh heaven – extremely happy

40.Be in the doldrums – not very successful or nothing new is taking place

41.Be on cloud nine – be very happy42.Be on the edge – to be nervous or worried about something

43.Be tailor made – to be completely suitable for someone

44.Beat one’s brain out – to work hard

45.Beat one’s head against the wall – to try to do something that is hopeless46.Begin to see the light – to begin to understand

47.Behind closed doors – done in secret

48.Bend your ears – to talk to someone for a very long time about somethingboring

49.Bent on doing – to be determined to do something

50.Bite off more than one can chew – to do more than one’s ability51.Bite the bullet – to face a difficult situation bravely

52.Bite your tongue – to stop yourself from saying something because itwould be better not to

53.Bitter pill to swallow – an unpleasant fact that must be accepted

54.Black and blue – full of bruises

55.Black sheep of the family – worst member

56.Blessing in disguise – something that turns out to be good which earlireappeared to be wrong

57.Blind leading the blind – someone who does not understand something buttries to explain it to other

58.Blow one’s own horn – to praise one

59.Blow someone’s mind – excite someone60.Blue blood – belonging to high social class

61.Brass monkey weather – extremely cold weather

62.Break the back of – reduce the power of something

63.Break the ice – to make more comfort or relaxed with a person whom youhave not met earlier, to break the silence

64.Bring home the bacon – to earn money to live


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65.Burn a hole in one’s pocket – to spend money quickly

66.Burn the midnight oil – to study till late of night67.Bushman’s holiday – a holiday where you spend doing same thing as you

did at working days68.Button’s one lip – to keep quite

69.Cap it all – to finish

70.Cards are stacked against – luck is against you

71.Carrot and sticks – you use both awards as well as punishments to makesomeone do something

72.Carry coals to new castle – to take something to a place or a person thathas a lot of that thing already

73.Cast a long shadow – something or someone that casts a long shadow hasconsiderable influence on other people or events

74.Change horses in midstream – to change plans

75.Cloak and dragger – when people behave in very secret manner

76.Crack a book – to open book to study77.Cried with eyes out – cried a lot

78.Cross a bridge before one comes to it – worry about the future in advance

79.Dances to the tune – to always do what someone tells you to do

80.Dark house – one who was previously unknown and is not prominent81.Don’t court your chickens before they hatch – do not rely on something

you are not sure of

82.Down to Earth – Practical or humble, unpretentious83.Dressed up to the nines – wearing fancy clothes

84.Drink like a fish – To drink very heavily

85.Drive a wedge between – to break relationship between the two

86.Elephant in the room – ignoring a large, obvious problem or failing toaddress an issue that stands out in a major way

87.Every cloud has a silver lining – To be optimistic, even in difficult times88.Face the music-to accept punishment for something you have done.

89.Fall on your own sword- to be cheated by someone you trust.

90.Feather in one’s cap- something that you achieve and proud of.

91.Feel the pinch- to have problems with money.92.Follow your nose- When giving directions, telling someone to follow their

nose means that they should go straight ahead.

93.Fool's paradise- A fool's paradise is a false sense of happiness or success94.French leave- absent without permission, to take French leave is to leave a

gathering without saying goodbye or without permission.

95.From cradle to grave- during the whole span of your life.


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96.Get a raw deal- not treated equally

97.Get off the hook- free from all obligations98.Gift of the gab- talent of speaking, if someone has the gift of the gab, they

speak in a persuasive and interesting way99.Give someone a bird- make fun

100. Gives cold shoulder- to ignore

101. Give-up the ghost- to die

102. Go tell it to birds- This is used when someone says something thatis not credible or is a lie

103. Go under the hammer- If something goes under the hammer, it issold in an auction

104. Got the slap on the wrist- got light punishment

105. Got the wind up- to be scared

106. Graveyard shift- If you have to work very late at night, it is thegraveyard shift

107. Grease monkey- A grease monkey is an idiomatic term for amechanic

108. Hand to mouth- Someone who's living from hand to mouth, isvery poor and needs the little money they have coming in to cover theirexpenses

109. Have a big mouth- one who gossips more or tells secret

110. Have a one track mind- think only of one thing

111. Have an egg on the face- be embarrassed

112. Have ants in your pants- not be able to keep still because you arevery excited or worried about something.

113. Have clean hands- be guiltless

114. Have eyes bigger than stomach- desiring more food than one caneat

115. Have no truck with- If you have no truck with something orsomeone, you refuse to get involved with it or them

116. Having a whole of a time- to enjoy very much

117. Heart in the right place- good natured118. Heart missed a beat- very excited

119. Himalayan blunder- a serious mistake

120. Hit the bull's-eye- If someone hits the bull's-eye, they are exactlyright about something or achieve the best result possible.

121. Hold one’s horse- be patient

122. Hold water- When you say that something does or does not 'holdwater', it means that the point of view or argument put forward is or is not


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sound, strong or logical. For e.g. 'Saying we should increase our interestrates because everyone else is doing so will not hold water.

123. If the shoe fits, wear it- This is used to suggest that something thathas been said might apply to a person

124. In droves- When things happen in droves, a lot happen at the sametime or very quickly

125. In the doghouse- If someone is in the doghouse, they are indisgrace and veryUnpopular at the moment.

126. In cahoots within a partnership usually for a dishonest reason127. Jack Frost - If everything has frozen in winter, then Jack Frost has

visited.128. Jack the Lad - A confident and not very serious young man who

behaves as he wants to without thinking about other people is a Jack theLad.

129. Jack-of-all-trades- A jack-of-all-trades is someone that can domany different jobs.

130. Jam on your face - If you say that someone has jam on their face,they appear to be caught, embarrassed or found guilty.

131. Jam tomorrow - This idiom is used when people promise goodthings for the future that will never come.

132. Jersey justice - Jersey justice is very severe justice.

133. Jet set - Very wealthy people who travel around the world to attendparties or functions are the jet set.

134. Jet-black - To emphasise just how black something is, such assomeone's hair, we can call it jet-black.

135. Job's comforter - Someone who says they want to comfort, butactually discomforts people is a Job's comforter.

136. Jobs for the boys - Where people give jobs, contracts, etc, to theirfriends and associates, these are jobs for the boys.

137. Jockey for position - If a number of people want the sameopportunity and are struggling to emerge as the most likely candidate, theyare jockeying for position.

138. Joe Public - Joe Public is the typical, average person.

139. Jog my memory- If you jog someone's memory, you say wordsthat will help someone trying to remember a thought, event, word, phrase,experience, etc.

140. Johnny-come-lately - A Johnny-come-lately is someone who hasrecently joined something or arrived somewhere, especially when they wantto make changes that are not welcome.


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141. Join the club - Said when someone has expressed a desire oropinion, meaning "That viewpoint is not unique to you". It can suggest thatthe speaker should stop complaining since many others are in the sameposition. Example: "If this train doesn't come, I'll be late for work!" "Jointhe club!"

142. Joined at the hip - If people are joined at the hip, they are veryclosely connected and think the same way.

143. Judge, jury and executioner - If someone is said to be the judge,jury, and executioner, it means they are in charge of every decision made,and they have the power to be rid of whomever they choose.

144. Juggle frogs - If you are juggling frogs, you are trying to dosomething very difficult.

145. Jump on the bandwagon - If people jump on the bandwagon, theyget involved in something that has recently become very popular.

146. Jump ship - If you leave a company or institution for anotherbecause it is doing badly, you are jumping ship.

147. Jump the broom - To jump the broom is to marry.

148. Jump the gun - If you jump the gun, you start doing somethingbefore the appropriate time.

149. Jump the track - Jumping the track is suddenly changing from oneplan, activity, idea, etc, to another.

150. Jump through hoops - If you are prepared to jump through hoopsfor someone, you are prepared to make great efforts and sacrifices for them.

151. Jump to a conclusion - If someone jumps to a conclusion, theyevaluate or judge something without a sufficient examination of the facts.

152. Jungle out there - If someone says that it is a jungle out there, theymean that the situation is dangerous and there are no rules.

153. Jury's out - If the jury's out on an issue, then there is no generalagreement or consensus on it.Just around the corner- If something is just around the corner, then it isexpected to happen very soon.

154. Just coming up to - If the time is just coming up to nine o'clock, itmeans that it will be nine o'clock in a very few seconds. You'll hear themsay it on the radio in the morning.

155. Just deserts - If a bad or evil person gets their just deserts, they getthe punishment or suffer the misfortune that it is felt they deserve.

156. Just for the record - If something is said to be just for the record,the person is saying it so that people know but does not necessarily agreewith or support it.Just in the nick of time - If you do something in the nick of time, you justmanage to do it just in time, with seconds to spare.


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157. Just off the boat - If someone is just off the boat, they are naiveand inexperienced.

158. Just what the doctor ordered - If something's just what the doctorordered, it is precisely what is needed.

159. Keep ones eye on the ball- be ready for something

160. Kick up a row- to start a fight, to create disturbance

161. Know which way the wind blows- This means that you shouldknow how things are developing and be prepared for the future

162. Left to your own devices- If someone is left to their own devices,they are not controlled and can do whatever they want

163. Let someone slide- neglect something

164. Let the cat out of the bag- reveal the secret165. Like a shag on a rock- completely alone.

166. Like a sitting duck- totally unaware

167. Lion’s share- a major share

168. Loaves and fishes- done for material benefits169. Make a bee line for- to go directly towards something.

170. Make a dry face- show disappointment

171. Make a monkey of someone- If you make a monkey of someone,you make them look foolish

172. Make castles in the air- plans or hopes that have very littlechances of happening.

173. Make ones bed and lie on it- to be responsible for what you havedone and accept the results

174. Man of his word- A man of his word is a person who does what hesays and keeps his Promises

175. Meet ones waterloo- meet ones final end176. Needle in a haystack- If trying to find something is like looking

for a needle in a haystack, it means that it is very difficult, if not impossibleto find among everything around it

177. Never-never land- ideal best place.

178. New brush sweeps clean- 'A new brush sweeps clean' means thatsomeone with a new perspective can make great changes. However, the fullversion is 'a new brush sweeps clean, but an old brush knows the corners',which warns that experience is also a valuable thing

179. No love lost between- dislike180. Nobody’s fool- one who can take care of himself

181. not having a leg to stand for- not having proof

182. Old flames die hard- It's very difficult to forget old things


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183. On pins and needles- If you are on pins and needles, you are veryworried about something

184. On its last legs- in a bad condition and will not last long

185. On the bandwagon- doing something because others are alsodoing it

186. On the hook- If someone is on the hook, they are responsible forsomething.

187. Once in a blue moon- very rarely

188. Only the wearer knows where the shoe pinches- This means thatit's hard to know how much someone else is suffering.

189. Open Pandora’s box- to discover more problems

190. Over the moon- being too happy191. Paper over the cracks- to try to hide something

192. Pick someone to pieces- to criticize sharply

193. Pull up the shocks- do things in the right manner and correctly

194. Put the cart before the horse- doing things in a wrong manner195. Queer fish- A strange person is a queer fish

196. Quiet as a cat- If somebody is as quiet as a cat they make as littlenoise as possible and try to be unnoticeable

197. Quiet as a mouse- If someone's as quiet as a mouse, they makeabsolutely no noise

198. Rack and ruin- If something or someone goes to rack and ruin,they are utterly destroyed or wrecked

199. Rain on your parade- If someone rains on your parade, they ruinyour pleasure or your plans

200. Rake someone over the coals- If you rake someone over the coals,you criticize or scold them severely

201. Read between the lines- read hidden meanings

202. Recipe for disaster- A recipe for disaster is a mixture of peopleand events that could only possibly result in trouble

203. Red carpet- If you give someone the red-carpet treatment, you givethem a specialWelcome to show that you think they are important

204. Red herring- If something is a distraction from the real issues, it isa red herring

205. Red letter day- A red letter day is a one of good luck, whensomething special happens to you

206. Round the houses- If you go round the houses, you do somethingin an inefficient way when there is a quicker, more convenient way


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207. Run into the sand- If something runs into the sand, it fails toachieve a result

208. Salt on the earth- fundamental good people

209. Shake a leg- to go fast, hurry210. Snake in the grass- a hidden army

211. Snake in the shoes- to be in a state of fear

212. Spill the beans- to expose a secret

213. Tables are turned- When the tables are turned, the situation haschanged giving the advantage to the party who had previously been at adisadvantage

214. Take a back seat- choose to decrease involvement

215. Take someone under your wing- If you take someone under yourwing, you look after them while they are learning something

216. Take the cloth- to become a priest

217. Take your medicine- If you take your medicine, you accept theconsequences of something you have done wrong

218. Taking to a brick wall- taking with a no response

219. Talking to a brick wall- If you talk to someone and they do notlisten to you, it is like talking to a brick wall

220. Taste of your own medicine- If you give someone a taste of theirown medicine, you do something bad to someone that they have done toyou to teach them a lesson

221. The apple does not fall far from the tree- Offspring grow up tobe like their parents

222. Though thick and thin- under all conditions223. Threaded his way out- walked carefully through

224. Tit for tat- an action done to revenge against a person who hasdone some wrong to you

225. To bell the cat- to take great risks

226. To blow a fuse- to turn someone angry

227. To crow over- to triumph over someone

228. To look through colored glasses- to look the things not as they are229. Uncharted waters- If you're in uncharted waters, you are in a

situation that is unfamiliar to you, that you have no experience of and don'tknow what might happen

230. Under a cloud- If someone is suspected of having done somethingwrong, they are under a cloud

231. Under fire- If someone is being attacked and criticized heavily,they are under fire


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232. Under lock and key- If something is under lock and key, it isstored very securely

233. Up a river without a paddle- If you up a river without a paddle,you are in an unfortunate situation, unprepared and with none of theresources to remedy the matter

234. Up for grabs- If something is up for grabs, it is available andwhoever is first or is successful will get it

235. Up to the neck- If someone's in something up to the neck, they arevery involved in it, especially when it's something wrong

236. Upset the apple cart- to create difficulty

237. Vale of tears- This vale of tears is the world and the suffering thatlife brings.

238. Vent your spleen - If someone vents their spleen, they release alltheir anger about something.

239. Vicar of Bray - A person who changes their beliefs and principlesto stay popular with people above them is a Vicar of Bray

240. Vicious circle - A vicious circle is a sequence of events that makeeach other worse- someone drinks because they are unhappy at work, thenloses their job... 'Vicious cycle' is also used.

241. Vinegar tits - A mean spirited women lacking in love orcompassion.

242. Virgin territory - If something is virgin territory, it hasn't beenexplored before.

243. Voice in the wilderness - Someone who expresses an opinion thatno one believes or listens to is a voice in the wilderness,especially if provedright later.

244. Volte-face - If you do a volte-face on something, you make asudden and complete change in your stance or position over an issue.

245. Vultures are circling - If the vultures are circling, then somethingis in danger and its enemies are getting ready for the kill.

246. Wait for a raindrop in the drought- When someone is waiting fora raindrop in the drought, they are waiting or hoping for something that isextremely unlikely to happen

247. Walking on broken glass- When a person is punished forsomething

248. Weight one’s word- be careful to what one says249. Wet behind the ears- Someone who is wet behind the ears is either

very young or inexperienced


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Chapter - __

One Word Substitutions

1. A speech delivered without any previous preparation – Extempore2. One who has no money – Pauper3. A place for sick people who need long period of treatment or rest –

Sanatorium4. A great lover of books – Bibliophile5. One who breaks into a house to commit theft – Burglar6. The killing of human beings – Homicide7. The Science which studies the crust of the earth – Geology8. A study of man – Anthropology9. A paper written by hand – Manuscript10. One who collects coins – Numismatists11. One who is skilled in the study of celestial bodies – Astronomer12. Work for which no salary is paid – Honarary13. A writing or speech in praise of someone – Eulogy14. Person who talks a lot – Garrulous15. The meat of deer – Venison16. One who goes on foot – Pedestrian17. Exclusive possession of the trade in some commodity – Monopoly18. A person who regards the whole World as his country – Cosmopolitan19. One who believes in fate – Fatalist20. Someone who knows a lot about the subject – Scholar21. Loss of money – Amnesia22. A person having deep study in a language – Philologist23. One who is free from all mistakes and failures – Infallible24. A person difficult to please – Fastidious25. The home of a large fierce wild animal – Den26. A long pole used for rowing a boat – Oar27. The original inhabitants of a country – Aborigines28. The Science dealing with the motion of projectile like rockets bombs and

shells – Ballistics29. Emblem of medical profession and US army medical corps – Caduceus30. One who is sued by the plaintiff – Defendant31. Persons with unusual or odd personality – Eclectric32. Sworn allegance to a lord – Fealthy33. International distriuction of racial groups – Genocide34. Curve with two distinct and similar branches – Hyperbola35. A line on a map connecting points having the same amount of rainfall in a

given period – Isohyets36. One who is out to subvert a government – Anarchist37. One who murder one’s mother – Matricide38. A lover of God – Philotheist


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39. The Science relating to the formation and development of words –Elymology

40. A shed for motor car – Garage41. One who is easily deceived – Gullible42. Vehicle to carry dead bodies – Hearse43. Person having no knowledge of any happening – Ignorant44. A planned rout or journey, details of travel – Itinerary45. The area over which an official has control – Jurisdiction46. A school for small children – Kindergarten47. The science of reasoning – Logic48. Purely fictitious narrative usually involving supernatural being etc. – Myth49. A person with an evil reputation – Notorious50. One who looks at the bright side of things, somebody positive – Optimist51. A supposed cure for all diseases or problems – Panacea52. Stanza of four lines – Quatrain53. Direct decision by a general vote on the single question – Referendum54. Write hurriedly or carelesslyin regard to hand writing – Scribble55. A writing which end in death or sorrow – Tragedy56. A state of highest perfection – Utopia57. Repetition of word by word – Verbatim58. A man devoid of kind feeling and sympathy – Callous59. Act or art of rhetorical exercise – Declamation60. Sure to produce desired results – Efficacious61. One who thinks only of welfare of women – Feminist62. An animal story with a moral – Fable63. Custom of having many wives – Polygamy64. Group of three novels – Trilogy65. Just punishment for wrong doing – Nemesis66. Man having the qualities of woman – Effeminate67. List of explanation of words – Glossary68. Member of a band of robbers – Brigand69. Old age when a man behaves like a fool – Dotage70. One who cuts precious stones – Lapidist71. One who fights for the sake of money – Mercenary72. One who is more interested in himself – Introvert73. One who lends money at high rate – Usurer74. One who sacrifices his life for country – Martyr75. One who travels from place to place – Itinerant76. Person pretending to be somebody he is not – Imposter77. Person who is against ordinary society especially dressing – Hippy78. Person who regards the whole World as his country – Cosmopolitan79. Places where government records are kept – Archives80. Public building where weapons are made and stored – Arsenal81. Send unwanted person out of the country – Deport82. Stage between boyhood and youth – Adolescence83. Study of statistics of birth, death and diseases – Demography


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84. Things that cannot be understood – Unintelligible85. Walking in sleep – Somnambulism86. One who is all powerful – Omnipotent87. A place for housing aero planes – Hanger88. One who is filled with excessive and mistaken enthusiasm in religious

matters – Fanatic or Bigot89. One who runs away from justice or the law – Fugitive90. Words which are inscribed on the grave or the tomb in the memory of the

buried – Epitaph91. A fault that may be forgiven – Venial92. One who acts against religion – Heretic93. That which can be seen through – Transparent94. A place where money is made – Mint95. Murder of infant – Infanticide96. Able to adapt oneself readily to many sitations – Versatile97. A person who is womanish in his habits – Effeminate98. One who talks continuously – Loquacious99. Animals which live in water – Aquatic100. The life history of a person written by himself – Autobiography101. The art of elegant speech of writing – Rhetoric102. To cut off a part of a person’s body which is infected – Amputate103. A published collection of poems from different poets – Anthology104. A list of books representing some scholarly work for reference –

Bibliography105. A person who eats human flesh – Cannibal106. The Government of people – Democracy107. The practice or custom of marrying only within a local community

– Endogamy108. The time or date, when the day and night are of the same length –

Equinox109. Destruction of red blood cells – Haemolysis110. A person who talks excessively – Loquacious111. Destructive of the kidney – Nephrotoxic112. Extreme fear from strangers – Xenophobia113. A book published after the death of its author – Posthumas114. Belonging to the middle ages – Medieval115. Hard but liable to be easily broken – Brittle116. Misappropriation of money – Embezzlement117. One who dies without a Will – Intestate118. Persons who work together – Colleagues119. Something that cannot be imitated – Inimitable120. That which cannot be conquered – Invincible121. World written on the tomb of a person – Epitaph122. A study of the body – Physiology123. A strong desire to return home or home-sickness – Nostalgia124. One who hates women – Misogynist


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125. One who questions everything – Cynic126. A study of races – Ethnology127. Murder of self – Suicide128. Violating the sanctity of a church – Sacrilege129. A school boy who cuts classes frequently – Truant130. Politicians are notorious for doing undue favour to their relatives –

Nepotism


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Chapter –

Cloze Test

Directions (Q. 1-4) In the sentence below, a word is printed in bold. Below thesentence, five words/group of words are suggested, one of which can replace thebold word, without changing the meaning of the sentence. Find out the appropriateword/group of words in each case.

1. If you familiarize yourself with the culture of that area, you will be able toenjoy life there.a) Submit b) Acquaint c) Associated) Look after e) None of these

2. For such a gigantic task, there should be some special task force.a) Trivial b) Important c) Huged) Gallantry e) None of these

3. If you are required to handle things under stress, mistakes are inevitable.a) Correctable b) Detectable c) Unpardonabled) Unavoidable e) None of these

4. People who trespass this gate will be fined.a) Cross without permissionb) Climb up and cross overc) Break unlawfullyd) Pass one) None of these

Directions (Q. 5-9) Below the four words are given. One of these four words maybe wrongly spelt. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt, if there is any. Thenumber of that word is your answer. If all the words are correctly spelt mark Allcorrect as the answer.

5. Below the four words are given. One of these four words may be wronglyspelt. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt, if there is any. The numberof that word is your answer. If all the words are correctly spelt mark Allcorrect as the answer.a) Adventure b) Demonstration c) Environmentd) Innosent e) All Correct

6. Below the four words are given. One of these four words may be wronglyspelt. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt, if there is any. The numberof that word is your answer. If all the words are correctly spelt mark Allcorrect as the answer.a) Limitasion b) Dependable c) Miniature


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d) Qualitative e) All Correct

7. Below the four words are given. One of these four words may be wronglyspelt. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt, if there is any. The numberof that word is your answer. If all the words are correctly spelt mark Allcorrect as the answer.a) Lucrative b) Ancestral c) Performansed) Incidentally e) All Correct

8. Below the four words are given. One of these four words may be wronglyspelt. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt, if there is any. The numberof that word is your answer. If all the words are correctly spelt mark Allcorrect as the answer.a) Futility b) Separasion c) Embarrassmentd) Positively e) All Correct

9. Below the four words are given. One of these four words may be wronglyspelt. Find out the word which is wrongly spelt, if there is any. The numberof that word is your answer. If all the words are correctly spelt mark Allcorrect as the answer.a) Tournament b) Enhancement c) Amazinglyd) Continuation e) All Correct

Directions (Q. 10-14)A. The researchers in these companies claim that they could do better by allowingtheir employees to doze off at work place.B. The dreams, while at work, are thus helpful to solve crucial problems.C. Would you believe that some UK based companies are arranging for bed at thework place?D. The reason, they claim, could be that dreams produce creative solutions.E. We only hope that these crucial problems in UK are different from those of ours.F. But it is true and is considered as a step to improve quality of their products.

10. Which of the following should be the First sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) None of these

11. Which of the following should be the Third sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) None of these

12. Which of the following should be the Fourth sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) None of these

13. Which of the following should be the Fifth sentence after rearrangement?


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a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) None of these

14. Which of the following should be the Sixth sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) E e) None of these

Directions (Q. 15-18) In the following sentence, an idiomatic expression or aproverb is highlighted. Select the alternative which best describes its use in thesentence.

15. Mrs.Nayak opened the discussion on the alarming rate of poverty in India.a) Started the discussionb) Gave her opinion in the discussionc) Did not agree on the discussiond) Welcomed the people to the discussion

16. The course of events made it necessary for Joseph to start working.a) Events that were plannedb) Long list of future eventsc) A succession of unexpected eventsd) Nature of events that followed after Joseph joined work

17. The new law on 'Right to Food Safety' will come into force next month.a) Be forced upon the peopleb) Be associated from next month onwardsc) Be implemented next monthd) Be withdrawn next month

18. When the girl wanted to stay out past midnight, her father put his footdown.a) Gave in to her requestb) Walked away disapprovinglyc) Obstructed her from leaving the housed) Requested her to be home on time

Directions (Q. 19-23)A. The reasons for their happiness was that they had come to the Vithal temple ofPandharpur to see their beloved Lord.B. There were rich, poor men, women, children, blind, handicapped among them.C. They were all in a very happy state of mind, as was apparent from their glowingfaces.D. They would worship and seek the Divine blessings while in Pandharpur.E. It was an auspicious day and many people had assembled in the temple.F. Though different there was one commonality among.


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19. Which of the following should be the Fourth statement after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) None of these

20. Which of the following should be the Fifth statement after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) None of these

21. Which of the following should be the Sixth statement after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) None of these

22. Which of the following should be the First statement after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) E e) None of these

23. Which of the following should be the Second statement afterrearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) None of these

Directions (Q. 24-28) Which of the phrases given below should be replaced thephrase given in bold in the sentence to make the sentence grammatically meaningfuland correct?

24. There are lot many opportunities for young IT graduates today.a) Lot many ofb) Very many ofc) A lot manyd) No correct required

25. Along the course off his carrer, he has established a reputation forefficiency.a) In the course offb) During the course ofc) While the course ofd) No correct required

26. It is much likely his train has been delayed due to bad weather.a) Quite likely thatb) Mostly like thatc) Much likely thatd) No correct required

27. He answered every question put on him frankly.a) Put for him


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b) Put to himc) Put by himselfd) Putting on him

28. The engineers have been working overtime, but have been not able to locatethe fault.a) Have not been unableb) Are not unablec) Have been unabled) No correct required

Directions (Q. 29-33)A. Besides, they get a lot of exposure to novel things through media.B. Therefore, their mental development did not show any extraordinary signs.C. Children of the present generation appear to be smarter than their earliercounterparts.D. Thus, the environment of present days has brought out these changes.E. This is probably because there are lots of opportunities for their indirect learning.F. Children of yester years did not have these facilities.

29. Which of the following will be the Third sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) None of these

30. Which of the following will be the First sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) None of these

31. Which of the following will be the Sixth sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) None of these

32. Which of the following will be the Second sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) E e) None of these

33. Which of the following will be the Fifth sentence after rearrangement?a) A b) B c) Cd) D e) None of these

Answers:

1. Option B2. Option C3. Option D4. Option A


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5. Option D6. Option A7. Option C8. Option B9. Option E10. Option E11. Option A12. Option D13. Option B14. Option D15. Option A16. Option C17. Option C18. Option C19. Option C20. Option D21. Option B22. Option D23. Option A24. Option C25. Option B26. Option A27. Option B28. Option C29. Option A30. Option C31. Option D32. Option D33. Option B