end show slide 1 of 45 copyright pearson prentice hall 1-3 the study of life = biology
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1-3 The Study of Life = Biology
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1-3 Studying Life
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Characteristics of Living Things
What are some characteristics of living things?
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Characteristics of Living Things
8 Living things share the following characteristics:1. Made up of units called cells2. Reproduce3. Based on a universal genetic code4. Grow and develop5. Obtain and use materials and energy6. Maintain a stable internal environment7. Change over time8. Respond to environment
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Let’s break down the 8 things that making something living!
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1. Made up of Cells
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Cells may be:
• Unicellular- Single celled (microorganisms like what we learned in Pasteur’s experiment)
• Multicellular- Having many cells (humans)
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2. ReproduceAll organisms produce new organisms through a process known as reproduction.
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Two types of Reproduction
Sexual
• 2 ParentsAsexual
• 1 Parent
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3. Genetic CodeDNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a molecule responsible for inheritance of traits. This is known as your genetic code
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Big Ideas in Biology
4 & 5. The need for Matter and Energy.. This allows an organism to grow and develop.
Matter serves as nutrients to build body structure and energy to fuel the processes of life.
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Big Ideas in Biology
Maintain a stable internal environment:
6. Homeostasis
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Big Ideas in Biology
7. Evolution of Organisms
In biology, evolution, or the change in living things through time, explains inherited similarities as well as the diversity of life.
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Big Ideas in Biology
8. Respond to environment
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1-3 Studying Life
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Branches of Biology
How can life be studied at different levels?
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Branches of Biology
Some of the levels at which life can be studied can be organized from smallest to largest:
• Molecules
• Cells
• Organisms
• Populations
• Communities
• Ecosystem
• Biomes
• Biosphere
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Branches of Biology
Molecules
Groups of atoms; smallest unit of most chemical compounds
Water DNA
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Branches of Biology
Cells
Smallest functional unit of life
Nerve cell
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Branches of Biology
Organism
Individual living thing
Bison
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Branches of Biology
Population
Group of organisms of one type that live in the same area
Bison herd
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Branches of Biology
Community
Populations that live together in a defined area
Hawk, snake, bison, prairie dog, grass
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Branches of Biology
Ecosystem
Community and its nonliving surroundings
Hawk, snake, bison, prairie dog, grass, stream, rocks, air
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Biome: large areas on the earth’s surface, with animals and plants adapting to their environment.
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Branches of Biology
Biosphere
The part of Earth that contains all ecosystems
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Here we go!Write your answers down on a sheet of paper.
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1-3
An increase in size is known as
a. growth.
b. metabolism.
c. development.
d. differentiation.
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all living things?
a. use of energy
b. made of cells
c. stable internal environment
d. need for oxygen
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1-3
Which of the following are branches in the study of biology?
a. cells, tissues, organs, and organisms
b. botany, cell biology, ecology, and zoology
c. populations, communities, and ecosystems
d. the genetic code, evolution, and the biosphere
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1-3
The genetic code is carried in
a. Water.
b. DNA.
c. proteins.
d. soil.
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1-3
Which of the following shows the levels of organization in correct order from the simplest to the most complex?
a. organisms, cells, populations, molecules, ecosystems
b. ecosystems, populations, organisms, cells, molecules
c. molecules, cells, organisms, populations, ecosystems
d. molecules, organisms, cells, populations, ecosystems