eman 003 decision making process

7/31/2019 EMAN 003 Decision Making Process

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Decision Making Process


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Decision making might be regarded as a problemsolving activity which is terminated when asatisfactory solution is found.

A major part of decision making involves theanalysis of a finite set of alternatives describedin terms of some evaluative criteria.

These criteria may be benefit or cost in nature.


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Problem Analysis vs Decision Making

It is important to differentiate betweenproblem analysis and decision making.

The concepts are completely separate fromone another.

Problem analysis must be done first, thenthe information gathered in that processmay be used towards decision making.


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Problem Analysis

Analyze performance, what should theresults be against what they actually are

Problems are merely deviations fromperformance standards

Problem must be precisely identified anddescribed


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Problem Analysis

Problems are caused by some changefrom a distinctive feature

Causes to problems can be deducted fromrelevant changes found in analyzing theproblem


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Decision Making

Objectives must first be established

Objectives must be classified and placed inorder of importance

Alternative actions must be developed

The alternative must be evaluated against

all the objectives


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Decision Making

The alternative that is able to achieve allthe objectives is the tentative decision

The tentative decision is evaluated formore possible consequences


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Decision Making

The decisive actions are taken, andadditional actions are taken to prevent anyadverse consequences from becoming

problems and starting both systems(problem analysis and decision making) allover again.


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Decision-Making Stages

There are four stages that should beinvolved in all group decision making

These stages, or sometimes called phases,are important for the decision-makingprocess to begin.


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1. Orientation stage- This phase is wheremembers meet for the first time and startto get to know each other.

2. Conflict stage- Once group membersbecome familiar with each other,disputes, little fights and arguments

occur. Group members eventually work itout.


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3. Emergence stage- The group begins toclear up vague in opinions is talked about.

4. Reinforcement stage- Members finallymake a decision, while justifyingthemselves that it was the right decision.


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Decision-Making Steps

When in an organization and faced with adifficult decision, there are several stepsone can take to ensure the best possible

solutions will be decided.

These steps are put into seven effectiveways to go about this decision making

process.


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The first step - Outline your goal andoutcome. This will enable decision makersto see exactly what they are trying to

accomplish and keep them on a specificpath.


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The second step - Gather data. This willhelp decision makers have actualevidence to help them come up with a

solution.


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The third step - Brainstorm to developalternatives. Coming up with more thanone solution ables you to see which one

can actually work.


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The fourth step - List pros and cons ofeach alternative. With the list of pros andcons, you can eliminate the solutions that

have more cons than pros, making yourdecision easier


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The fifth step - Make the decision. Onceyou analyze each solution, you should pickthe one that has many pros (or the pros

that are most significant), and is a solutionthat everyone can agree with


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The sixth step - Immediately take action.Once the decision is picked, you shouldimplement it right away.


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The seventh step - Learn from, andreflect on the decision making. This stepallows you to see what you did right and

wrong when coming up, and putting thedecision to use

eman 003 decision making process

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