La Clave

Por Tom Margaritondo, Kayla Martinez, Austin Howerton, Allie Gara, y Aaron Cooper

Tabla de Vocabulario: In this unit, you will come across many

important vocabulary words. You will learn different types/genres of music and words that describe the ways of

dancing.

Los Tipos/Gêneros de Musica Latina

Los Palabras Importantes

Palabras que Describe la Danza

● El Flamenco ● Pop Latino ● El Tango ● La Cumbia ● El Texmex ● El Bolero ● La Salsa ● El Regeáton ● El Merengue

● Estilo ● Genero ● Tipo ● Sonido ● Dos palitos

de madera

● Rapido ● Acelerado ● Fuerte ● Romântica ● Melodiosa ● Pegajosa

¿Se puede adivinar las palabras/las frases?(Can you guess the phrase)

● Sus raîces________________________ ● Incorpora una variedad_______________________ ● Llave_______________________ ● Gran popularidad________________________ ● El Origen________________________

Los géneros musicales latinos: In this unit, you will cover and learn about a map of South

America, and also learn where each genre of music originated, and how it came to be.

Can you match the genre of music to its country ?

Countries: Genre of music Mexico Bossa Nova, Tropicalismo

Colombia Balado

Spain El reggaeton, La salsa

Argentina El merengue, La bachata Dominican Republic Tango

Puerto Rico El flamenco Brazil La cumbia Bolivia Mariachi You will learn about the background and how to dance to… El Regeaton https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FBvFOkTJLq0

Reggaeton music has a mixture of Jamaican and Latin American influences, blended with Hip Hop and Electronica beats. Reggaeton usually incorporates rapping in Spanish or English, and its similar lyrical structure to Hip Hop has caused some controversy due to the use of sexual innuendo and explicit lyrics in some of the music. La Salsa https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PfDVnX4j3-w In classes a choreographed sequence is generally taught, but in practice it is an improvised dance. Salsa is the collective term used to describe a variety of dances from various hispanic sources. The diversity of styles that exist are such that dancers often ally themselves to one style to the exclusion of all others. It is generally danced on six beats in every eight. This means that on the fourth and eighth beats no step is taken which gives the dance a staccato like form. El Merengue https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M_BBdnfs79A For the basic step, partners are in the closed position and step from side-to-side in what is known as ‘paso de la empalizada’. This, in turn, moves the hips accordingly. In Ballroom Merengue, a relatively slow tempo is maintained and small steps are taken by the couple, which enables them to circle each other and move around the dance floor. Figure Merengue then combines this basic step with other movements and individual turns by switching to the open hold, but never letting go completely. The steps are kept small and as a result turns should be slow and graceful. Social dancing, or ‘Club Merengue’, is consequently much more suggestive and less serious than the Ballroom variation." El Tango https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7qY0_zp58ow Several different styles of tango exist, each with its own individual flair. Most of the styles are danced in either open embrace, with the couple having space between their bodies, or in close embrace, where the couple is closely connected at either the chest or the hip area. Many people are familiar with "ballroom tango," characterized by strong, dramatic head snaps. El Flamenco https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L5HIkx-qv7g Originally flamenco dancing was not set to music; it was only singing and clapping of hands called “toque de palmas.” Some flamenco dancing still follows ancient tradition, but the use of guitars and other musical instruments has become more popular in modern flamenco. La Cumbia https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zU2FT5Tk5B8 Cumbia began as a courtship dance practiced among the African population, which was later mixed with Amerindian steps and European and African instruments and musical characteristics. Cumbia is very popular in the Andean region and the Southern Cone, and is for example more popular than the salsa in many parts of these regions.

El Bolero https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_bv9YJSjQGE This is a left turning dance based on a "slip pivot" (a slip pivot is a rotation of the body on the ball of the supporting foot creating a pivot either forward or backward). Bolero has body rise only (no foot rise). This coupled with the slip pivot and slow dreamy music gives Bolero a very slow, smooth, powerful, romantic look and feeling. The foot patterns are similar to Rumba but have a very different feeling. La Bachata https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TurPFqF0Meg Bachata is a form of music and dance that originated in the countryside and rural marginal neighborhoods of the Dominican Republic. Its subjects are usually romantic; especially prevalent are tales of heartbreak and sadness. In fact, the original term used to name the genre used to be "amargue" ("bitterness," or "bitter music"), until the rather ambiguous (and mood-neutral) term bachata became popular.

Los Orígenes de salsa: In this unit, you will learn about how and where the salsa originated, who it was created by, and its importance and relovance in today's society.

Salsa is a product of the cuban genres Cuban son montuno, guaracha, chachachá, mambo,

and even some bolero, and Puerto Rican influences from the genres bomba and plena. Salsa also takes its style from merengue, from the Dominican Republic, cumbia, from Colombia, and rock, funk , and jazz from the United States. Salsa first appeared in New York City in the 1970’s. Johnny Pacheco, Héctor Lavoe, and Willie Colón are considered some of the founding fathers of salsa, all of whom were apart of the Fania All-Stars, a group of famous salsa singers and a recording company.

Los Instrumentos De Música Salsa: In this part of the unit, you will learn about which instruments are common in Latino music, and how instruments are used.

Güiro

Consist of an open-ended, hollow gourd with parallel notches cut in one side. It is played by rubbing a stick or tines along the notches to

produce a ratchet-like sound.

Las Maracas

A pair of hollow clublike gourd or gourd-shaped containers filled with beans, pebbles, or similar objects, shaken as a percussion

instrument

Las Congas A Latin American dance of African origin, usually with several

people in a single line, one behind the other. It is a tall, narrow, low-toned drum beaten with the hands.

Los Timbales

A dish of finely minced meat or fish cooked with other ingredients in a pastry shell or in a mold. Paired cylindrical drums played with

sticks in Latin American dance music.

Bongos

A pair of small, long-bodied drums typically held between the knees and played with the fingers.

Los Palitos

A Puerto Rican musical instrument typically 25 cm long and 3 cm in diameter made of wood. One palito is held in one hand, loosely

resting on the palm, and is struck by the other palito in order to create a resonating sound.

La Campana a bell used as an orchestral instrument. Metonymic occupational name for a bell-ringer or

bell-maker, from Italian and Spanish campana 'bell'.

La Guitarra

The Portuguese guitar or Portuguese guitarra. a plucked string instrument with twelve steel strings, strung in six courses

comprising two strings each. It is one of the few musical instruments that still uses Preston tuners.