DROPBOX/PASS UP MIDDLE AGES HW #1

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1. MIDDLE AGES NOTES #2

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MIDDLE AGES NOTES #2

I. Western Europe after Roman EmpiresA. By 500 A.D., Barbarian invasions destroyed the urban- centered (city) life of Western Europe.B. Roads, trade, education, law & order, use of money vanished.C. This marked the beginning of the Dark Ages or Middle Ages.

II. The Early Frankish KingsA. The Franks of France became the strongest of the Germanic or Barbarian groups in Western Europe.

II. The Early Frankish KingsB. Clovis (481-511 AD)

1. Took power in 481 AD in Northern Gaul.2. Soon took Southern Gaul to create present day France.3. Became the first Germanic

ruler to accept Catholicism.

II. The Early Frankish KingsC. Charles Martel (714-741 AD)

1. Took power after a short civil war in 714 AD.2. Defended Catholic Europe from Islamic invasions at the Battle of Tours in 732 AD.

II. The Early Frankish KingsD. Pepin the Short (741-768 AD)

1. Son of Charles Martel2. Took power in 741 AD when his father died.3. Crowned King of the Franks in 751 AD.

II. The Early Frankish KingsD. Pepin the Short (741-768 AD)

4. Protected the Pope from the Lombards.a. Lombards were a Germanic tribe attacking Central Italy.b. The Franks defeated the Lombards and took control of the territory around Rome.c. Pepin gave the land to the Pope.d. This established an alliance between the Franks and the Catholic Church.

II. The Early Frankish KingsD. Pepin the Short (741-768 AD)

4. Protected the Pope from the Lombards.

III. Age of Charlemagne

III. Age of CharlemagneA. Charlemagne (768 – 814 AD)

1. Became king in 768 A.D. after the death of his father Pepin the Short.2. Enlarged the Frankish Kingdom

a. Encouraged development of schools.1. Was illiterate when he took power,

however learned to read and write as king.

b. Built roads and churches throughout kingdom 3. Crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Leo III in 800 A.D.

III. Age of CharlemagneB. Government

1. Divided empire into 350 regions or counties, each region was governed by a count.

2. Established capital city at Aix-la-Chapelle (Known as Aachen today).

3. The Lord’s Messengersa. Appointed by Charlemagne to help run empire.b. Traveled throughout empire to hear

complaints, investigate official misconduct, and to determine if laws were being followed.

c. Made sure the counts were serving the emperor and not themselves.

III. Age of Charlemagne

IV. Decline of the FranksA. After Charlemagne’s death his grandsons fought for

control of the kingdom.1. Treaty of Verdun – divided the kingdom into three parts in 843 AD

a. Charles the Bald – western part (France)b. Louis the German – eastern part (Germany)c. Lothair – became Holy Roman Emperor and ruled the middle from the North Sea to the Italian Peninsula.

IV. Decline of the FranksA. After Charlemagne’s death his grandsons fought for control of the

kingdom.1. Treaty of Verdun – divided the kingdom into three parts in 843 AD

IV. Decline of the FranksA. After Charlemagne’s death his grandsons fought for

control of the kingdom.2. Feuding weakened the kingdom and by 870 AD the middle kingdom was split between the western and eastern parts.

a. Powerful Counts (lords) in these two kingdoms became more powerful and independent.

IV. Decline of the FranksB. Invasion

1. Muslims from Africa attacked Mediterranean coast.2. Slavs from the east raised central Europe.3. Magyars invaded parts of the empire from central Europe.

IV. Decline of the FranksC. The Vikings

1. Scandinavians invaded in the 800s and 900s AD from Norway, Denmark and Sweden.

a. Were primarily farmers, but also gathered, fished, and hunted.b. During spring and summer the Vikings would travel south and west along the coasts of mainland Europe and Britain to raid and loot settlements.c. Eventually settled down and adopted Christianity.

IV. Decline of the Franks

IV. Decline of the FranksC. The Vikings

2. Europe suffered and local nobles began to take control of Europe and develop the Feudal System.

MIDDLE AGES DATABASE PART 11. Feudalism 2. Roman Catholic Church3. The Bishop of Rome 4. Monasteries5. Missionaries 6. The Franks7. Clovis 8. Charles Martel9. Pepin the Short (Include the Lombards)10. Charlemagne 11. Treaty of Verdun12. Muslims, Slavs, & Magyars 13. The Vikings

QUIZ NEXT CLASS (NOTES #1 & #2)

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