dr. roy's everything grammar part i

8/8/2019 Dr. Roy's Everything Grammar Part I

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Dr. RoysEverything

Grammar

Original text by Dr. Roy Beadle

Redesigned for speaking by Dr. Paul R. Friesen


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Part I

TheBasic Sentence


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To the student,

This book begins with fairly easy lessons, and each succeeding onewill add information or become a little more difficult. .You and your

classmates should try to complete as many units as you can in a class

period. When there are instructions to learn a list of words, you

must be sure that you master them perfectly because they will help

you understand a language problem. Remember that the words are

only examples and that usually there are more like them.


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Note:A basic sentence is a statement that has two parts, a subject and a predicate.

Here are some examples. You will note that in these basic sentences the subject will

always come first.

Note:

Basic sentences are not questions, commands, or exclamations.

Subject Predicate (verb)

Girls play.

The girls play quietly.

That boy hit the ball.

Each bird ate some seeds.

Subject Predicate

Our house was painted.

He likes candy.

She waited for us.

We ate the apples.

A subject = the focus of the sentence

= always a noun ~ person, place or thing.

The predicate = the action words that the subject or object does

that affects the subject or object.

Unit 1 Basic Sentences


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Directions:

Identify the subjects in the sentences below by drawing a vertical linebetween them and writing sub for subjectoverthe subjects.Identify the predicates by writing pred for predicateoverthe predicates.The first sentence is marked for you along with a recommended recitation. Thisprocedure will be followed in most of this book.

For Example ---The boys = the subject and tried hard = the predicate.

Try Some More sub. I pred.sub pred.

2. My father cut the grass. ___father / cut the grass

Speaking =My father = the subject and cut the grass = the predicate.

3. He waved to me. __________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

4. A pencil lay on the desk. __________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

5. John went to the game. __________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

sub.I

pred.1. The boystried hard.


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6. The fire scorched the earth. __________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

7. Each boy had a pencil. ___________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

8. I wanted a hat. ________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

9. Our camp was in the woods.________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

10. They lit the lamp quickly. ___________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

11. His house is up the street. __________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

12. Jim enjoyed the pancakes. ___________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

13. Many friends met at the concert. _______________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

14. Dogs bark. __________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________


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15. This house is very dark. __________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

16. Jerry has given me his pencil. _________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

17. That boy is my friend. __________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

18. Some days seem very long. _________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

19. She cried easily. __________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

20. A lamp stood on the desk. __________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

Tell the class about each sentence.

How did you do?


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In this book, we shall use basic sentences to help us identify different classes

of words. Determiners belong to the first group we shall study.Determiners tell us that the word following = a noun. This is true only in

basic sentences.

For Example ---D noun D noun

The man gave me a pencil. The man gave me a pencil.

A determineris a word like ~ the~ or ~ a ~ in this sentence.Memorize

Learn the determiners below and be prepared to write them when your

teacher tells you.

They are in alphabetical order.

a any few many one the those

all each her my our their your

an either his neither some these

another every its no that this

Unit 2 IDENTIFYING DETERMINERS


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Directions:

In the sentences below, write a CAPITAL D for determiner overthe words thatare from the list above.

Write a CAPITALNfor noun over the word that follows the determiner. Thefirst sentence is done for you along with the recommended way to tell the others howthis works.

For Example ---D N D N

1 A door opened to the hall. A door opened to the hall.Speaking:A = a determinerand door a noun.

The = a determinerand hall a noun.You Try Some More2. Each girl seemed happy. _________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

3. An apple stood on the table. ________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

4. Your hat is near the door. ________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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5. Their ideas are good. ________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

6. These flowers smell good. ________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

7. Our school is new. ________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

8. My brother told the story. ________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

9. Your coat is on a hanger. _______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

How are you doing?


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10. My car went into the ditch. _______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

11. That girl gave me an apple. _______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

12. Either road will do. ________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

13. An orchard produced the fruit. _______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

14. Its tail was a stub. _______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

15. Those deer are on the road. _______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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16. Our plans were very detailed. _______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

17. Any idea will help. _______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

18. Those girls helped my mother. ______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

19. Each camper took his tent. _______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

20. The men wanted every board. _______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

21. All men are created equal. _______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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22. Another boy took her book. _______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

23. Their book had many pictures. _______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

24. Neither boy wanted any help. _______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

25. Her hat was on a hook. _______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

How are you doing?


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Homework

Directions

In the spaces below, write some short sentences and identify the determinersand nouns,

_______________________________________

_______________________________________

_______________________________________

_______________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________

_______________________________________

_______________________________________

_______________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________

_______________________________________

_______

Read your sentences to the class!


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Look at the sentences below.

D N

The boy was happy.

In the last unit we learned that the in this position = a determiner.

The word boy = a noun because of its position after the determinerthe.

Again, this occurs only in basic sentences.

For Example ---NMilk tastes good.

In this sentence, milk= a nounbecause of its position as the subjectof thesentence.

The point to remember is that all nouns do not have determiners before them.There are many words that can be substituted for milk as the subject of this sentence.How about candy, bread, sugar, corn, cereal, apples, etc.? These words are callednouns.

Directions

In the sentences on the next page, write a capitalD over the determiners and acapital N over the nouns. If a word occupies the position of the subject of thesentence and has no determiner before it, label it as a noun.


1. Their pencils were on the floor. Their pencils were on the floor.

Speaking: Their= a determiner and pencils a noun. The= a determiner and

floora noun.

Unit 3 IDENTIFYING NOUNS


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N D N

2. John hid behind the tree. John hid behind the tree.

Speaking: John = a noun because of its position as the subject of the sentence.The = a determiner and tree = a noun.

You Try Some More

3. My father came to our picnic. ______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

4. Trees give us some shade.

______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

5. Many parks are quite clean. ______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

6. The game was a pleasure. ______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

7. Jim ran down the street. ______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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8. The men did their work. ______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

9. Susan hid behind a tree. ______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

10. A rock rolled down the hill. ______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

11. Each day gives us some fun. ______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

12. Cars sped down the road. ______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

13. A weasel crossed the creek. ______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

14. His cat chased the dog. ______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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15. My ball hit a window. ______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

16. Tom lay inside our hammock. ______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

17. Their cabin was among the trees. ____________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

18. Your dog ran after the rabbit. ______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

19. People stood quietly. ______________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

20. Every lamp stood on the floor. _____________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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There are other markers, or signals for nouns.

Note:Plural = more than one and Singular = one.

For Example ---D N

The boys were happy.

The s on boys is a signal for the plural ending of not only boys but most nouns.

Examples: does, houses, farms, cars, books, etc.

D N

Their losses were many.

The es on losses is also a signal of many nouns. Nouns ending in h, x, z, also a signal for theplural end, and ~ form their plural by adding es to the singular.

Examples: wish ~wishes, church ~ churches, tax ~ taxes, waltz ~ waltzes.

D N

The oxen pulled hard.

The en on oxen also indicates the plural ending of a noun.

D N D N

The deer grazed on the hill.

Nouns like deer are said to have zero endings becausethey do not change their form from the

singular.

Note:

There are a few nouns that form their plural by internal change within the word.

Example: foot ~ feet; mouse ~ mice; man ~ men.

UNIT 4 THE PLURAL ENDINGS OF NOUNS


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Directions

In the sentences below, underline the plural endings like s, es, or en to help you identifynouns.

Write D for determiner and N for noun.

For Example ---N D N

1. Benches were stacked in the hall. Benches were stacked in the hall.

Speaking: Benches = a plural noun because of its es ending. Hall = asingularnounbecause of the determiner before it.

You Try Some More

2. Dogs and cats are our pets. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

3. The boxes lay on the floor. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

4. Lilies bloomed in the valleys. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

5. Cows ate with the calves. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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6. The nights were long. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

7. The boys served the food. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

8. The women enjoyed the waltzes. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

9. Some flies were on the tables. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

10. The axes stood in the corner. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

11. My teeth were clean. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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12. Mary gave it to the children. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________13. Classes passed in the hall. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

14. The sheep are in the pasture. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

15. Churches are built yearly. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

16. The men are the bosses. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

17. His wishes came true. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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18. Some ladies are waiting. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________19. John surrendered to his enemies. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

20. The citizens paid the taxes. __________________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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Directions

In the spaces below, write sentences illustrating the s, es or en plural endings. Label thedeterminers and nouns.

____________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________


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UNIT 5THE POSSESSIVE ENDING OF NOUNS


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An apostrophe () or anapostrophe- s ('s) is a signal of the possessive ending of nouns. Thewords are then called possessive nouns.

Possessive means ownership.

For Example ---The dog's paw was injured.

dog's is a possessive noun.

A possessive noun

signals another noun.

In the sentence, Thedog's paw was in the

noun paw.

The possessive noun dog's signals injured.

Directions

Identify the determiners and nouns in the sentences below.

WritePoss. Nover the possessive nouns.

For Example ---D N Poss.N N

1. The boys tore Bill's shirt. The boys tore Bill's shirt.

Speaking: Boys= a noun because of the determinerthe. Bill's= a possessive noun

because of the apostrophe - s, and shirt= a noun signalled by the possessive nounBill's.

Singular Plural Singular Possessive Plural Possessive

boy boys boy's hat boys' hats

man men man's coat men's coatschild children child's doll children's dolls


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You Try Some More

2. John's sister came with us. ___________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

3. The men's hats were brown. ____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

4. Explorers' maps are available. ____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

5. Joe pulled the pony's mane. ____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

6. The class read Dickens' prose. ____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

7. The mothers' tea lasted long. ____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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8. Tim's pencil is on the desk. ______________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________9. Each class read the author's book. ______________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

10. Some men pushed Jim's car. ______________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

11. Our home is near Jack's house. ______________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

12. Any boy would like Tom's bike. ______________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

13. That animal is Joan's cat. ______________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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14. Sally's picture is on the wall. ______________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________15. The man's wife is here. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

16. Some girls rode in Jerry's boat. ______________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

17. My father borrowed Tom's ladders. ______________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

18. Harry's brother came with the men. ______________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

19. The children's wagons were on the street. _______________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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Your Turn

In the spaces below, write sentences which include possessive nouns. Label all determiners and

nouns.

____________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Read your sentences to the class!


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Suffixes endings like dom, ness, and ismare added to wordsand are also signals of nouns.

For Example ---kind-kindness ~ king-kingdom ~ communecommunism

Learn the suffixes below as noun signals.

Directions

In the sentences below,- - look for the suffixesabove and underline them.

+ label the determiners and nouns.

D N Poss.N N1. The man prepared Jim's statement. The man prepared Jim's statement.

Speaking:Man = a noun because of the determiner the. Jim's is a possessive nounbecause of the apostrophes, andstatementis a noun because of thementsuffix,

You Try Some More

2. The singer pleased nearly everyone. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

ism Americanism age shortage

ist artist ful spoonful

er teacher ment judgment

ness likeness dom kingdom

ance remembrance

hood manhood

ster youngster ence difference

UNIT 6 NOUN SUFFIXES


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3. The author was a humorist. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________4. The Russians practice Communism. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

5. His weakness is evident. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

6. The preacher was very unhappy. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

7. Some differences are obvious. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

8. His criticism seems unjust. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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9. The soldiers were terrorists. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

10. The argument appeared useless. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

11. Some people appreciate your kindness. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

12. Those officers caught the gangster. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

13. My assistant will help you. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

14. The man is a pantomimic. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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15. Some annoyances bother the boys. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

16. His neatness was appreciated. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

17. Her sister ate a spoonful. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

18. Your judgment will help the plan. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

19. The girls studied our government. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

20. One difference seemed clear. _____________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

How are you doing?

Tell the class about a sentence!


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You Try

In the spaces below, write some basic sentences in which you try to use some of the

suffixes above. Labelalldeterminers and nouns.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

_______________________________________

How are you doing?


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Summary

Noun Signals


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Whatdidwelearn??

1. In basic sentences only, determiners tell us that the word following = a noun.

D N D N

Each boy worked the problem.

2. A noun will often occupy the subject position in a basic sentence.

N

Cars raced around the building.

3. Plural endings like s, es, and en often signal nouns,

N N NThe toysof the children were often placed in the churches.

4. An apostrophe () or apostrophe - s (s) = a signal for a possessive noun.

Poss, N N Poss. N N

The children's work often helped the ladies' projects,

5. Noun suffixes often signal nouns.

His differences were with the government.

6. Although we have had no unit on this, remember that capitalized words also indicate nouns.

N N N N N

It happened in June at Comstock Park near Jackson, Montana.

It is important to understand that there may be more than one clue to discover that a word is a

noun.

We call these structural clues.


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For Example ---We know that the word differences in sentence #5 above is a noun for several reasons.

Noun Clues(1) It occupies the position of the subject in a basic sentence.(2) The word the = a determiner telling us that a noun follows.

(3) The s ending is a plural ending for most nouns.

(4) The ence suffix helps us identify the word as a noun.

All these clues operate within the structure of the sentence to help

us identify nouns.

Now write the six clues under ,Whatdidwelearn??,for identifying nouns again.1. ____________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________

6._____________________________________________________

Silly Sentence PracticeSometimes one can write Silly sentences and find the nouns by looking for structural clues.

D N D N D N

Some kirbes tookeach gobment to the splingness.

We know that kirbes= a noun because of (1) its position, (2) the es ending, and (3) the

determiner some.

Gobment = a noun because of (1) the determiner each, and (2) the ment ending.

Splingness = a noun because of (1) the determiner the, and the (2) ness ending.


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Your Turn to Try

Can you identify the nouns in the following nonsense sentences?

1. His fomps are by the tampster.____________________________________________

2. My libes walked over the turler.____________________________________________

3. Some Moden gave me some roxes.

____________________________________________

4. Neither mabes are for either dirgdom.

____________________________________________

5. Our dasks seem near the enden.

____________________________________________

6. Many moshences are by his stooner.

____________________________________________

7. The blibism kept their orgful.

____________________________________________

8. Her keepness is a frug.____________________________________________

9. That morko walked by Dirneys.____________________________________________

10. Several koobes told about a drup.

____________________________________________

11. A minnikin fell by your scrops.

____________________________________________

12. All baktion are in your cares.____________________________________________


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Homework Fun

Write a few of your own silly

sentences and identify the nounsand determiners

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Did you Have Fun?


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UNIT 8 IDENTIFYING SUBJECT PRONOUNS


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Look at the sentences below.

D NThe boy was happy.

We may substitute the word he for The boy in the position of the subject in this sentence.

For Example ---He was happy. He = called apronoun.

NJane was happy.

We may substitute the word she for Jane.

For Example ---She was happy. She = called apronoun.

NMilktastes good.

We may substitute the word it for milk.

For Example ---It tastes good.It = apronoun.

We have seen that he, she, and it can be substituted in the position of nouns usedas the subject in the sentences above.

Words that regularly occupy noun positions, or that can be substituted for nouns arecalled pronouns. For this reason, pronouns are often called substitute words.

The subject forms of pronouns that you should now learn are I,you, she, he, it, andthey.

Directions


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In the sentences below, identify the determiners and nouns in the first sentence of thepair, and

then write pron. for pronoun over the words which substitute for the nouns.

Draw a vertical line between the subject predicate (verb).


1. The man went to his car.

Speaking:Man = a noun because of the determinerthe, and car= a noun because of the

determinerpronoun his.

Pron. D N

2. He went to his car.

Speaking: He is a pronoun because it is a substitute for The man. Car is a noun because ofthe determiner pronoun his.

3. A girl sat on the swing.She sat on the swing.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

4. The dog was lazy.It was lazy.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

5. The boys left early. They left early.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

6. Sharon is my name.


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I am a girl.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

7. A woman sat on the chair.

She sat on the chair.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

8. My father helped the man.He helped the man.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

9. The money is hidden.It is hidden.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

10. The items lay on the desk.

They lay on the desk.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

11. My teacher came into the room.She came into the room.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

12. The water dripped for an hour.It dripped for an hour.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

13. Joyce is my name.


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I am a girl.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

14. Your name is John.You are John.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

15. Some cars ran off the road.

They ran off the road.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Write a few to try for Yourself

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Are you Having Fun Yet?

UNIT 9 IDENTIFYING OBJECT PRONOUNS


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The object pronouns are I, you, him, her, it, they, and them.

One more time

The object pronouns are I, you, him, her, it, they, and them.

These are VERY IMPORTANTfor EVERYTHING in ENGLISH.

Object pronouns occur in the verb/action part of basic sentences.

For Example ---D N Pron.

The car bumped them.

Them = an object pronounof the verb bumped them.

Pron, D N Pron.

She gave the book to him.

She = a subject pronoun and him an object pronoun.

Directions

Identify the determiners, nouns, and ALL pronouns in the sentences below.

Draw a vertical line between the subject verbfirst.

For Example ---Pron. D N Pron.

1. She gave the ball to me. She gave the ball to me.

Speaking: She = a subjectpronoun, ball = a noun because of the determiner the, and me

= an object pronoun


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Do Some More For Fun

2. The ball hit him. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

3. We met them at the park. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

4. The crowds applauded us. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

5. Ellen saw me at the movie. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

6. His acts displeased me. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

7. Tom took him to the movie. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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8. I saw them at the game. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________9. John sold us a ticket. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

10. She gave me some paper. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

11. It flew under him. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

12. They laughed at her. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

13. You showed me your book. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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14. The grocer sold me a steak. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________15. He sat by me. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

16. She pushed us. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

17. It is for him. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

18. We ran after them. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

19. I told him about it. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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Directions

In the spaces below, write basic sentences with subject and object pronouns. Identify

determiners, nouns, and pronouns.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________

Hope you had fun!


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The words all, any, another, each, either, every, few, many, neither, only and some that we

learned as determiners ~ determiners when they are used before a noun.

We call themfunctionwords because they help us identify nouns.

The same words, all, any, another , each, either, every, few, many, neither, one, and only arecalled indefinite pronouns when they are usedalone. Learn them.

For Example ---D N

Each boy helped us.

Here each = a determiner; it determines that boy = a noun.

IP = indefinite pronoun

I P

Each helped us. The symbol IP identifies each as an indefinite pronoun.

Directions

In the sentences below, identify determiners, nouns, and indefinite pronouns. Use the symbol

IP for indefinite pronouns.


1. Each man had a boat.

Speaking: Man = a noun because of the determinereach; boat = a noun because of thedeterminera.

IP D N2.Each had a boat. Each had a boat.

Speaking: Each = an indefinite pronoun; boat = a noun because of the determiner a.


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Write your explanation on the Speaking lines. Then take turns in class reading yourexplanation out loud to your classmates.

3. Many children like a circus.Many like a circus.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

4. Any day is satisfactory.Any will do.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

5. One lay on the floor.

One lay on the floor.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

6. Some boys helped us.

Some helped us.Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

7. Few people attended the game.

Few attended the game.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________8. Both bats were broken.

Both were broken.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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9. Some houses were painted.

Some were painted.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

10. Two balls floated on the water.

Two floated on the water.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

11. Each child walked in line.Each walked in line.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

12. Many fans were at the game.Many were at the game.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

13. Some birds were on the lawn.

Some were on the lawn.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

14. Any reading appears satisfactory.Any appears satisfactory.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

15. Neither boy tried hard.Neither tried hard.

Speaking Speaking

=____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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16. Another plane crashed.

Another crashed.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

17. All cats are animals.

All are animals.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

New Idea

Write your own sentences using the IP.

Tell them to the student beside you (the first sentence) and askthem to repeat it back to you with the IP (the second sentence).

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Wow!!! That was Fun. I love GRAMMAR


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UNIT 11DETERMINER OR DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN?


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The words this, that, these, and those are determiners when they stand before a noun.

Their function or task is to tell us that the next word = a noun.

They are called demonstrative pronouns when they are used alone. The word demonstrativemeansto point out.

For Example ---D N

This hat is too large.Here this is adeterminer (this) identifying hat as anoun.

DPThis is too large.In this sentence, this is a demonstrative pronoun becausethis andthat are singular;these and

those are plural. This is usedalone.

Directions

In the sentences below, label the determiners and nouns. When this, that, these, or

those is used alonein the subject position, label it DP fordemonstrative pronoun.

D N D N

1. That boy is my friend.

Speaking: boy= a noun because of the determinerthat.friend = a noun because of the determinermy.

DP D N

2. That is my cap. That is my cap.

Speaking: That = a demonstrative pronoun;cap = a noun because of the determinermy.


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3. These pencils are sharp.

These are sharp.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

4. That road has many bumps.That is very true.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

5. This coat is mine.

This is mine.

Speaking Speaking

=____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

6. Those apples appear spoiled.Those appear spoiled.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

7. This lake has many fish.

This is my ball.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

8. Those buildings are tall.

Those are really tall.Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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9. That picture is unusual.

That is unusual.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

10. These books are dusty.

These are dusty.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

11. Those dresses are too large.Those are too large.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

12. That movie was good.That is my house.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

13. This page is torn.

This is torn.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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Directions

In the spaces below, write sentences using this, that, these, and those as determiners anddemonstrative pronouns.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

__________________________________________

Wow!!! That was Fun. I love GRAMMAR


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Summary


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In this book you find several pages like this one which willsummarize the previous pages to help you bring togetherthoughts covered.

You should study this section carefully and review the otherpages from 1-12 and prepare for Test 1.

The procedure will be followed throughout the book. There will bea number of pages of explanation followed by a test.

VOCABULARY and SYMBOL Review

SYMBOL WORD PRONUNCIATION

1, sub. subject sub'ject

2. pred. predicate pred'i-cate

3. D determiner de-ter1min-er

4. N noun noun

5. S singular sing'u-lar

6. P plural plu'ral

7. Poss. N possessive noun pos-ses'sive

8. suffix suf'fix

9. structural struct'ur-e.l

10. Pron. pronoun protnoun

11, function func'tion

12. IP indefinite pronoun in-def'in-ite

13. DP demonstrative pronoun de-mon'stra-tive

SUMMARY

Be sure you know how topronounce these words and how they arespelled.


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Whatdidwelearn??

1. A basic sentence = a statement that has two parts, a subject and a predicate.

Basic sentences are notquestions, commands, or exclamations.

2. A determiner helps signal a noun.

Go back to the Lesson on this topic for the chart.

3. Nouns = words like man, tree, ground, etc.

They may or may not have determiners before them.

One can usually identify a noun by its position as the

subject of a basic sentence.

4. Singular = one.

plural, = more than one,

5. Most nouns form their plural by adding s.

Nouns ending ins, x, z, sh, andch form their plurals

by adding (+)es to the singular.

Nouns spelled the same in the singular and plural have NO ADDED endings .

Some nouns have internal changes like man, men.

6. An apostrophe (') and an apostrophe - s ('s)= signals for thepossessive noun.

7. Suffixes likeness,dom, andance often signal a noun.

8. I, you, he, she, it, we, and they = subjectpronouns.Me, you, him, her, it, us, and them = object pronouns.

9. Some determiners are either indefinite pronouns or demonstrative pronounswhen they stand alone. Go back to this section for REVIEW.


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Part II

Verbs


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A verb is a word like drive, sing, jump, or throw.

These words show present time and are said to be in the present tense. Tense,

therefore, means time.

One character of a verb = its ability to showpast time. The verbs above, if you

write or speak them are; drove, sang, jumped, or threw showpast time and we say

they are, in the past tense.

Also, many verbs can be identified because they show action.

D N V D N

A man drives a car.

A word can be identified as a verb by its positionafter thesubject of a basic

sentence. Other words which could fit into the blank _____ = polishes, repairs,

sells, pushes, etc.

These words = all verbs because they can replace the word drives in the basic

sentence we used above.

A man = the complete subject.

drivesa car = the complete verb.

Note:The s ending on drives is a signal for what is known as thethird person singular form.

The personspeaking = First person - I, we [I drive]

Person spokento = Second person - you [You drive]

Person spokenof = Third person- he, she, it, they

[He drives]

Unit 1 IDENTIFYING VERBS (1)


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Directions

In the sentences below, identify the nouns, pronouns, determiners, and present tense verbs.

Use a capital V for verb.

For Example ---N V Pron D N

1. Joe goes with him each day. Joe goes with him each day.

Speaking: Joe = a noun, goes a verb because of its position.him = apronoun, and day a noun because of the determiner each.

2. I go with him on Monday. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

3. The boy throws well. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

4. Jane buys candy at the store. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

5. I do my work carefully. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


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6. Jerry does his work well. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

7. You give me that book. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

8. Tom grows apples on his farm. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

9. The sun rises each morning. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

10. We write to them on Tuesday. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

11. I see your ball on the field. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________12 A deer walks near the fence. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


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13. Each boy sings well ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________14. Her brother walks by the church. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

15. My dog barks loudly _______________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

16. She tells that story ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

17. That man plays hard ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

18. I like pop. ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

19. We enjoy each meal ________________________________

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


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Directions

See if you can find six verbs to fill the position of the blank in this sentence.I __________ candy.

I __________ candy.

I __________ candy.

I __________ candy.

I __________ candy.

I __________ candy.

Did you Have Fun?


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UNIT 2 IDENTIFYING VERBS (2)


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Verb forms like sang orjumpedare calledpast tense (V-ed) because they indicate an actionbefore the moment of speaking.

For Example ---D N V-ed D NThe girlssang the song.

The verbsang in this position = a verb in thepast tense

and is indicated by the symbolV-ed.

Directions

Identify determiners, nouns, pronouns, and verbs in the sentences below.

Write V-edto symbolize the past tense verb.

For Example ---D N V-ed D N

1. Some boys jumped into the lake.

Speaking: Some = adeterminer , boys = a noun, jumpeda past tense verb,the adeterminer, and lake a noun.

cap = a noun because of the determinermy.


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2. He broke the window.He = _____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

3. A bee stung the man.

____ = ____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

4. Father bought a tire.____ = ___________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

5. The fielder caught the ball.

____ = __________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

6. Each child drew a picture.____ = ____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

7. I ate the cake.

____ = ____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

8. Jerry fell into the puddle

____ = ____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

9. Some players fought hard

____ = ____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

10. Most people gave a lot.

____ = ____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________


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11. A ship went by the pier.

____ = _______________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

12. Many flowers grew slowly.____ = ______________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

13. We hopped up the steps

____ = _____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

14. I knew the poem well

____ = ____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

15. John lay there an hour.

____ = ____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

16. She rose from the bed.____ = ____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

17. Several students knew about it.

____ = ____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

18. They showed us the pictures.

____ = ____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

19. The boys swam to the dock.

____ = ____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________


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Can you now tell the difference between a past tense verband the present tense ?

Mark thepresent tenseVand the past tenseV-ed.

For Example ---D N V D N = present

A. Our team wins each game.

D N V-ed D N = pastB. Our team won each game.

1. I got up early. V-ed = pastI got up early.Do Some More For Fun

=

2. Grace wore a hat. _________________________

=

3. Grace wears a hat. _________________________=

4. I get up early. _________________________

=

5. I got up early. _________________________

=

6. She springs to the saddle _________________________

=

7. She sprang to the saddle. _________________________

=8. Most parents pay taxes. _________________________

=

9. Most parents paid taxes. _________________________

=

10. Each boy wants the bicycle. _________________________


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=

11. Each boy wanted the bicycle. _________________________

=

12. A thief stole the money. _________________________

=

13. He tries hard. _________________________

=

14. Judy took the bus this morning. _________________________

=

15. We dive with glee. _________________________

=

16. We dived with glee. _________________________

=

17. Tom took the car that night. _________________________

=18. Tom takes it each day. _________________________

=

19. Tom took it each day. _________________________

=

20.A thief steals the money. ________________________

How are you doing?Are you having fun yet?


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Verbs may have auxiliaries, or helpers.

Let me show you

D N Aux. V D N

Each boy may take his bat.

In this sentence, may is an auxiliary verb and along with take, constitute a verb

phrase, may take.

Auxiliaries are like determiners in that the following word often is a verb.

However, we will learn that auxiliaries are sometimes used alone.

Auxiliaries are also called function words because their job = to help identify

the verb. It would be well to remember that there is only oneverb or verb

phrase in our basic sentences.

Learn the following auxiliaries.

does ~ has can ~ could may ~ might must ~ shall

do ~ did should ~ will have ~ had would

DirectionsIdentify determiners, nouns, pronouns, and verbs in the sentences below. Write Aux. forauxiliary over the helping verbs.

For Example ---D N Aux. V D N

1. The dog may bite the postman.

Speaking: Dog = a noun because of the determinerthe,maybite = a verbphrase,

and postman = a noun because of the determinerthe.



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2. She can sing very well.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

3. Mother has bought the hat

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

4. The boy might catch us.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

5. Each boy does try hard.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

6. The boys should draw the pictures.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

7. He will eat the salad.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


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8. The men will hear us

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

9. Sandy may know about the plans

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

10. I can prove that story.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

11. Most children must rise early.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

12. We shall tear the paper.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

13. Joe might write the letter

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


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14. Chris did write the letter.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________15. We shall eat our lunch.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

16. Tom will sing for us.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

17. They have played all morning.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

18. The skies could clear soon.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

19, Our parents would want it.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


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Directions

In the spaces below, write sentences using the auxiliaries with the present form of the verb. Label

the other words as you have been doing.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

_______________________________________________

Are you having fun yet?


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Have, has, and hadmay be verb forms by themselves.

For Example ---D N V D N

The boys have a football.

Have, has, and hadmay signal a verb form

called thepast participle.

D N Have + en D N

Each boy has bought a football.

In this sentence, has signals thepast participle form of the verb.

We will use the symbolHB;e+en for thepast participle.

Do, does, and didmay be verb forms by themselves.

For Example ---N V D N D N

Jim does his work every day.

Do, does, and didmay signal a verb form called theemphatic form.

D N N-Aux. VThe boy did try hard.



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6. Jim has written the letter.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

7. Some boys have the prize.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

8. Some boys have taken the prize.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

9. Each child has a book.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

10. Each child has read a book.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

11. A man had the key.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

12. A man had taken the key.

Speaking =____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


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A Little Change ---Dont get confused

For Example ---N V D N D N

1. Joy does the dishes each morning.

Speaking:Joy = a noun because of its position as the subject

Does = apresent tense verb.

Dishes = a nounindicated by the

+ Morning = a noun indicated by the determinereach.Your Turn ---2. Joy does try hard.

Speaking =_________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

3. The men do the chore well.

Speaking =_________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

4. The men do leave early.

Speaking =_________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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5. I did the lesson easily.

Speaking =_________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

6. I did learn the lesson.

Speaking =_________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

7. June does the laundry.

Speaking =_________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

8. June does rinse the clothes.

Speaking =_________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

9. Several boys do the work.

Speaking =_________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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10. Several boys do loaf in the hall.

Speaking =_________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

11. Many birds did fly over the house.

Speaking =_________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

12. We do go in the afternoon.

Speaking =_________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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The verb - to BE - has eight forms: be, was, were, is, am, are, been, and being

Learn and Practice these eight forms now

before you go on.

D N Be D NThe boys are my friends.

In this sentence, are = form ofto BEand we label itBe.

D N Be+V+ing D N

The boys are going to the lake.

In this sentence, are going = a verb phrase. Are signals a verb form as the present

participle.

The ing = an ending signalling the present participle form.

Directions

Identify determiners, nouns, pronouns, and verb forms in the

sentences below.

Mark the verbs like the sentence above.

For Example ---Pron. Be D N

1. I am a boy.

Speaking: I = a pronoun

Am = a form of be

+ Boy = a noun indicated by the determiner a.

Pron. Be+V+ing D N

2. I am going for a walk.

8/8/2019 Dr. Roy'

dr. roy's everything grammar part i

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