Why is Latin America Why is Latin America called “latin” America?called “latin” America?
The ancient Roman Empire spoke The ancient Roman Empire spoke Latin from 100B.C.-400 A.D.Latin from 100B.C.-400 A.D.
They controlled what is modern-day They controlled what is modern-day France, Spain, and PortugalFrance, Spain, and Portugal
After the fall of the empire, Latin After the fall of the empire, Latin turned into French in France, turned into French in France, Spanish in Spain, Portuguese in Spanish in Spain, Portuguese in PortugalPortugal
In the 1500’s A.D., Spain conquered In the 1500’s A.D., Spain conquered the “new world” in South Americathe “new world” in South America
They forced the people to learn They forced the people to learn Spanish, a language based on LatinSpanish, a language based on Latin
Today, the areas where Spain, Today, the areas where Spain, Portugal, and France (but mainly Portugal, and France (but mainly Spain) conquered is called “Latin” Spain) conquered is called “Latin” AmericaAmerica
History - continued History - continued The spoken languages are the The spoken languages are the
result of the conquistadors.result of the conquistadors. Legacy of slavery – from Legacy of slavery – from
1600-1800 A.D. more African 1600-1800 A.D. more African slaves were taken to Brazil - slaves were taken to Brazil - 3.6 million than to America – 3.6 million than to America – 650,000650,000
So Brazil’s population is highly So Brazil’s population is highly diverse, with a large percentage of diverse, with a large percentage of African BraziliansAfrican Brazilians
1800’s – Revolutions all over 1800’s – Revolutions all over for independence against for independence against Spanish leaders took placeSpanish leaders took place
Today – most countries are Today – most countries are democratic with lingering democratic with lingering dictatorshipsdictatorships
Page 204Page 204
1.1. Define: Define: ConquistadorConquistador – Spanish word for – Spanish word for conqueror; (b) conqueror; (b) cultural convergence cultural convergence – – merging of culturesmerging of cultures
2.2. What countries does France still own?What countries does France still own?France still owns French Guiana, Martinique, France still owns French Guiana, Martinique,
GuadeloupeGuadeloupe
Page 206Page 2061.1. Where would you expect to find tectonic plate Where would you expect to find tectonic plate
boundaries in Latin America? boundaries in Latin America? Whenever a Whenever a tectonic plate smashes into another one, usually tectonic plate smashes into another one, usually a mountain range forms. So the west coast, a mountain range forms. So the west coast, where the Andes Mountain Range is, is the where the Andes Mountain Range is, is the tectonic plate fault line.tectonic plate fault line.
2.2. Based on the map, why do you think engineers Based on the map, why do you think engineers would have chosen Panama for a canal? would have chosen Panama for a canal? Because Because it is the narrowest point between the two it is the narrowest point between the two continents and they wouldn’t have to dig as far.continents and they wouldn’t have to dig as far.
Page 208Page 2081.1. DefineDefine: : tropical storm tropical storm – storm with winds at least 39 mph; – storm with winds at least 39 mph;
hurricaneshurricanes – winds at least 74 mph, and in cyclone pattern; – winds at least 74 mph, and in cyclone pattern; El El Nino Nino – ocean current in the Pacific Ocean that warms the – ocean current in the Pacific Ocean that warms the cost of Peru and causes floods and droughts other places in cost of Peru and causes floods and droughts other places in the world.the world.
2.2. Name two cities of Latin America that lie within a tropical Name two cities of Latin America that lie within a tropical wet climate region. wet climate region. Bogota, Columbia and Rio de Janeiro, Bogota, Columbia and Rio de Janeiro, BrazilBrazil
3.3. Would you expect Bolivia to be more strongly affected by Would you expect Bolivia to be more strongly affected by hurricanes or by El Nino? hurricanes or by El Nino? Probably El Nino because El Nino Probably El Nino because El Nino begins off the coast there and causes hurricanes in other begins off the coast there and causes hurricanes in other parts of the world.parts of the world.
Page 212Page 2121.1. Define: Define: mestizomestizo – native American and European – native American and European
descent; descent; mulattomulatto – European and African – European and African2.2. What are the four largest cities in Latin America? What are the four largest cities in Latin America?
Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires, Mexico Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires, Mexico City. City. (b) Describe the relative location?(b) Describe the relative location? Ex. Rio de Ex. Rio de Janeiro is south of Mexico city but North of Buenos Janeiro is south of Mexico city but North of Buenos Aires.Aires.
3.3. How might the map look if Brazilians continue to How might the map look if Brazilians continue to migrate to urban areas? migrate to urban areas? The East coast will The East coast will become more populated.become more populated.
Page 214Page 2141.1. What effect might agricultural expansion have on What effect might agricultural expansion have on
rainforests? rainforests? The rain forest will be cleared away to The rain forest will be cleared away to make more room for farms.make more room for farms.
2.2. Based on climate and topography, how would you Based on climate and topography, how would you explain the distribution of economic activities in explain the distribution of economic activities in Latin America? Latin America? The people of the Amazon Basin The people of the Amazon Basin are mainly subsistence farmers due to the poor are mainly subsistence farmers due to the poor soil and wet climate. Most manufacturing and soil and wet climate. Most manufacturing and trade takes place near the coast because of trade takes place near the coast because of proximity to sea routes.proximity to sea routes.
Northern TropicsNorthern Tropics- Characterized by warm - Characterized by warm
tropical weather, rain tropical weather, rain forests, and coastal forests, and coastal plainsplains
Andean Countries Andean Countries - Characterized by coastal - Characterized by coastal
plains and highland plains and highland mountainsmountains
Southern Grassland Southern Grassland CountriesCountries- Many different - Many different
characteristics with river characteristics with river system that connects system that connects them allthem all
South America – South America – 3 Regions3 Regions
RegionsRegions1.1. South South
AmericaAmerica2.2. Central Central
AmericaAmerica Spanish Spanish
speaking, speaking, Portuguese Portuguese and Frenchand French
Ch 9 and 13 – Ch 9 and 13 – Latin AmericaLatin America
Andean CountriesAndean Countries
Countries – Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Countries – Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, ChileChile
People – mestizos native Indian People – mestizos native Indian peoplespeoples
Economic Activities – vertical trade, Economic Activities – vertical trade, farming, lumber industry, fishing, farming, lumber industry, fishing, manufacturingmanufacturing
Northern TropicsNorthern Tropics
Economic activity depends on elevation – Economic activity depends on elevation – p. 270p. 270
Countries – Guianas, Venezuela, ColumbiaCountries – Guianas, Venezuela, Columbia People – mulattoes and mestizos make up People – mulattoes and mestizos make up
significant portion of population due to significant portion of population due to immigration and colonizationimmigration and colonization
Economic Activities – OIL, sugar cane, rice, Economic Activities – OIL, sugar cane, rice, bauxite, coffee ---drugs.bauxite, coffee ---drugs.
Southern Grassland Southern Grassland CountriesCountries
p. 207p. 207 Estuary - rivers flow in an estuary Estuary - rivers flow in an estuary
and provide hydro-electric power to and provide hydro-electric power to much of the countrysidemuch of the countryside
Pampas and patagoniaPampas and patagonia Economic Activities – Patagonia has Economic Activities – Patagonia has
burgeoning electronics industry; cold burgeoning electronics industry; cold weather prevents factories from weather prevents factories from needing air conditioningneeding air conditioning
Define the following in your notebook:Define the following in your notebook:
1.1. CaudillosCaudillos
2.2. ConquistadorsConquistadors
3.3. PampasPampas
4.4. CaysCays
5.5. CoralCoral6. El Nino
Word SearchWord SearchChapter 9 Latin AmericaChapter 9 Latin America
Answer these QuestionsAnswer these QuestionsDue at end of classDue at end of class
1.1. What is the major mountain chain in What is the major mountain chain in South America?South America?
2.2. What is the primary land use?What is the primary land use?
3.3. What is the largest forest in South What is the largest forest in South America?America?
4.4. Name the 2 climates and ecosystems Name the 2 climates and ecosystems that cover the largest land area.that cover the largest land area.
5.5. Name the largest country in south Name the largest country in south America…in Central America.America…in Central America.
NewsNews
BBC - Americas CNN News
Ch 10. Sec. 2 Word Ch 10. Sec. 2 Word SearchSearch
Land redistributionLand redistribution LatifundiosLatifundios HaciendasHaciendas Cash cropsCash crops Migrant workersMigrant workers
QuestionsQuestions
1.1. Where do the majority of Mexicans Where do the majority of Mexicans live?live?
2.2. What is the major mountain range in What is the major mountain range in Mexico?Mexico?
3.3. Does most of Mexico get a lot of rain?Does most of Mexico get a lot of rain?
4.4. What industry do the provinces located What industry do the provinces located on the Gulf depend on?on the Gulf depend on?
HomeworkHomework
Take notes on Chapter 11 Sec. 1Take notes on Chapter 11 Sec. 1
Pop Quiz – Open NotePop Quiz – Open Note
1.1. Describe the type of terrain, or physical geography, Describe the type of terrain, or physical geography, that some of the Caribbean Islands have?that some of the Caribbean Islands have?
2.2. The Bahamas, a group of islands, are called this. The Bahamas, a group of islands, are called this. (vocab term)(vocab term)
3.3. Islands that are flat are formed by what type of Islands that are flat are formed by what type of animal?animal?
4.4. What climate do all of the islands have?What climate do all of the islands have?
5.5. Name one country or ethnicity that many citizens of Name one country or ethnicity that many citizens of the Caribbean nations descended from?the Caribbean nations descended from?
HomeworkHomework Bring in one news item to share with the Bring in one news item to share with the
class. class.
*News related to a South American *News related to a South American country. country.
*Hand written ( I don’t want to see the *Hand written ( I don’t want to see the original article). original article).
*Cite news source (CNN, New York Times, *Cite news source (CNN, New York Times, local news, etc.) and story headlinelocal news, etc.) and story headline
*At least 5 complete sentences*At least 5 complete sentences
News from Latin AmericaNews from Latin America
Read the News Source, Date, and Read the News Source, Date, and location of your news item before location of your news item before reading your article.reading your article.
While the person is speaking, I will While the person is speaking, I will take notes on the board. WRITE take notes on the board. WRITE THEM DOWN for the CNN News THEM DOWN for the CNN News quiz on Friday.quiz on Friday.
Speak loudly and clearly!
Take 8 minutes to study Take 8 minutes to study your class NOTES on your class NOTES on
Mexico and South America! Mexico and South America! (not vocabulary)(not vocabulary)
Take out a piece of paperTake out a piece of paper Write your name on it.Write your name on it. You will get 1 pt. of extra credit on You will get 1 pt. of extra credit on
your next test for each answer you your next test for each answer you get correct!get correct!
CNN/Notes News QuizCNN/Notes News Quiz12. (Mon) What president of
Venezuela gave president Obama a book about American domination in south America?
13. (Wed) What are the three R’s?14. (Wed) The rainwater run-off of
what chemical causes dead zones to occur in the Chesapeake Bay and in the Gulf of Mexico?
15. (Wed) Earth Day become a holiday in what year, 1 year after it was passed by Congress?
16. (Thurs) What is happening in Japan as a result of the recession?
17. (Thurs) What country has given up some Northwestern territory to the Taliban in the hopes that will satisfy them from advancing forward?
2 pt extra credit – 1 each: Name the 2 pt extra credit – 1 each: Name the other two European countries who other two European countries who established colonies in Latin America established colonies in Latin America 100 years after the first ones.100 years after the first ones.
1. Why is Latin America called Latin America?
2. What two European countries were the first to conquer that continent?
3. What is deforestation?4. Why is deforestation bad?5. What is the major economic
activity in heavily forested areas? Hint: not logging.
6. What four cities in Latin America have the highest population densities?
7. What type of climate do the northern countries have?
8. Who are the mestizos?9. What does mulatto mean?10. During the slave trade of the
1700 and 1800s, to which country were more slaves taken than to America?
11. Describe to the best of your ability vertical trade and what that has to do with the Andes Mountains.
Answer the following Answer the following questions:questions:
1.1. What is El Nino? P. 208What is El Nino? P. 208
2.2. Name the largest forest in S. America. Name the largest forest in S. America. p207p207
3.3. Name the main Mexican mountain range. Name the main Mexican mountain range. p207p207
4.4. How were the flat Caribbean Islands How were the flat Caribbean Islands formed?formed?
5.5. Define the concept of land redistribution.Define the concept of land redistribution.
6.6. What industry do the provinces located on What industry do the provinces located on the Gulf depend on?the Gulf depend on?
For the TESTFor the TEST
Know vocabulary we defined in Know vocabulary we defined in class: mestizo, mulato, estuary, class: mestizo, mulato, estuary, deforestationdeforestation
Essay Q: deforestationEssay Q: deforestation Study the map of South America!!!! Study the map of South America!!!!
Know where the countries are Know where the countries are located!!!located!!!
1.1. Name one of the three regions Name one of the three regions of Latin America.of Latin America.
2.2. What is the major mountain What is the major mountain range of South America? range of South America?
3.3. Name one the two “mixed” Name one the two “mixed” ethnicity that make up the ethnicity that make up the people living in Latin America people living in Latin America and state their origins.and state their origins.
*
1.1. What country in Latin America is What country in Latin America is located the farthest south and has located the farthest south and has a “burgeoning” electronics a “burgeoning” electronics industry?industry?
2.2. How is land used lower at How is land used lower at elevations versus the “highlands”?elevations versus the “highlands”?
3.3. What non-renewable resource is What non-renewable resource is Venezuela rich in?Venezuela rich in?
*
1.1. Name one of the three regions of Name one of the three regions of Latin America not named already.Latin America not named already.
*
1.1. Name one of the two “mixed” Name one of the two “mixed” ethnicities, that has not been ethnicities, that has not been named already, that makes up the named already, that makes up the people living in Latin America and people living in Latin America and state their origins.state their origins.
2.2. What country speaks Portuguese as What country speaks Portuguese as its main language?its main language?
*
1.1. Describe vertical trade.Describe vertical trade.
2.2. Why do we call Latin Why do we call Latin America….Latin America?America….Latin America?
*
1.1. What type of economy do the What type of economy do the majority of South American majority of South American countries have? Command or countries have? Command or market?market?
*
1.1. What climate system primarily What climate system primarily covers the northern part of South covers the northern part of South America?America?
2.2. What is one damaging effect What is one damaging effect deforestation has on South deforestation has on South America?America?
3.3.
*
1.1. How were the mountainous How were the mountainous Caribbean Islands formed?Caribbean Islands formed?
2.2. What are the three main languages What are the three main languages of South America?of South America?
3.3. What is an estuary?What is an estuary?
*
1.1. What major rivers feed the estuary What major rivers feed the estuary grasslands in Southern Brazil?grasslands in Southern Brazil?
2.2. What major events happened What major events happened during the 1900’s all across Latin during the 1900’s all across Latin American countries?American countries?
*
1.1. In which region do the majority of In which region do the majority of Mexicans live?Mexicans live?