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!E F "G F H
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a
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v =!1
a
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dt=!
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1
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O+.210-,- -+ *+,110;(P
!E F "G F H
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##
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[A]![A]0 = !k
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#R
Ln[A]! Ln[A]0 =
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dt
v = k A[ ]Q, +1',10;( -+ :+.210-,- &+*)P
!
1
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d[A]
A[ ] =!akdt
d[A]
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[A]= [A]0e!kat
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#X
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ka
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!kat
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HG (030$(0 (0 51
*'$*0$%&1*+,$ +$+*+15
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ka
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#a
t0,9
= !
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ka
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0,105
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#f
_0?'&0;( 7,&0:, -+?)*5,12&
T*21+&2& E_n%O+.210-,- -+ 1*+1050+(62
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b+ 2>6':0+*2( .2& &0K'0+(6+& -,62& 7,*, ., J0-*;.0&0& -+ ., J25,6*270(, +( i`##R n -+ U=. , fim=< _+6+*50(+ .,
12(&6,(6+ -+ :+.210-,- 9 +. N+572 -+ *+-'110;( , ., 506,-T. V>TS W7T! >.T> =!TU
Q( t D`MD D`DM D`$$ D!D $`fR $`X$
6 \J] !`$a $ R a`R !# !X
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6,Y+J25,6*270(,
c0+572 \J]
9 S hi`iM#MZFD`R!
m =Ln63,1! Ln93, 4
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7, 22= !0,054
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u,Si`iMD Jh!
t1/2 =Ln2
ka
=
Ln2
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$D
1L 3&'()*%'9
v = k A[ ]2
1L X @J 3&'()*%'9
v = k A[ ][B]
v = k A2GCU
2[ ]2
# EhEhdh=hqhq j!EhEhdh=hqhq
qhqh=hdhEhE
U+Z,('1.+;N-2 _45+*2 -+ J+Z,('1.+;N-2
v = k CH3COOC2H5[ ][OH!
]
=U$=^^=#UMF ^Uh =U$=^^
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$M
1
A[ ]=
1
A[ ]0
+ kat
1L 3&'()*%'9
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dtv = k A[ ]
2
Q, +1',10;( -+ :+.210-,- &+*)P
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1
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= k A[ ]2
d[A]
A[ ]2 =!akdt
d[A]
A
[ ]
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[A]
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t
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$R
c0+572 3'+ 6,*-, ., 12(1+(6*,10;(
0(010,. -+ *+,1N:2 +( *+-'10*&+ , .,506,- -+ &' :,.2* 0(010,.
1
A[ ]=
1
A[ ]0
+ kat
1
A[ ]0
2=
1
A[ ]0
+ kat1/2
2
A[ ]0
!
1
A[ ]0
= kat
1/2
t1/2
=
1
ka A[ ]
0
M030$(0 (0 51 *'$*0$%&1*+,$
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$a
Q, 12(&6,(6+ -+ *+,110;( +& -+ i`#! QV52.W& 7,*, '(, *+,110;( -+ &+K'(-2 2*-+(P
E F#G !=F_
,]
@='). +& ., 12(1+(6*,10;( -+ = -+&7'L& -+ !i & 1',(-2 .2& *+,1N:2& &+ 5+81.,( 12( '(,12(1+(6*,10;( 0(010,. -+ kElS i`i#M 52.VQ 9 kGlSi`!Mi 52.VQ
>]
@='). +& ., 12(1+(6*,10;( -+ = -+&7'L& -+ !i 50( 1',(-2 .2& *+,1N:2& &+ 5+81.,( 12( '(,12(1+(6*,10;( 0(010,. -+ kElSi`i#M 52.VQ 9 kGlSi`!Mi 52.VQ
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$f
Q2 7*05+*2 3'+ 6+(+52& 3'+ J,1+* +& -+&7+Y,* k=l -+ ., +1',10;(
1
B[ ]0!2 A[ ]
0
LnA[ ]
0B[ ]
0! 2 C[ ]( )
A[ ]0! C[ ]( ) B[ ]
0
= kt C[ ] =A[ ]
0 B[ ]
0 e
kt B[ ]0!2 A[ ]
0
"#
$% !1( )
B[ ]0
ekt B[ ]
0!2 A[ ]
0
"#
$% ! 2 A[ ]
0( )
E k=l !i & -+&7'L& &+*)P
E k=l !i 50( -+&7'L& &+*)P
C[ ] =0.025mol/L( ) 0.150mol/ L( ) e
0.21mol/L 10s 0.150mol/L!20.050mol/L( )( )!1( )
0.150mol/ L( )e 0.21mol/L 10s 0.150mol/L!20.050mol/L( )( )
! 2 0.025mol/ L( )
C[ ] = 6.510!3mol / L
C[ ] =0.025mol/ L( ) 0.150mol/ L( ) e
0.21mol/L 10min60 s/min 0.150mol/L!20.050mol/L( )( )!1( )
0.150mol/ L( )e0.21mol/L 10min60 s/min 0.150moldm
!3!20.050mol/L( )( )
!2 0.025mol/ L( )
C[ ]=0.025mol / L
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Di
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D+3' G !7*2-'162&
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D!
v =!1ad[A
]dt
= k A[ ]3
v = !1
ad[A]
dt= k[A]
2[B]
v = !1
a
d[A]
dt
= k[A][B][C]
-
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D#
1
A[ ]2 =
1
A[ ]0
2 +2k
at
1L 3&'()*%'9
v = !1
ad[A]
dtv = k A[ ]
3
Q, +1',10;( -+ :+.210-,- &+*)P
!
1
a
d[A]
dt
= k A[ ]3
d[A]
A[ ]3 =!akdt
d[A]
A
[ ]
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[A]
! =" ka dt0
t
!
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D$
c0+572 3'+ 6,*-, ., 12(1+(6*,10;(
0(010,. -+ *+,1N:2 +( *+-'10*&+ , .,506,- -+ &' :,.2* 0(010,.
1
A[ ]2 =
1
A[ ]0
2 +2k
at
1
A[ ]0/ 2( )
2 =
1
A[ ]0
2 +2k
at1/2
t1/2 =3
2ka A[ ]
0
2
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DD
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DM
1
A[ ]n!1
=
1
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n!1+ n!1( )ka t
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dtv = k A[ ]
n
Q, +1',10;( -+ :+.210-,- &+*)P
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1
a
d[A]
dt
= k A[ ]n
d[A]
A[ ]n =!akdt
d[A]
A
[ ]
n[A]0
[A]
! =" ka dt0
t
!
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Da
v = k A[ ]![B]
"[C]
#
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Df
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Mi
b+ *+,.08,( *+7*+&+(6,102(+& K*)/1,& 9 &+ &+.+1102(, ,3'+.., 3'+ 6+(K, '( 5+Y2* 1E)9%0 5+$015
G&(0$ *0&' G&(0$ )$' G&(0$ ('9
G&(0$ %&09 G&(0$ $
v = k A
[ ]
n
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M!
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Q&+40&1 90&+0 Z08)$(1 90&+0 Z0&+0 $
_+6+*50(,* :,.2* v _+6+*50(,* :,.2* w _+6+*50(,* :,.2* x
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I+,110;( -+ 7&+'-22*-+( v I+,110;( -+ 7&+'-22*-+( w I+,110;( -+ 7&+'-22*-+( x
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b+ >,&, +( ., 6+2*4, -+ .,& 12.0&02(+&" b0*:+ 7,*, *+,1102(+& +( ?,&+ K,& 9 +( -0&2.'10;(" B2*5,10;( -+ '( 1257.+Y2 ,1N:,-2