Download - Groups & Its Dynamics
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Groups & ItsDynamics
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What is the nature of groupsin organizations?
A group is a collection of two or morepeople who work with one another
regularly to achieve common goals.Groups:
Help organizations accomplish important
tasks.Help to maintain a high-quality workforce bysatisfying members needs.
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Why do people join groups?
SecurityStatusSelf esteem
AffiliationPower Goal achievement
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Theories of group formation
Classic theory
Balance theoryExchange theory
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Types of Groups
Formal groups.Officially designated to serve a specific
organizational purpose.May be permanent or temporary.
Permanent work groups are command groups inthe vertical organization structure.Temporary work groups are task groupsspecifically created to solve a problem or performa defined task.
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Types of Groups
Formal groups cont.
Virtual groups.
Groups whose members convene and work
together electronically via networked computers.
Activities are facilitated by groupware.
Can accomplish the same things as members of
face-to-face groups.
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Types of Groups
Informal groups.
Emerge without being officially designated by
the organization.
Types of informal groups.
Friendship groups.Interest groups.
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Types of Groups
Benefits of informal groups.Can speed up work flow by supplementingformal lines of authority.
Can satisfy needs that are thwarted or unmetby the formal group.
Can provide members with social satisfaction,security, and a sense of belonging.
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Types of Groups
Command group A manager and his or her immediatesubordinate
Task group Those working together to complete a jobtask
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Types of Groups
Interest groupThose working together to attain a specificobjective with which each is concerned
Friendship groupThose brought together because theyshare one or more commoncharacteristics
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What are the stages of group development?
A group or team passes through fivelifecycle stages.
Forming.Storming.Norming.
Performing. Adjourning.
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Stages of group development
Forming stage.Initial entry of members to a group.
Members concerns include: Getting to know each other.Discovering what is considered acceptablebehavior.Determining the groups real task. Defining group rules.
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Stages of group development
Storming stage. A period of high emotionality and tension
among group members.Members concerns include: Formation of coalitions and cliques.Dealing with outside demands.
Clarifying membership expectations.Dealing with obstacles to group goals.Understanding members interpersonal styles.
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Stages of group development
Norming stage.The point at which the group really begins to
come together as a coordinated unit.Members concerns include:
Holding the group together.Dealing with divergent views and criticisms.Dealing with a premature sense of accomplishment.
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Stages of group development
Performing stage.Marks the emergence of a mature, organized,and well-functioning group.Members deal with complex tasks and handleinternal disagreements in creative ways.
Primary challenge is to continue to improverelationships and performance.
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Stages of group development
Adjourning stage.
Particularly important for temporary groups.
A well-integrated group is:
Able to disband when its work is finished.
Willing to work together in the future.
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What are the foundationsof group effectiveness?
From a systems perspective, group inputs arethe foundation for all subsequent group action.Key group inputs are:
Nature of the task.Goals.Rewards.Resources.Technology.Membership diversity.Group size.
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What is the nature of groupsin organizations?
Effective groups achieve high levels of:Task performance.
Members attain performance goals regardingquantity, quality, and timeliness of work results.
Members satisfaction.Members believe that their participation anexperiences are positive and meet important
personal needs.Team viability.
Members are sufficiently satisfied to continueworking together on an ongoing basis.
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The Dysfunctions of Groups andTeams
Norms violation and role ambiguity/conflict
The groupthink, conformity problemRisky shift phenomenonSocial loafing
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The dynamics of informal groups
Norms and rules in informal groups
The informal organizations
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Informal roles found in workgroup
The boundary spanner The buffer The lobbyistThe negotiator The spokesperson
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Teams in the modernworkplace
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Difference between workgroupand teams
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Types of teams
Project teamsParallel teamsPermanent work teamsCross Functional teams
Virtual teamsSelf managed teams
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How to make the teams moreeffective
Team buildingCollaborationGroup leadershipCultural/ global issues