JEHANABAD DISTRICT PROFILE

Jehanabad district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar. Jehanabad district was carved out of erstwhile Gaya district on August 1, 1986. Till

1872 it was a sub-division of Gaya district. Jehanabad district is a part of Magadh division. Jehanabad district is bounded by the districts of Patna, Arwal, Gaya and Nalanda. The rivers flowing through Jehanabad are Dardha, Sone, Phalgu and Yamunaiya. Hindu and Buddhist traditions and legends, trace the history of Jehanabad to a

period of hoary antiquity. Chinese traveller Huien-Tsang has also described it in his travelogue.

INTRODUCTION

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

The earliest archaeological remains in Jehanabad district are to be found in Barabar and Nagarjuni hills. The Barabar hills is famous for the earliest examples of cave architecture in north India dating mostly from the Mauryan period to the Gupta period and as the place of origin of Ajivak sect.

Barabar is no less importance than Bodh Gaya and Sarnath as Buddha is said to have stayed in Jehanabad and delivered sermons here. Bimbisar, the king of Magadh built a monastery in Jehanabad to commemorate this event. According to Jain text, Kalpa Sutra, the 24th Jain Tirthankar Mahavira stayed here for three rainy seasons.

During the reign of Ashoka, four caves named as Sudama, Vishwajhopri, Karnchaupar and Lomas Rish, were excavated in the Barabar hills for the ascetics of Ajivika sect.

Jehanabad is named after Jahanara Begum Sahib, the daughter of Mughal emperor Shah Jahan and Arjumand Banu Begum. According to “Aine-e-Akbari”, badly affected by famine in the 17th century, the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb had established a relief centre at Jehanabad and named it “Jahanara”. The relief centre was under the direct control and supervision of Jahanara. In the course of time, the place came to be known as “Jahanarabad” and later as “Jehanabad”.

The crowning glory of Barabar- the seven rock cut caves popularly known as “Satgharwa”, are unmatched for their sheer panoramic grandeur and rugged natural beauty. The ancient caves cut with infinite care in the hardest single granite rock about 500 ft long, are highly symmetrical and their interior surfaces are highly polished and burnished like glass. They are an indication of the architectural superiority of that age. The twin hills of Barabar and Nagarjuni find mentioned in the “Mahabhartha” as “Gorathgiri”. The Archaeological survey of India has sent a proposal to UNESCO for inclusion of Barabar hills in the list of world heritage monuments.

Jehanabad town is the administrative headquarters of Jehanabad district. Jehanabad district comprises of only one sub-division, namely Jehanabad which is

divided into 7 blocks.

ADMINISTRATIVE

Total number of Gram Panchayats in Jehanabad district: 93. Total number of villages in Jehanabad district: 611.

Jehanabad district is a predominantly agricultural district . Jehanabad has minor minerals. Sand available in the river beds is transported

for construction work. Barabar hills are quarried for stones. The district has wide network of markets dealing with grains, vegetables, oil

seeds, gur and stone chips. Major centres of trade and commerce are located in Jehanabad, Ghosi, Kako and Makhdumpur. In rural areas Haats function usually once a week. Principal imports are coal, cement and other construction materials, clothes, kerosine oil, tea, tobacco, fresh fruits and consumer goods.

There are no major industries in and around Jehanabad city.

ECONOMIC PROFILE

o Jehanabad o Makhdumpur o Kako o Ghoshi

o Modanganj o Hulasganj o Ratni

0

5000

10000

15000

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

7294 7639 8531 8485 9332 9832 10237 11311 11815

13404

Per Capita Gross State and District Domestic Product

Per Capita Gross District Domestic Product

Per Capita Gross State Domestic Product

Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Govt. of Bihar

DEMOGRAPHIC

Population 1,124,176

Population density 1900 per sq. km

Population growth 21.34%

Sex ratio 918 per 1000 male

Literacy rate 68.27%

Languages spoken Magahi & Hindi

GEOGRAPHIC

Coordinates Latitude: 25º0' to 25º15‘ North Longitude: 84º31‘ to 85º15‘ East

Temperature 45° C (Max.) 0.8° C (Min.)

Average rainfall 1074.5 mm

Area 1569 sq. km

Height above sea level 113 meters

INDUSTRIAL

Registered industrial units 2437

Registered medium & large units Nil

No. of industrial areas 4500

Types of industries Agro based, wood & wooden based furniture, mineral based, metal based, electrical machinery, repairing & servicing, ready made garments based, chemical/ chemical based, engineering units etc.

Source: MSME – DI Patna, official website of district

Jehanabad is pre dominantly an agricultural district. There is an industrial area in the district of Jehanabad. There is potential for agro based industries and tourism in the district.

INVESTMENT

INDUSTRIAL PROFILE

There is an industrial area situated at Jehanabad spread in the area of six acres.

There is no large scale industry or public sector undertaking in Jehanabad. district.

Jehanabad district has good scope for development of service industries like mobile phone repair and service, automobile servicing, tent house, Atta chakki, computer training institutes, computer hardware repair and maintenance, xerox and lamination, flux board, house-hold goods repair and servicing, motor rewinding etc.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Investment (Rs. Lakh)

Source: MSME – DI Patna

INDUSTRIES AT A GLANCE

Registered industrial units 2437

Total industrial units 4500

Registered medium & large units Nil

Estimated avg. no. of daily workers employed in small scale industries

11000

Employment in large and medium industries Nil

No. of industrial areas 01

MAJOR INDUSTRIAL AREA

There is an industrial estate present in the district with an acquired land of 6 acres.

No. of plots developed in this industrial area: 36

No. of units is production: 1

EXISTING MICRO & SMALL ENTERPRISES AND ARTISAN UNITS

Type of industry No. of Units Investment (Rs. Lakh) Agro based 436 572.94 Cotton textile 02 0.46 Ready-made garments & embroidery 102 4.81 Woolen silk and artificial thread based clothes 8 2.72 Wood/wooden based furniture 242 39.62 Paper & paper products 63 24.3 Leather based 132 4.61 Chemical/chemical based 286 107.6 Rubber, plastic & petro based 29 19.01 Mineral based 106 77.61 Metal based (Steel Fab.) 138 68.5 Engineering units 373 143.29 Electrical machinery and transport equipment 1 0.37 Repairing & servicing 475 80.68 Others 44 266.45 Total 2437 1412.97

Source: MSME – DI Patna

INFRASTRUCTURE

There is an industrial area in Jehanabad Total no. of hospitals and health centers: 119 Total no. of commercial banks and financial institutions: 39 Educational institutions.

No. of primary schools – 561 No. of middle schools – 198 No. of secondary and senior secondary schools – 43 No. of colleges – 02

AGRICULTURE AND FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY

The land use around Jehanabad is mainly agricultural. The soil is very fertile known as “KEWAL” in local terms.

This soil is very suitable for the production of paddy, wheat, sugarcane, cereals, vegetables, maize and pulses.

Agro based industry is a good opportunity for this district.

POTENTIAL INDUSTRY

Existing clusters

•About 200 micro units in and around Jafarganj & Jehanabad

•Undertake Aagarbatti raw stick making ( without fragrance)

•Supplying to the Aagarbatti manufacturing units on piece rate basis

Micro & Small Enterprise

• Red bricks, cement products, building materials, • Rice mill, agro products, • Mechanical work shop, gate and grill, • Flour mill, • Mineral water, • Simple chemical products, • Leather shoe, chappal etc

Service Enterprises

•Mobile phone repair & service. •Automobile servicing. •Tent house. •Atta chakki. •Computer training institutes, computer hardware repair & maintenance. •Xerox & lamination. •Flux board. •House hold goods repair & servicing. •Motor rewinding etc.

LARGE SCALE INDUSTRY/ PUBLIC SECTOR UNDERTAKING

There is no large industry or public sector undertaking in the district.

Since the soil is highly fertile, therefore paddy, wheat, maize and pulses are the main agricultural crops. There is a huge potential to set up agro based industries.

The Jehanabad district have good scope for the service industries which are mentioned above.

S. No.

Type of assistance Name and address of agencies

1. Provisional Registration Certificate (EM-1) & Permanent Registration Certificate ( EM-II)

District Industries Centre, Jehanabad

2. Identification of Project Profiles, techno-economic and managerial consultancy services, market survey and economic survey reports.

MSME Development Institute - Patna General Manager, District Industries Centre, Industrial Area, Kako Road, Jehanabad Khadi Village and Industries Commission, Patna

3. Land and Industrial shed BIADA – Patna 4. Financial Assistance All commercial/ Financial institution 5. For raw materials under Govt.

Supply National Small Industries Corporation, Patna

6. Plant and machinery under hire/ purchase basis.

National Small Industries Corporation, Kankarbagh, Patna

7. Power/ Electricity Bihar State Electricity Board 8. Technical Know–how. Director, MSME-DI, Pataliputra

Industrial Area, General Manager, District Industries Centre, Industrial Area, Kako Road, Jehanabad Khadi Village and Industries Commission, Patna

9. Quality & Standard Bureau of Indian Standard 10. Marketing /Export Assistance Director, MSME-DI, Patna

STEPS TO SETUP MSMEs

Source: MSME – DI Patna

TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE Ra

ilway

•There are 4 railway stations and a 31 km long railway line in this district • The Patna-Gaya railway line crosses through Jehanabad town and links the main line of Patna with Grand Chord line of Gaya .

Road

•The road route is via Masaurhi block of Patna district, which goes directly to Gaya via Makhdumpur block of Jehanabad district. •NH 83 passes through Jehanabad district

Airp

ort

•Nearest airport is at Patna , 45 km

EDUCATION

There are many schools and colleges in the district. Some of the educational institutions are:

Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya D.A.V. School, B.V.N., P.P.S., Manas Vidyalaya, Kendriya Vidyalaya, Swami Vivekananda high school Tehta

HERITAGE & TOURISM

Tourist places in Jehanabad district: Barabar hills in Makhdumpur block of Jehanabad district is a tourist’s

paradise. It has the oldest surviving rock-cut caves in India . In the Nagarjuni range about a km north-east of Barabar hills, there are three Buddhist Vihars in the form of excavated caves namely Gopi, Vahiyaka and Vedathika , containing inscriptions of Ashoka’s grandson Dusratha. There are two important Jain temples situated in Barabar , one of Swetambaras and other of Digambarar tradition.

Dharaut village, has been identified as the site of the Buddhist monastery of Gunamati. The colossal statue of Avalokiteswara Boddhisatva found here has been shifted to the Patna museum. Dabthu village is known for its finely carved images of deities mutilated by ravages of time and ruins of temples, once magnificent. Ghejan is known for a number of ancient Budhist and Brahminical statues.

Other ancient monuments found in Jehanabad are Sun temple at Bhelawar, Siddheshwarnath temple at Barabar, Sun temple at Meerabigha , Lord Vishnu temple at Zaroo, Kali temple at Murgaon , etc. The ruins of an ancient brick temple also exist and there is also a temple containing a large standing figure of Tara, now worshiped as Bhagwati. Kako block of Jehanabad has an ancient statue of Sun God.

Udyog Mitra, Dept. of Industries Govt. of Bihar Ground Floor, Indira Bhawan, RCS Path, Patna, Bihar 800 001. Tel : +91 612 2532695 Fax : +91 612 2532695 Email: info@udyogmitrabihar.com

Industries Department 2nd Floor, Vikas Bhawan, Bailey Road, Patna, Bihar 800 015

www.udyogmitrabihar.com