dirty green march

7/30/2019 Dirty Green March

1/24

Moroccos controersiarenewabe energyproects in occupiedWestern Sahara

Morocco plans to expand its productionof solar and wind energy. Those plans willcarry a high cost for the people of occupiedWestern Sahara.

DIRTYGREE

MARCHWSRW REPORT AUGUST 2013


2/24

Published:

Brussels/stockholm,

28 August 2013

Photos:

AndreAs srs (p 1), himAnshu gulAti (p 5),

WsrW.org (p 12, 13), ingrid AAs Borge (p 13),

erik hAgen (p 16)

design:

lArs hie

t a b fy , . F q

a [email protected]

W saaa r Wa (WsrW)

a aa aa ba B.

WsrW w ay w f

W saaa, a a aa

aa m f

W saaa.

www.wsrw.org

www.twitter.com/wsrw

www.faceboo.com/wsrw.org

t a a fy

aa aa WsrW y

. F WsrW ay a

www.wsrw.org

this rePort is Published

with generous suPPort

from emmaus stockholm

e s a sw ay aa

w ay w saaaw .

www.emmausstochom.se

Clean Development Mechanism

Det Norske Veritas

European Union

Fond de Developpement de l'Energie

Gigawatts

Moroccan Agency for Solar Energy

Mediterranean Solar Project

Megawatts

Office National de lElectricit

Office National de lElectricit et de lEau Potable

Office National des Hydrocarbures et des Mines

Socit dInvestissement Energtiques

Union for the Mediterranean

United Nations

United States Dollar

cdm

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eu

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gw

masen

msP

mw

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mailto:[email protected]://www.wsrw.org/http://www.twitter.com/wsrwhttp://www.facebook.com/wsrw.orghttp://www.wsrw.org/http://www.emmausstockholm.se/http://www.emmausstockholm.se/http://www.wsrw.org/http://www.facebook.com/wsrw.orghttp://www.twitter.com/wsrwhttp://www.wsrw.org/mailto:[email protected]


3/24

A a f ba y f f, ayv y j w ay bab. t af f j , wv, a .

m a a f, a v f y. Wa ba f w a aa a f W saaa?

B W saaa a a a f f.haf f y a a av f

y. m va f say a 1975, -a g ma.A sa v W saaaby a a w m a maaa ww f ax y w a Madrid Accords sa av ba f y, a way a pa a a a ba f ea t a y waa f ia a 1999.1

ev va, ma va a a a, va f

aa aw. nw, m y w a e y .t a w f a, saaaw ,

a ma a.t a j w av v

q f f y. t y w b f aa aay b x W saaa.A by x y m , y w a y.

t a w m a bv 1000 mW (awa) f wab ya W saaa. A f ay, y

f a a w Wsaaa a 5.5 f ma y f . By 2020, a b a a a26.4 .

Morocco, the occupyingpower in Western Sahara,is about to embar onarge programmes forrenewabe energy.

3


4/24

new

dimensionin the exPloitation

m y y n Afa w w , a a ay . t a, a a y a, m wa b a b f w a a j a f W saaa a a 1975. t va j . s f j a y a- a, a aay a , y.

m a 90% f m y a y f aba. m a

y f W saaa a b a a v. t k aa ay, onhYm, a xa aw aa y a xa a. hwv, a a a aa y b x w a ay v a b avaab ay ava a y y.

maw, y fa v af f b a y a a x qa by 2030. t a j f ma v a a aa a f5% y , a a by a

f a, afa f ay a ba b, a x fway, a a fa.2

t y a f a f f wab y.i 2008, m a naa rwabey a ey effy pa, w a a 42% f y fwab y by 2020. t wab ya w f a, w a yw. t a faw , a ax wab y wa a 2009, a a

b w a wab y aw.3

t a a 4000 mW a a w y by 2020. haf f a w f a y f fv a w a w f wa a b W saaa. W y wy a 2000 mW, w ay bfa aay b, af aby f Wsaaa. i ya, f m ff avb v v f w ya.

t ma v a a v-

ay faay a; ey iv ca (sie), w a a1 b da aa (axay 116.2 usd; 71% f a, 29% f haa ii Ff ea a sa dv4). Faa a a b b eydv F (Fde), a fa awa a 2009 a v a a a af v ay a y -y a w-ab w. t Fde av a 500 usd a f k- f sa Aaba, 300 usd f uAab ea a a 200 usd b

f haa ii F f ea a sadv.5

4


5/24

whats the Problem?

t saaaw av j W saaa a a a . i a ba a wy qf aa aw a v a n-sf-gv ty a W saaa a ba f f y a f bf f .ta aay f a y aya. A a by un laoff 2002 fay a .6

such Projects:

a a aaa f aaby m W saaa. cf a w a a b v aaa f ay axa f y a a ay saaaw x f f-a a un a . vv a aa a va fa a aay x f ya f ya fa

W saaa. av f m W saaa. W aw a y aab a aa f aa aaa aw, a a aay y w awaa ma a Wsaaa. tby, aa a a f y f x m aa f.i , m b v ay , a a , y a. b m a f aa

f W saaa, va f aaaaa aw. ey ba w fa w a ay ff a f y aa a a w a y f W saaa. w v bf saaaw wv f a a a f Aa. tajy f a av a a a w, w b fafy, f y, a a aav.

Half of the Saharawi people fled Western Sahara when the

Moroccan government occupied their country. Now the Moroccan

kings own energy company, NAREVA, will construct renewable

energy projects in the occupied territory. The refugees have

to install their own hand-made windmills for very limited and

unreliable electrical power generation.

5


6/24

t ma sa pa wa a nvb2009, f ma k a ussay f sa hay c.7 t j a aav a a aay f 2 gW by 2020 fv. tw f a a W saaa.

t w a a a a w b - W saaa w v 30%f a j a w.

A ay a , maAy f sa ey (mAsen) wa a ma sa pa.8 t k a a f a Parti authenticit et

modernit a f ay.

9

u , fv a w a aa av a a aay f 2000 mW. t - j, a fv , x v 18% f m aa y .10

the two Plants Programmed in westernsahara will be:

t Boador a 3 f aa 4 f w, a naara e Aa, v a aa f 500 a. A aa a w a aay f 100 mW w b .11

t Foum E Oued , w a a a, a j f aa e Aa. t500 mW a a w b w a faaa f 5,700 a. t a w b

v y Aa a e Aa.

12

mAsen a f j y. A a w av b by 2019.13

Y a j, m , aj f b W saaa. t sb-a ta j, a tafaya , v- f a 500 mW a v a a-v aa a 360 , a mAsen. t a av a b a a -y , a a a a, a w faa a wa a a.14

t a f a a, a,w aw f awa -

a, a a a a.t f a aa a a f ma

sa pa, oazaza15, a m, a b v 2015. c w a may 2013, a w a by a f f, by sa ba AcWA.16

solar farm

Plans

6


7/24

By the year 2020, the Moroccan government will have constructed

five large solar energy farms, as part of their Moroccan Solar

Plan. Two of them will be located in occupied Western Sahara.

AN BENI MATHAR400 MW

OUARzAzATE500 MW

SEBkHATE TAH500 MW

FOUM El OUED500 MW

BOjADOR100 MW

7


8/24

ta a x w fa a v, a aay W saa-a x f m a aay av-y w: 55 mW f 1007 mW, ab5.5% f a.17

hwv, f m a f W saaaa aa, w a aaay. tav a f W saaa a w a wa ma v a cay W pa.18

t pa w a f a 1000mW y v by w fa a a aay

a . 400 mW 40 % f a aaay b v w aa fW saaa.

t cay W pa f f x w fa, b v w a.19

t f a aay : f f f x fa, a 150 mW a taza, m, by edF e nv ma,F f A a Jaa f m & c.20

t a f f a fv w fa w a av a-ay f 850 mW, a w a v a a-a f q f xa 200 mW ka a Baa w fa m.21

tw f w fa 850 mW j aa W saaa. i Bja, a faw a aay f 100 mW w b b. i ta, a

e Aa, a 300 mW w fa b .

22

t a a ay af f 850 mW aay -v j, w b a aa f W saaa a by m.

t 850 mW w j w b a B ow oa taf (Boot) a wb a w faw f b-vaa, w one, sie a haa iiF w aa v w a a w y y a y - . m one a a a - faa ba f Afa dvBa, ea iv Ba a ga

kfW Ba.23i ay 2012, ma Ay f ey,

one (off naa e) a a -aa , v a x a b fv a.

o 14 nvb 2012, one a a 16 -aa a a -qaf a af .24 t 16 a a ba b by v . A f a w aa - caabaa 1 ma 2013 f- a, faa a a aa-

f j.25

wind farm

Plans

8


9/24

the 16 comPanies are now grouPed as follows:

Aa W pw (sa) / Aa ea (sa) / A Aja F (m)

edF e nv (Fa) / m & (Jaa) / A (Fa)

AcWA pw (sa Aaba) / gaa ea (sa) / gaa ea (sa)

nAreVA h (m) / taqa (u Aab ea) / e g pw (iay) / s (gay)

iaa pw (g gdF sz) (uk) / Va (da)

ga e (usA) (a waw f . s bw).

i x a one w a aa a2013.26 A w w aay b a f fv w fa a.27 t f f fva b wa f 2015.28 A a f aa, one A2013 aay a a f a aa ta a Bja.29

W saaa r Wa a a 16 a 2-3 Jy 2013.30

u v WsrW , ga e

a w a a . "Af w a, w av age aa a b-

j f y a", a ay.31 A aVa , b w y q f WsrW. t a a .32

ova, ma v a faw y a m a W saaa.t ma ia W ey pj33,m a b a aay f wy f a 280 mW 201034 2000 mW

2020. t j a a f 10 ya, a

a q a a v f 31.5 b a(a 3.7 b usd).35 haf f v -a w a a a y v haa, Jb kaa, Af,tafaya a e Aa ( f a Bab o laay).

ta a a, - aay j, a a W saaaw ay a va a a. F aa aay f 2000 mW by 2020, a f

W saaa w a f 5.5 % f ma aay ay, 22.5% 2020.

9


10/24

BOjADOR100 MW

El AAIUN50 MW

TARFAYA300 MW

AkHFNIR200 MW

CURRENTlY IN PROGRESS

PlANNED IN THE "COMPlIMENTARY

WIND PROGRAMME"

AlREADY CONSTRUCTED

HAOUMA50 MW

kOUDIA Al BAIDA300 MW

kHAllADI120 MW

CIMAR5 MW

ESSAOUIRA60 MW

lAFARGE32 MW

A. TORRES50 MWTANGER

140 MW

TISkRAD300 MW

jBEl Al HADID150 MW

MIDElT150 MW

TAzA

150 MW

TANGER II150 MW

10


11/24

One wind farm is at present operational in Western Sahara.

One is currently being built, while two large farms are planned.

The latter two are part of the so-called Complementary Wind

Programme, which foresees in the construction of 6 wind farms

with a total capacity of 1000 MW across Morocco/Western Sahara.

11


12/24

i a w b fa aay aa a cay W e-y pa, m ay f fv a. t fv fa av a -b aay f 720 mW a f a W saaa.

t, nAreVA h, a ma a afaa by k f m,36 aa s y b a - f 50 mW F e o a e Aa.37 s v, a a 22 sWt-2.3-101 y w b.38 c-

f w bv b v e Aa ab ma 2013 (). s af b awa w a fv ya v -a.39 t fa x b aa af f 2013.40 s a b fw a, b a ay w .

nAreVA h a ay q ab - f un ca dv ma (cdm) f j.41 hwv, fy ay dnV (dn Va) w a bf a cdm f ay ava. dnV a a w j wa b. A dnV

a a f ay bv a w awa b b m, b af a wba a wa a.

W w v j, ba a a w jf. i wa f fay a. i Jaay w a w w b -av j, a.42

W a f f , y a w w av -a a j. i a y a, a , dnV a xa.

t b w f cdm

s a nava. ty w w ay -j w a.

Images of windmill components taken at El Aain harbour inMarch 2013, carrying the logos of Siemens and of NAREVAs sub-

sidiary, EEM.

siemens on

occuPied

land

12


13/24

t ay aay w fa fy aa W saaa: cimAr w fa, w a aay f5 mW, a a f e Aa. t cimAr w fab c ma, a bay f iaa - ay ia, a a a af fay iaa e Aa. t a waaa ob 2011, f a-

y ceo. t w fa wa bb d ca, af f f c ma. i

v fay w y. i q av f 100 da (axay 11.6 - usd) a 7 .

t a aay a fay f-ff f y: v ab 80% f aymW. t aay a b a 10 mW. ov- w b one, by a f a a

a.45

t b av b a by saay gaa.46

J f b w W saaa, -a tafaya , f aw fa a a b aaw a w v a.

m sa Abaa a 68 ya saa-aw wa w a ma ja. W fa , f aa tafaya w m a - by a f maaa. m a f a- f az a. W fa, ay a a , w

w a a by f. t ma aysa wa ay w f wa w b- 300 mW tafaya w a, a b b w a Afa. t a b v

by nAreVA h a w gdF sz, j-v tafaya ey cay (tArec).44 tw b q by s.

m ay f a wa a- by f v. d a , wa a by ma 29 ma 2013, a a af fq. m WsrW a a f a wa k j. nv, wa f k , w j a. m .

i W saaa, a v -x, a ma v v a aa b a a by un gaAby, a ay b f f za f f sa saaa.

lost

land

access

Moulmoumnin Salek Abdesamad, a Saharawi living in Morocco,

just north of the border to Western Sahara, lost access to

grazing land without prior notice from the government.

cementing

occuPation

13


14/24

A a y , ea u a a a f m wab y

. ga xy a x.F, w aw eu av ab a a, a a 20%f va eu y fwab y by 2020. t rwab eydv a b f 28 eu b a a w wab yj, a y f jf .47

ey j a a a y aa e--maa a u f maa (ufm). t maa sa p-

j (msp) wa a Jy 2008 a a y -

j f ufm. i a a v 20 gW f wwab y aa a avy av a maa by 2020.48t ma sa pa a a y j fv msp.49 A af msp ma pa fa a ufm ey ma db 2013.50

c b a f msp, b abv, mg iav, a va a j aa a a-maa - f va ab, aab f x 5 gW fy f n Afa, m ea e by 2020.

t mg j f b , x m-sa ba ab.

A va y av v f a a w wab y

j m ea a n Afa d ia iav. i a a ye w y qva f 20%f y by 2050, a a a b.51nv, f iav aaa a a y a saaa e a a, v f af fa .

d wba v eu-menA (m ea a n Afa), a aa f j. W saaa ay, v a b a a

w fa a aa y. W f w a 2010,d f a j w ba W saaa f aa a.52d a v ay af bq j . t a d wba.

Our reference projects will not be located in the Western

Sahara. When looking for project sites, Desertec IndustrialInitiative will also take political, ecological or cultural

issues into consideration

d s t gaa, 23 A 2010.

Plugging into

the eu grid

14


15/24

WIND

CONCENTRATING SOlAR POWER

PHOTOvOlTAICS

HYDRO

BIOMASS

GEOTHERMAl

EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE

PlANNED INFRASTRUCTURE


16/24


17/24

Saharawi refugees are not happy that the UNs Clean Development

Mechanism refuses to automatically reject applications for

projects on the territory they were driven away from by the

Moroccan government. The UN facilitates the negotiations that

ought to lead to a solution to the conflict.

t un ca dv ma (cdm) av a af f q f a f

faa f y j W saaa. cy, cdm a vaaa ab: a a j f maf y. t aa cdm faa ay b f a f v fa f j, ay aa f m(yw: W saaa-f). t aa a j v b f f m w k haaii y 1975.53

tw j, f cimAr - w, a a f a , b way a ,

a cdm m.54if ay f j w v f

cdm, a w b a a a f un a undv pa (undp) a W saaa. hwv, by a aa , undp a y a f cdm m.

t undp xy a a a f aay b bw m a y ax 1975. A f undp aw ma v xy a a

j av a aaa f un . t undp a

a aay bf m.55 cdm a, a, w

WsrW a j a priori aaa a W saaa.56t fa f ab a, w b-

aa a a ab a b, a a j - W saaa ay ay f w ff a a cdm, a y- ff aa. t ba x w w a fw a ,aa faw f , f xa unFcc, .

united nationsorganisation

off track

17


18/24

TO THE COMPANIES CURRENTlY ENGAGED IN, ORPlANNING TO BECOME ENGAGED IN, RENEWABlEENERGY PROjECTS IN WESTERN SAHARA:t ay a j a a fa. n y j W saaa, aw , a a a f ay. s avy w b ma a a f a un ff a a a aa. mv, saaaw w a a aba fW saaa av b a ay a y v w a.

TO THE GOvERNMENT OF MOROCCO:t fa f a ay av y, wab y j, w x f saaaw . A f f-a a a a a ,aw saaaw x vw f a f y a , bay aa.

TO THE UNITED NATIONS:t aa a a f W saaa a an-sf gv ty w a a aa a q a un, a v, y a aa v--v y. cqy,a fay a a a , WsrW cdm/unFccc qvaya a aa f ba ab fa w j a W saaa w b w fa a f ya bj f un f-a .eqay, WsrW a un gba ca a a a a avy vv ya j W saaa f fa y w aa ca sarby, f a , f f a a a aw vy q.

TO ACTORS IN THE CARBON MARkETS:t ab a/ qvaya a aa f ba ab fa w j a W saaa w b w f-a f saaaw a a. WsrW a a

a vfy, vaa a fyj ba ab , avyaa j a y fW saaa. WsrW a a ab a a ab f j y f W saaa.

recommendations

18


19/24

TO GOvERNMENTS:t aa, y av avaab va a a b w v av Wsaaa a, a a n-sf-gv ty, f a v av, q f aa aw a a aba f y, saaaw , b ab av, a ba.

TO THE GOvERNMENT OF SPAIN:

t a ba a a aw f W saaa by a xaf aa y wba aa aw, a av av a f saaaw f f-a, a a av a a w a a f saaaw a bv bf , a a aba f W saaa.

TO THE EUROPEAN UNION:t a aa y f nAfa v va ba

aa aw m af W saaa a a a v aa f saaaw f-a. Ay, aa a ea u v aa y y avaab f a a aa fwab y j W saaa.t f a y f W saaaa ab f a ay eu-m a baa (f a) a, f y a f w a ay j, a e f ay a

w by a.

TO THE UNION FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN (UFM):t a maa sa pa w x W saaa. A ufm b a av av ba aa aw b a m a f y a a saaaw a az aay f-a.

TO FINANCIAl INSTITUTIONS:t v faa f ja b a W saaa.

TO PROPONENTS OF RENEWABlE ENERGY:t qvay f a a a, y b by a ay,ay a ay. t ma a by f ba ff.

19


20/24

1 l f un la c sy c, 29.01.2002,www.a./oa.f2 my f ey, m, Wa a ev (k f

m), Jaay 2013, la v a q aa:

ba a, . 20 ://www..v.a/ba/

strAtegie%20en%202012.f3 law 13-09 (2009) wa a by da n. 1-10-16.4 t haa ii F f e a sa dv a

faa aa f v j va a

w a va.5 ma iv dv Ay (k f m),

://www.v.v.a/?i=67&a=&rfca=3&rf=1466 l f un la c sy c, 29.01.2002,

www.a./oa.f7A f a ma sa pj.

mAsen, 02.11.2009, sm r a a

j aa ' a, ://www.a..a/

x.?i=42#/8 ma law 57-09 a f mAsen9 la V e, 30.12.2009, l r maa Bay

A aa a,

://www.av./aa/---aa-

bay------a-aa---

-a-3231.10 ea paa lbay, may 2013, sa y v

m, ://www.a.a./rdaa/bbq/bf/2013/130515/ldm_Bri%282013%29130515_reV1_en.f11 mAsen, s Bj, ://www.a..a/x.

?i=46&a=f#/_12 mAsen, s F a oa, ://www.a..a/x.

?i=45&a=f#/_13 one pa, . 20 ://f.a./exa/y-

-a-vab--a14 mAsen, s sba ta, ://www.a..a/x.

?i=47&a=f#/_15 19 aa a a/ a b

aay f v f f a f

oazaza a. t a ( aaba ): 1. Aba

ia y c ia, Aba sa, m a Abdab naa ey cay (taqa); 2. caa iaa

ey g sl; 3. da h, ey c g a

socoin; 4. enel .A a Acs sv ca y ea

sl; 5. e ca, iWB, sa e nva B,

c ma a ge o&g; 6. F g effa, steg

iaa sv, B ey, cnim, ca

d ca, A pw, A ma, n e,

sgtm a B pa; 7. ifa iv; 8. iaa

cay f Wa a pw (AcWA pw iaa), A

ia y sa sA a tsk ea y ea sA; 9.

iaa pw, nAreVA h, mab ca a

s pj V gbh; 10. Jgc ca; 11. ka

ma pw cay l., daw e cay a

Aa Bw Bv sA; 12. lw sA, g s.e.e.m., m+W g,

Ya h a sy; 13. l ma, cBi, c,

Zavaa m a ea; 14. mb ca A

ha; 15. oa c i, sa m Ag a

ev sa gbh; 16. sz Xa sa ty c l; 17.

snc-lava i.; 18. sarv a Va ev ma;

t ey iv a s ia sa. mAsen

fw a a -qaf; 1. Aba ici,

Aba sa, m a Ab dab nec; 2. e g ey a

Acs sce; 3. AcWA, A is a tsk ee, oa ci, sa m

a ev sa.16 sa sv, 22.11.2012,ca a w m:AcWA, mAsen ppA f 160 mW oazaza csp pa, ://

www.av./a-aaz/a-w//2012/

w47/a-a-w---awa-a--a-

f-160-w-azaza--a.17 t aa lafa a cimAr w fa;

y ay y f fay w

y a a, x m naa ey

Ay one.18 one pa, . 15-16. ://f.a./exa/

y--a-vab--a19 ib, . 15.20

le, 17.04.2012, pa taza: l

notes
http://www.arso.org/Olaeng.pdfhttp://www.mem.gov.ma/publucations/STRATEGIE%20EN%202012.pdfhttp://www.mem.gov.ma/publucations/STRATEGIE%20EN%202012.pdfhttp://www.invest.gov.ma/?Id=67&lang=en&RefCat=3&Ref=146http://www.arso.org/Olaeng.pdfhttp://www.masen.org.ma/index.php?Id=42#/http://www.masen.org.ma/index.php?Id=42#/http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/le-roi-nomme-mustapha-bakkoury-president-du-directoire-de-l-agence-marocaine-de-l-energie-solaire-3231.htmlhttp://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/le-roi-nomme-mustapha-bakkoury-president-du-directoire-de-l-agence-marocaine-de-l-energie-solaire-3231.htmlhttp://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/le-roi-nomme-mustapha-bakkoury-president-du-directoire-de-l-agence-marocaine-de-l-energie-solaire-3231.htmlhttp://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/bibliotheque/briefing/2013/130515/LDM_BRI%282013%29130515_REV1_EN.pdfhttp://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/bibliotheque/briefing/2013/130515/LDM_BRI%282013%29130515_REV1_EN.pdfhttp://www.masen.org.ma/index.php?Id=46&lang=fr#/_http://www.masen.org.ma/index.php?Id=46&lang=fr#/_http://www.masen.org.ma/index.php?Id=45&lang=fr#/_http://www.masen.org.ma/index.php?Id=45&lang=fr#/_http://fr.slideshare.net/Extenda/proyectos-de-energas-renovables-en-marruecoshttp://fr.slideshare.net/Extenda/proyectos-de-energas-renovables-en-marruecoshttp://www.masen.org.ma/index.php?Id=47&lang=fr#/_http://www.masen.org.ma/index.php?Id=47&lang=fr#/_http://www.solarserver.com/solar-magazine/solar-news/current/2012/kw47/concentrating-solar-power-in-morocco-acwa-masen-sign-ppa-for-160-mw-ouarzazate-csp-plant.htmlhttp://www.solarserver.com/solar-magazine/solar-news/current/2012/kw47/concentrating-solar-power-in-morocco-acwa-masen-sign-ppa-for-160-mw-ouarzazate-csp-plant.htmlhttp://www.solarserver.com/solar-magazine/solar-news/current/2012/kw47/concentrating-solar-power-in-morocco-acwa-masen-sign-ppa-for-160-mw-ouarzazate-csp-plant.htmlhttp://www.solarserver.com/solar-magazine/solar-news/current/2012/kw47/concentrating-solar-power-in-morocco-acwa-masen-sign-ppa-for-160-mw-ouarzazate-csp-plant.htmlhttp://fr.slideshare.net/Extenda/proyectos-de-energas-renovables-en-marruecoshttp://fr.slideshare.net/Extenda/proyectos-de-energas-renovables-en-marruecoshttp://fr.slideshare.net/Extenda/proyectos-de-energas-renovables-en-marruecoshttp://fr.slideshare.net/Extenda/proyectos-de-energas-renovables-en-marruecoshttp://www.solarserver.com/solar-magazine/solar-news/current/2012/kw47/concentrating-solar-power-in-morocco-acwa-masen-sign-ppa-for-160-mw-ouarzazate-csp-plant.htmlhttp://www.solarserver.com/solar-magazine/solar-news/current/2012/kw47/concentrating-solar-power-in-morocco-acwa-masen-sign-ppa-for-160-mw-ouarzazate-csp-plant.htmlhttp://www.solarserver.com/solar-magazine/solar-news/current/2012/kw47/concentrating-solar-power-in-morocco-acwa-masen-sign-ppa-for-160-mw-ouarzazate-csp-plant.htmlhttp://www.solarserver.com/solar-magazine/solar-news/current/2012/kw47/concentrating-solar-power-in-morocco-acwa-masen-sign-ppa-for-160-mw-ouarzazate-csp-plant.htmlhttp://www.masen.org.ma/index.php?Id=47&lang=fr#/_http://www.masen.org.ma/index.php?Id=47&lang=fr#/_http://fr.slideshare.net/Extenda/proyectos-de-energas-renovables-en-marruecoshttp://fr.slideshare.net/Extenda/proyectos-de-energas-renovables-en-marruecoshttp://www.masen.org.ma/index.php?Id=45&lang=fr#/_http://www.masen.org.ma/index.php?Id=45&lang=fr#/_http://www.masen.org.ma/index.php?Id=46&lang=fr#/_http://www.masen.org.ma/index.php?Id=46&lang=fr#/_http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/bibliotheque/briefing/2013/130515/LDM_BRI%282013%29130515_REV1_EN.pdfhttp://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/bibliotheque/briefing/2013/130515/LDM_BRI%282013%29130515_REV1_EN.pdfhttp://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/le-roi-nomme-mustapha-bakkoury-president-du-directoire-de-l-agence-marocaine-de-l-energie-solaire-3231.htmlhttp://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/le-roi-nomme-mustapha-bakkoury-president-du-directoire-de-l-agence-marocaine-de-l-energie-solaire-3231.htmlhttp://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/le-roi-nomme-mustapha-bakkoury-president-du-directoire-de-l-agence-marocaine-de-l-energie-solaire-3231.htmlhttp://www.masen.org.ma/index.php?Id=42#/http://www.masen.org.ma/index.php?Id=42#/http://www.arso.org/Olaeng.pdfhttp://www.invest.gov.ma/?Id=67&lang=en&RefCat=3&Ref=146http://www.mem.gov.ma/publucations/STRATEGIE%20EN%202012.pdfhttp://www.mem.gov.ma/publucations/STRATEGIE%20EN%202012.pdfhttp://www.arso.org/Olaeng.pdf


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ma iv dv Ay (k f m),://www.v.v.a/?i=67&a=&rfca=3&rf=146.
http://www.leconomiste.com/article/893431-parc-olien-de-tazale-consortium-edf-en-mitsui-d-croche-le-projethttp://www.leconomiste.com/article/893431-parc-olien-de-tazale-consortium-edf-en-mitsui-d-croche-le-projethttp://www.leconomiste.com/article/893431-parc-olien-de-tazale-consortium-edf-en-mitsui-d-croche-le-projethttp://www.mem.gov.ma/revue_presse/questpdf/energies-renouvelables.pdfhttp://www.mem.gov.ma/revue_presse/questpdf/energies-renouvelables.pdfhttp://www.mem.gov.ma/revue_presse/questpdf/energies-renouvelables.pdfhttp://www.one.org.ma/fr/doc/en.pdfhttp://fr.slideshare.net/Extenda/proyectos-de-energas-renovables-en-marruecoshttp://fr.slideshare.net/Extenda/proyectos-de-energas-renovables-en-marruecoshttp://fr.slideshare.net/Extenda/proyectos-de-energas-renovables-en-marruecoshttp://fr.slideshare.net/Extenda/proyectos-de-energas-renovables-en-marruecoshttp://www.wsrw.org/a105x2614http://www.wsrw.org/a105x2615http://www.wsrw.org/a105x2634http://www.mem.gov.ma/revue_presse/CP_PDF/Communique%20presse%20Tanger%20Anglais280610.pdfhttp://www.mem.gov.ma/revue_presse/CP_PDF/Communique%20presse%20Tanger%20Anglais280610.pdfhttp://www.invest.gov.ma/?Id=67&lang=en&RefCat=3&Ref=146http://www.invest.gov.ma/?Id=67&lang=en&RefCat=3&Ref=146http://www.mem.gov.ma/revue_presse/CP_PDF/Communique%20presse%20Tanger%20Anglais280610.pdfhttp://www.mem.gov.ma/revue_presse/CP_PDF/Communique%20presse%20Tanger%20Anglais280610.pdfhttp://www.wsrw.org/a105x2634http://www.wsrw.org/a105x2615http://www.wsrw.org/a105x2614http://fr.slideshare.net/Extenda/proyectos-de-energas-renovables-en-marruecoshttp://fr.slideshare.net/Extenda/proyectos-de-energas-renovables-en-marruecoshttp://fr.slideshare.net/Extenda/proyectos-de-energas-renovables-en-marruecoshttp://fr.slideshare.net/Extenda/proyectos-de-energas-renovables-en-marruecoshttp://www.one.org.ma/fr/doc/en.pdfhttp://www.mem.gov.ma/revue_presse/questpdf/energies-renouvelables.pdfhttp://www.mem.gov.ma/revue_presse/questpdf/energies-renouvelables.pdfhttp://www.mem.gov.ma/revue_presse/questpdf/energies-renouvelables.pdfhttp://www.leconomiste.com/article/893431-parc-olien-de-tazale-consortium-edf-en-mitsui-d-croche-le-projethttp://www.leconomiste.com/article/893431-parc-olien-de-tazale-consortium-edf-en-mitsui-d-croche-le-projethttp://www.leconomiste.com/article/893431-parc-olien-de-tazale-consortium-edf-en-mitsui-d-croche-le-projet


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48 ea paa lbay, may 2013, sa y v m, ://www.a.a./rdaa/bbq/

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f, ://www.ww./a214x235254 ib.55 WsrW, 10.11.2010, n undp j W saaa,

://www.ww./a159x166256 WsrW, 12.04.2013, cdm f ay a f saaa j,://www.ww./a105x2565
http://www.siemens.com/press/en/pressrelease/?press=/en/pressrelease/2012/energy/wind-power/ewp201201025.htmhttp://www.siemens.com/press/en/pressrelease/?press=/en/pressrelease/2012/energy/wind-power/ewp201201025.htmhttp://www.siemens.com/press/en/pressrelease/?press=/en/pressrelease/2012/energy/wind-power/ewp201201025.htmhttp://www.leconomiste.com/article/890879-nareva-opte-pour-les-oliennes-de-siemenshttp://www.leconomiste.com/article/890879-nareva-opte-pour-les-oliennes-de-siemenshttp://www.siemens.com/press/en/pressrelease/?press=/en/pressrelease/2012/energy/wind-power/ewp201201025.htmhttp://www.siemens.com/press/en/pressrelease/?press=/en/pressrelease/2012/energy/wind-power/ewp201201025.htmhttp://www.siemens.com/press/en/pressrelease/?press=/en/pressrelease/2012/energy/wind-power/ewp201201025.htmhttp://www.wsrw.org/a214x2359http://www.gdfsuez.com/actualites/communiques-de-presse/gdf-suez-va-construire-et-exploiter-le-plus-grand-parc-eolien-dafrique/http://www.gdfsuez.com/actualites/communiques-de-presse/gdf-suez-va-construire-et-exploiter-le-plus-grand-parc-eolien-dafrique/http://www.gdfsuez.com/actualites/communiques-de-presse/gdf-suez-va-construire-et-exploiter-le-plus-grand-parc-eolien-dafrique/http://www.cimentsdumaroc.com/NR/rdonlyres/CC9A75C5-C95F-4968-80C6-555B51CC71A6/23117/InaugurationParc%C3%A9olienLa%C3%A2youne.pdfhttp://www.cimentsdumaroc.com/NR/rdonlyres/CC9A75C5-C95F-4968-80C6-555B51CC71A6/23117/InaugurationParc%C3%A9olienLa%C3%A2youne.pdfhttp://www.cimentsdumaroc.com/NR/rdonlyres/CC9A75C5-C95F-4968-80C6-555B51CC71A6/23117/InaugurationParc%C3%A9olienLa%C3%A2youne.pdfhttp://www.cimentsdumaroc.com/NR/rdonlyres/CC9A75C5-C95F-4968-80C6-555B51CC71A6/23117/InaugurationParc%C3%A9olienLa%C3%A2youne.pdfhttp://www.cimentsdumaroc.com/NR/rdonlyres/48C68181-5BAA-468B-BF92-9818DD971922/23121/CP_InaugurationParc%C3%A9olienLa%C3%A2youneVF1.pdfhttp://www.cimentsdumaroc.com/NR/rdonlyres/48C68181-5BAA-468B-BF92-9818DD971922/23121/CP_InaugurationParc%C3%A9olienLa%C3%A2youneVF1.pdfhttp://www.cimentsdumaroc.com/NR/rdonlyres/48C68181-5BAA-468B-BF92-9818DD971922/23121/CP_InaugurationParc%C3%A9olienLa%C3%A2youneVF1.pdfhttp://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/bibliotheque/briefing/2013/130515/LDM_BRI%282013%29130515_REV1_EN.pdfhttp://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/bibliotheque/briefing/2013/130515/LDM_BRI%282013%29130515_REV1_EN.pdfhttp://ufmsecretariat.org/mediterranean-solar-plan-joint-committee-of-national-experts-discusses-draft-of-the-master-plan/http://ufmsecretariat.org/mediterranean-solar-plan-joint-committee-of-national-experts-discusses-draft-of-the-master-plan/http://ufmsecretariat.org/mediterranean-solar-plan-joint-committee-of-national-experts-discusses-draft-of-the-master-plan/http://www.guardian.co.uk/sustainable-business/desertec-western-saharahttp://www.guardian.co.uk/sustainable-business/desertec-western-saharahttp://www.wsrw.org/a214x2352http://www.wsrw.org/a159x1662http://www.wsrw.org/a105x2565http://www.wsrw.org/a105x2565http://www.wsrw.org/a159x1662http://www.wsrw.org/a214x2352http://www.guardian.co.uk/sustainable-business/desertec-western-saharahttp://www.guardian.co.uk/sustainable-business/desertec-western-saharahttp://ufmsecretariat.org/mediterranean-solar-plan-joint-committee-of-national-experts-discusses-draft-of-the-master-plan/http://ufmsecretariat.org/mediterranean-solar-plan-joint-committee-of-national-experts-discusses-draft-of-the-master-plan/http://ufmsecretariat.org/mediterranean-solar-plan-joint-committee-of-national-experts-discusses-draft-of-the-master-plan/http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/bibliotheque/briefing/2013/130515/LDM_BRI%282013%29130515_REV1_EN.pdfhttp://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/bibliotheque/briefing/2013/130515/LDM_BRI%282013%29130515_REV1_EN.pdfhttp://www.cimentsdumaroc.com/NR/rdonlyres/48C68181-5BAA-468B-BF92-9818DD971922/23121/CP_InaugurationParc%C3%A9olienLa%C3%A2youneVF1.pdfhttp://www.cimentsdumaroc.com/NR/rdonlyres/48C68181-5BAA-468B-BF92-9818DD971922/23121/CP_InaugurationParc%C3%A9olienLa%C3%A2youneVF1.pdfhttp://www.cimentsdumaroc.com/NR/rdonlyres/48C68181-5BAA-468B-BF92-9818DD971922/23121/CP_InaugurationParc%C3%A9olienLa%C3%A2youneVF1.pdfhttp://www.cimentsdumaroc.com/NR/rdonlyres/CC9A75C5-C95F-4968-80C6-555B51CC71A6/23117/InaugurationParc%C3%A9olienLa%C3%A2youne.pdfhttp://www.cimentsdumaroc.com/NR/rdonlyres/CC9A75C5-C95F-4968-80C6-555B51CC71A6/23117/InaugurationParc%C3%A9olienLa%C3%A2youne.pdfhttp://www.cimentsdumaroc.com/NR/rdonlyres/CC9A75C5-C95F-4968-80C6-555B51CC71A6/23117/InaugurationParc%C3%A9olienLa%C3%A2youne.pdfhttp://www.cimentsdumaroc.com/NR/rdonlyres/CC9A75C5-C95F-4968-80C6-555B51CC71A6/23117/InaugurationParc%C3%A9olienLa%C3%A2youne.pdfhttp://www.gdfsuez.com/actualites/communiques-de-presse/gdf-suez-va-construire-et-exploiter-le-plus-grand-parc-eolien-dafrique/http://www.gdfsuez.com/actualites/communiques-de-presse/gdf-suez-va-construire-et-exploiter-le-plus-grand-parc-eolien-dafrique/http://www.gdfsuez.com/actualites/communiques-de-presse/gdf-suez-va-construire-et-exploiter-le-plus-grand-parc-eolien-dafrique/http://www.wsrw.org/a214x2359http://www.siemens.com/press/en/pressrelease/?press=/en/pressrelease/2012/energy/wind-power/ewp201201025.htmhttp://www.siemens.com/press/en/pressrelease/?press=/en/pressrelease/2012/energy/wind-power/ewp201201025.htmhttp://www.siemens.com/press/en/pressrelease/?press=/en/pressrelease/2012/energy/wind-power/ewp201201025.htmhttp://www.leconomiste.com/article/890879-nareva-opte-pour-les-oliennes-de-siemenshttp://www.leconomiste.com/article/890879-nareva-opte-pour-les-oliennes-de-siemenshttp://www.siemens.com/press/en/pressrelease/?press=/en/pressrelease/2012/energy/wind-power/ewp201201025.htmhttp://www.siemens.com/press/en/pressrelease/?press=/en/pressrelease/2012/energy/wind-power/ewp201201025.htmhttp://www.siemens.com/press/en/pressrelease/?press=/en/pressrelease/2012/energy/wind-power/ewp201201025.htm


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The Court's conclusion is that the materialsand information presented to it do notestablish any tie of territorial sovereigntybetween the territory of Western Sahara andthe Kingdom of Morocco or the Mauritanianentity. Thus the Court has not found legal

ties of such a nature as might affect theapplication of General Assembly resolution1514 (XV) in the decolonization of WesternSahara and, in particular, of the principleof self-determination through the free and

genuine expression of the will of the peoples

of the Territory.iaa c f J, 16 o 1975

dirty green march

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