diesel-electric drives by man diesel

8/8/2019 Diesel-Electric Drives by MAN Diesel

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Diesel-Electric DrivesLower emissions, greater reliability



MAN B&W Diesel3Diesel-Electric Drives – Lower emissions, greater reliability

MAN Diesel & Turbo

The responsible way in leading technology

MAN Diesel & Turbo is the world’s leading designer and manufacturer of low and

medium speed engines – engines from MAN Diesel & Turbo cover an estimated

50% of the power needed for all world trade. We develop two-stroke and four-

stroke engines, auxiliary engines, turbochargers and propulsion packages that are

manufactured both within the MAN Diesel & Turbo Group and at our licencees.

More than ever before, MAN Diesel & Turbo’s development focus is the environ-

mental performance of our engines. Using our unrivalled grasp of large engine

technology, we aim to make our engines progressively cleaner, more powerful and

more efficient.

We are firmly committed to reducing emissions while increasing fuel efficiency and

power density. This includes an active partnership with environmental institutions

and development banks. For our customers, it means engines and system pack-

ages that result in powerful yet clean prime movers.



4 Diesel-Electric Drives – Lower emissions, greater reliability


MAN Diesel & Turbo: Electric PropulsionReliability and reduced emissions

Looking to the future

The global maritime industry faces major challenges:

meeting new environmental and safety standards,

especially in terms emissions, without sacrificing

profitability or efficiency. MAN Diesel & Turbo under-

stands these pressures. We are working to give the

industry long-term solutions.

Ready for IMO Tiers II and III

The International Maritime Organisation’s IMO MAR-

POL 73/78 Annex VI is phasing in increasingly

stringent limits on nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions.

The shipping industry needs to be prepared for the

second and third stages of regulations, IMO Tier II

and IMO Tier III, which will enter into force in 2011

and 2016.

At MAN Diesel & Turbo, we are helping our customers

to plan ahead. We announced a full range of IMO

Tier II-compliant low and medium speed diesel

engines in 2008 – a full shipbuilding cycle ahead of

IMO Tier II’s introduction.

Now, MAN Diesel & Turbo is offering solutions that

are already compliant with IMO Tier III – ensuring the

shipping industry is even better placed for the future.

Why propulsion systems matter

Besides emissions, increased environmental aware-

ness is leading to a range of restrictions on shipping.

For example, to minimise the damage to coral reefs,

vessels need to maintain their position without

anchoring. This requires smooth running and accurate

control.

But environmental considerations are not the only

factor. At sea, reliability is crucial. Moreover, propul-

sion plants must meet safety requirements while

maintaining profitability, through fuel efficiency.

The advantages of diesel-electric

Diesel-electric drives meet all these needs and more.

They offer a host of benefits, including reduced fuel

consumption, lower emissions, safe and reliable

propulsion, improved manoeuvrability, and high re-

dundancy.

In particular, diesel-electric drives are effective in

meeting fluctuating power demands: multiple smaller

engines can be either switched off or run at full load,

providing greater flexibility and efficiency.

For a real-world example of these benefits, take ferries

that provide regular services across fjords and other

waterways. Electric propulsion's superior manoeuvra-

bility has significantly reduced fuel consumption and

improved on-time running. So it's not surprising that

the latest models are fitted with diesel-electric drives.





MAN Diesel-Electric Applications An increasingly attractive source of propulsion

The time has come

Electric propulsion is not a recent innovation. But

only lately has it become a viable alternative, as the

technology has improved and components have

come down in cost. Over the last twenty years elec-

tric propulsion, combined with medium-speed diesel

engines, has been employed in increasing numbers

of consumers. Today, hundreds of different types of

ships are powered by diesel-electric drives, in a large

variety of configurations.

How it works

How does a diesel-electric plant work? Diesel-driven

generators provide electric power for both propulsion

and onboard purposes. For maximum efficiency,

MAN Diesel & Turbo ensures that the number of gen-

sets matches the total power demand. Electric power

is distributed via the main switchboards.

Variable speed propulsion drives, which include elec-

tric propulsion motors and frequency converters,

are another key component. Frequency converters

control the speed of the propulsion motor by varying

frequency and voltage.

Electric-powered azimuth thrusters or pods improve

propulsion efficiency and positioning capability.

Available in various configurations for transit, ma-

noeuvring and station keeping, these are increasingly

common in many types of vessels.

Sample Diesel-Electric Drive of

a Platform Supply Vessel

Propulsors (azimuth thrusters)

Diesel engines

Generators

Main switchboards

Supply transformers

Frequency converters

Electric propulsion motors

Advances in technology have made electric propulsion a field with high potential.

And there is no better way to exploit this potential for your application than with a

MAN Diesel & Turbo diesel-electric drive.

MAN Diesel & Turbo provides

complete packages, ensuring

perfectly matched components

and streamlined systems





The Advantages of Diesel-ElectricEfficient, high-performance propulsion

More flexibility in location of propulsors – because

the propulsors are supplied with electric power

through cables, they do not need to be adjacent to

the prime mover.

Lower propulsion noise and reduced vibrations, as

reduction transmissions are often not required.

Effective performance in icy conditions, as the sys-

tem can provide maximum torque at low speed.

Lower fuel consumption and emissions due to the

possibility to optimize loading of engines. Connect-

ed constant-speed engines operate at full load,

with maximum efficiency.

Reduced life cycle costs, resulting from lower fuel

consumption and maintenance costs. In particular,

this applies to vessels that have a large variation in

load demand: for example, dynamic positioning

(DP) vessels, which divide their time equally

between transit and station-keeping operations.

High reliability, due to multiple engine redundancy.

Even if an engine malfunctions, there will still be

sufficient power to operate the vessel safely.

Reduced vulnerability to a single point of failure,

providing the basis for compliance with redundancy

requirements.

Improved manoeuvrability and station-keeping

ability, by deploying special propulsors such as

azimuth thrusters or pods.

Increased payload, as diesel-electric systems take

up less space.

Diesel-electric applications by MAN Diesel & Turbo are designed to meet our

customers’ highest expectations. We offer full diesel-electric packages, includ-

ing everything from gensets to propulsors, including switchboards, converters,transformers and motors. Our packages offer a host of benefits, including:





Typical Diesel-Electric Applications

Offshore support vessels

Electric propulsion is the norm in ships that frequently

require dynamic positioning (DP), such as platform

supply vessels, diving support vessels or pipe layers.

Initially these vessels mainly used variable speed

motor drives and fixed pitch (FP) propellers; now, they

mostly deploy variable speed thrusters.

In light of the lifetime benefits shown by economic

analyses, advanced anchor handling tug supply

(AHTS) vessels are increasingly being equipped with

hybrid diesel-mechanical and diesel-electric propul-

sion.

For vessels with a diverse range of activities, diesel-

electric propulsion delivers significantly lower fuel

consumption and emissions compared to convention-

al mechanical propulsion. Ship owners have reported

fuel savings of between 15 – 25 per cent, depending

on the operational profile, and even 30 – 40 per cent

in low-load DP operations.

Passenger vessels

Passenger vessels - cruise ships and ferries - are an

important segment of shipping with a particularly

demanding freight: passengers. Onboard comfort is a

high priority, requiring low noise levels and vibrations

from the ship’s machinery. Electrical propulsion can

provide just that.

But comfort is not the only imperative: safety is para-

mount. Existing regulations, such as the International

Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), as

well as forthcoming “Safe Return to Port” require-

ments, stipulate both reliability and availability. In this

respect, the advantages of diesel-electric propulsion

are well known.

Not only are diesel-electric systems highly reliable,

they are also cost-efficient. For example, podded

propulsion increases propulsion efficiency by eight to

ten per cent. In addition to significantly reducing fuel

costs, these pods also improve manoeuvrability. As a

result, more and more cruise ships are being built with

diesel-electric systems.

Oil and gas exploration and production

Until quite recently, oil and gas wells were located in

shallow waters, where they could be drilled by jackup

rigs or drilling barges. When these shallow-water fields

became depleted, oil and gas companies moved into

deeper waters. However, these reservoirs can only be

tapped by large semi-submersible rigs or drillships,

which require a large quantity of electric power.

Not surprisingly, electric propulsion has become the

leading design for vessels in many offshore oil and

gas fields, including the North Sea and Brazil. And it

is becoming increasingly popular in new fields, as

oil companies seek to reduce operating costs and

emissions.

Dredgers and construction vessels

Craft that operate in shallow waters, such as dred-

gers, construction vessels and windmill installation

vessels, also benefit from diesel-electric propulsion

and station-keeping.

In these applications, electric propulsion meets a

number of criteria, such as accurate manoeuvrability,

fuel economy, and the ability to move working

place frequently. In vessels with a large ship service

electrical system, the ship service and propulsion

power generators can be combined, achieving higher

redundancy and making better use of installed power

capacity.

In addition to DP systems, drillships and semi-sub-

mersibles are equipped with azimuth thrusters, which

are capable of propelling the vessel in any direction.

These thrusters are integrated into the vessel’s

control system, which uses satellite-positioning

technology. In conjunction with sensors located on

the drilling template, this ensures that the ship is

directly above the drill site at all times.

A typical installation consists of either two or three

separate engine rooms, depending on its DP classifi-

cation. Flexibility, availability and operational maintain-

ability are essential in these vessels – making diesel-

electric systems an ideal source of propulsion.

Shuttle tankers

Shuttle tankers are used to transport oil from offshore

facilities (platforms or floating, production, storage

and offloading, or FPSO vessels) to a processing or

storage terminal onshore. Many different offloading

methods are used. Most of them require the tankers

to maintain a fixed position (station keeping) with high

accuracy, even in changing conditions. To achieve

this, most shuttle tankers are equipped with a DP

system and electric tunnel or azimuth thrusters.

Many applications involve a high degree of redundan-

cy in propulsion for transit and station keeping. These

solutions normally comprise a redundant power

generation and distribution system, with redundant

propulsion converters and a tandem or redundant

propulsion motor.

Diesel-electric drives have a variety of applications. In fact, electric propulsion’s

numerous advantages make it an asset in a diverse range of highly-specialised

vessels.





A Made-to-Measure Diesel-Electric ApplicationMAN’s methodology means the right diesel-electric

system for you

Start

End

Ship data

Speed − power

estimation

Electrical load

analysis

Engine

selection

Switchboard

layout

Drive and propulsion

motor design

Check

DE plant

Type of vessel

Propulsion type: shaft line, thrusters, pods, etc

Operational profile

Class notation: propulsion redundancy, ice class, etc

Ship design points

Propulsion power: at sea, manoeuvring, at port, etc

Sea margin

Electrical power: at sea, manoeuvring, at port, etc

Efficiency of DE plant: typically 91%

Efficiency of alternators: typically 96% - 97.5%

Number und type of engines/gensets: power installed, etc

Max. allowed loading of engines: % of MCR

Maintenance of engines: at sea operation, at port, etc

Frequency choice: 50/60 Hz

Voltage choice: low voltage, medium voltage

Number of switchboard sections

Alternator parameters: cosφ, xd"

Selection of converter type: PWM, LCI, etc

Selection of pulse number: 6p, 12p, 24p

Selection of supply transformer: possibility of transformer less

configuration (active front end)

Selection of E-propulsion motor and no. of windings

THD mitigation method

Check Isc" : increase voltage, optimize xd", etc

Check availability of reactive power: change number/type of

alternators, cosφ, etc

Check THD limits: increase pulse number, add filters, etc

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440V

1200 kW

3000kW

690V,60Hz

M

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440 V

1335kW 3000 kW 1335 kW

1000kVA 1000 kVA

M

2 x 9L27/38

2970 kW mech

720 rpm

2851 kW el

2x 9L27/38

2970kW mech

720rpm

2851kW el

Multi-Purpose Offshore Support Vessel

Main Dimensions:

Length over all: 131.70 m

Deadweight at design draught: 6,850 t

Speed:

Trial speed at design draught: 13.0 kn

DP System:

Class: DP3

Four main generator sets:

MAN 9L27/38

Maximum output: 2,970 kW

Engine speed: 720 rqm

Alternators

Maximum output: 2,980 kVA

Voltage: 690 Volt

Frequency: 60 Hz

Thrusters:

Two azimuth thrusters (aft) with variable speed drive and CPP:

3,000 kW each

Two tunnel thrusters (fwd, CPP): 1,335 kW each

One retractable azimuth thruster (fwd, CPP): 1,200 kW

Example of a Diesel-Electric System Package

Single Line Diagram




PrimeServ – peace of mind for life

With more than 150 PrimeServ service stations and

service partners worldwide, plus our growing network

of PrimeServ Academies, the MAN Diesel & Turbo

after-sales organisation is committed to maintaining

the most efficient and accessible after-sales organisa-

tion in the business.

PrimeServ’s aim is to provide:

Prompt delivery of high demand OEM spare parts

within 24 hours

Fast, reliable and competent customer support

Individually tailored O&M contracts

Ongoing training and qualification of service personnel

Global service, open 24 hours-a-day, 365 days-a-year

Diagnosis and troubleshooting with our high perfor-

mance Online Service

Retrofitting of the latest MAN Diesel & Turbo

engine and turbocharger technologies for improved

operating economy and minimised emissions

The PrimeServ offering

Based on almost 110 years of service experience

with marine diesel engines, our sophisticated

logistics system ensures that all frequently requested

spare parts are available worldwide within 24 hours.

In addition, MAN Diesel & Turbo Online Service

helps to optimise maintenance cycles by the use

of remote engine monitoring, diagnostics and cali-

bration. The resulting condition-based maintenance

(CBM) promotes high availability, increases opera-

tional safety, shortens downtimes and enhances the

performance of MAN Diesel & Turbo marine engines.

The bottom line: leaner operating costs and better

planning for you.

When service is required, the MAN PrimeServ network

responds to organise assistance as fast as possible.

This guarantees rapid completion of maintenance

work and high availability of MAN Diesel & Turbo

engines, GenSets, turbochargers, gears, propellers

and marine propulsion packages.

In short: MAN PrimeServ gives you the benefit of our

specialist expertise in marine power so that you can

concentrate on your own core business.

World Class After Sales Support

For marine propulsion and GenSets

Service Facilities

(Service Centres,

Authorized Repair Shops,

Spare Parts Stocks)

Agencies



MAN Diesel & Turbo

86224 Augsburg, Germany

Phone +49 821 322-0

Fax +49 821 322-3382

[email protected]

www.mandieselturbo.com

C o p y r i gh t © MA N D i e s e l & T ur b o· S u b j e

c t t om o d i f i c a t i oni n t h e i n t e r e s t of t e c h ni c a l pr o gr e s s .· D 2 3 6 6 4 5 9 E N P r i n t e d i n G e r m a n y GM C -A U G- 0 7 1 0 2

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