designing for legacy

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Summer Olympic Games London 2012

Design for Legacy7th semester report

Finish Date 16-10-2010

Author:

Zhaneta Avtanska 7I, E2007I

[email protected]

Copenhagen School of Design and Technology

Thesis advisor:

Rumyana Apostolova

[email protected]

TEL NO. HOME:00442088564142

TEL NO. MOBILE:00447883005817


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Summer Olympic Games London 2012 Design for Legacy

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 2

PREFACE ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ . 3

INTRODUCTION ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 4

The Olympic Park ................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 4

Designing for Legacy ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 7

1. Olympic stadium ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 7

2. Aquatics Centre ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 8

3. IBC/MPC ................................ ................................ ................................ ................... 9

4. Velodrome ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 10

5. Eton Manor ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 11

6. Handball Arena ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 12

7. Olympic Village................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 13

8. Basketball Arena ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 14

SUSTAINAILITY................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 15

Demolition ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................ 15

Green clean-up ................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 16

Waterways ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 16

Habitat relocation ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 17

Infrastructure ................................ ................................ ................................ ................... 17

CONCLUDION ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 22


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PREFACE

The Summer Olympic Games are an international multi-sport event, occurring every four

years, organized by the International Olympic Committee. The whole world is engage to the

event therefore the all venues, infrastructure and the parklands have to combine design flair

with functionality.

In 2012 the eyes of the world will be on us. It will be opportunity to show that is great

about London and UK. That includes the quality and inventiveness of the British

architecture, design, construction and engineers.1

This report has a purpose to introduce the idea behind the London 2012 Gam es, inverse

one-upmanship, meaning less flash and more substance.

From recycling to transportation, substance takes the form of sustainability in every aspect

of the games. When the applause stops and visitors return home, London wants to avoid

weed infested ghost stadiums, where only echoes of the athletes can be heard. The over-

riding Olympic goal is to change the way we build, live, work, do business and travel to help

us live happy and healthy lives, within our planets resources.2

The Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA)3is responsible for the Master plan for the Olympic

Park, and the design and construction of the Park for the Games and for the immediate post

Games legacy in 2013. ODA has set itself and its contractors working on the Park a

comprehensive range of targets, which are embedded in systems, processes, tools and the

culture of the project.

The master plan identifies staging the 2012 Games as: 'the major catalyst for change and

regeneration in East London, especially the Lea Valley, leveraging resources, spurring timely

completion of already programmed infrastructure investment and leaving a legacy to be

valued by future generations'.

1David Higgins Chief Executive Olympic Delivery Authority

2The explanation of Paul Deighton, LOCOG (London Organising Committee for the Olympic Games) Chief

3An Executive Non-Departmental Public Body accountable to Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport


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INTRODUCTION

The Olympic Park

The London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games Park will span two million square meters

or 500 acres, of the Lower Lea Valley, which forms the boundary between the boroughs of

Newham, Waltham Forest, Hackney and Tower Hamlets. The Lower Lea Valley is one of

Londons most underdeveloped areas. Big part of the land of Lower Lea Valley is taken up

with derelict industrial land and poor housing, often divided by underused waterways,

pylons, roads, the London Underground and heavy rail lines.

Over the past three years this industrial contaminated land has been rapidly transformed.

The Lower Lea Valley has been reconnected to London for the first time in sixty years, setting

out a vision how the Games could play a major role in revitalisation of E ast London, and for

regeneration in a sustainable way.

The Sustainability Plan focuses on five key themes:

1. Climate change: minimising greenhouse gas emissions and ensuring legacy facilities are

able to cope with the impacts of climate change.

2. Waste: minimising waste at every stage of the project, ensuring no waste is sent to landfillduring Games-time, and encouraging the development of new waste processing

infrastructure in East London.

3. Biodiversity: minimising the impact of the Games on wildlife and their habitats in and

around Games venues, leaving a legacy of enhanced habitats.

4. Inclusion: Promoting access for all and celebrating the diversity of London and the UK,

creating new employment, training and business opportunities.

5. Healthy living: Inspiring people across the country to take up sport and develop active,

healthy and sustainable lifestyles.

After the Games the Olympic Park will be transformed into one of the largest urban parks

created in Europe for more than 150 years.


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The canals and waterways of the River Lea will be cleaned and widened, and the natural

floodplains of the area will be restored to provide a new wetland habitat for wildlife.

The park will be planted with native species, including oak, ash, willow, birch, hazel, holly,

blackthorn and hawthorn, providing a home for wildlife in the middle of the city.

The world-class sports facilities will be adapted for use by sports clubs and the local

community as well as elite athletes. New playing fields sitting alongside these facilities will

be adapted for community use.

The Olympic Village, where athletes and officials will stay during t he Games, will be

converted into homes, many available for key workers such as teachers and nurses.

Together with the new homes in the Olympic Village, there will be further housing built with

the Olympic Park site after the Games. Riverside housing, shops, restaurants and cafes will

provide new amenities for the local community.

The communities surrounding the Park will enjoy access to the open space via a network of

canal towpaths, footpaths and cycleways.

Economically, the area will be transformed. Thousands of new jobs will be created in the

Park alone. Job and training opportunities will be created for local people, and local

residents will be engaged in the planning of the Games and the benefits the proj ect will

bring afterwards.

There will also be a wealth of benefits to the wider community , such us an improvement of

the existing transport links and building new links where there are needed across London

and UK. A range of transport improvments serving the Park are being build. The work will

ensure that there are good accesible transport options for all spectators travelling to the

London 2012 Games. It will also provide better transport options, particulary for people

living in east London, long after t he 2012 Games.

The Games will leave a key legacy of national benefits in culture, sport, volunteering,

business and tourism.


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Summer Olymp"c Games London2012Design for Legacy

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D#

signing for Legac$

The main venues (see the map) are designed with legacy in mind, c%

mbining design fair with

functionality&

The Olympic Delivery Authority wants to make an architectural statement in 2012&

However,

they want the Park to bring long-term benefits for the local people&

The Olympic Gamesare

notjust quick-fix boost for tourism and inward investment; the Gamescan be a springboard

for regeneration and development.

1. Olympic stadiumThe London OlympicStadium will be thecentrepiece of the2012Summer Olympics and

Paralympic. TheStadium is located in

thesouth of the Olympic Park on an

island site, surrounded by

waterways on threesides.

Spectators will reach thevenuevia

five bridges that link thesite to the

surrounding area.Facilities for

athletes within theStadium include

changing rooms, medical support

facilities and an 80m warm-up track. Spectator services, refreshments and merchandise

outlets will be located outside thevenue on a podium that will surround theStadium,

rather than being located within theStadium

itself.

The OlympicStadium bowl consists of lower tier

of25,000 permanent seats, set into the landscape

with an upper tier of55,000 temporaryseats.

Spectator access to the bowl isvia a series of

entrancesset radially around the perimeter of the

Stadium. A steel compression ring issupported on

Figure 3:The sections of the Olympic stadium.

Figure 2'

Anartists impressionof the Olympic Stadium


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Summer Olympic Games London2012Design for Legacy

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external steel columns, with cables tensioned around an inner ring to support afabric

membrane roofcover.

This is the lightest OlympicStadium

to date. In theconstruction was

minimized the use ofsteel and this

helped to be reduced carbon

footprint. In theconstruction there

were used and a lot of materials

reclaimed after demolishing

buildings on thesite (for further

information refer to chapter

Sustainability). For example,

unwanted gas pipelines are used for roof truss and the foundation of theStadium are from

recycled materials.

After the Games, it will be transformed into a 25,000capacity Athleticsstadium and will host

a variety ofsporting, educational, cultural and communityevents. It will be a sustainable and

vibrant facility, attracting other businesses and investment and acting as a hub for the

communities living in and around the Olympic Park.

2. Aquatics CentreThe Aquatics Centre will be the gateway to the Olympic Park during the London 2012

Games. It issituated in thesouth-east corner of the Olympic Park. The design of the wavelike

roof will be one of the iconic images of the London 2012 Games and provide an inspirational

architectural legacy. It

will also showcase the

world class design,engineering and

construction involved

in delivering the2012

venues.

Figure 4: Anaerial image of the Olympic Stadium in June

Figure 5: Anartists impressionof the Aquatics Centerduring the Games,

showing the temporary stands on either side of thepermanent structure.


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For theconstruction of the

concrete foundation of the

Aquatic Centre it was used high

content of the recycled material

reclaimed after the demolishing

of the buildings on thesite (for

further information refer to

chapter Sustainability). The

venue roof is lined with 11,000sq

m of100% recycled aluminium

material. In the design there is

plan to reduce the amount of the

water used, like the pool water will be reused to flush thevenues toilets. The Aquatic

Centrecomprises a permanent central structure with two temporaryseating wings(

during

the Games. Thesecombine to givecapacity of17,500seats during the Games.

After the Games the Centre will be transformed into a facility for use by the local community

and eliteswimmers. The temporarystands will be removed, leaving a capacity of2,500,

although it will be possible to increase this for major events.

3. IBC/MPCThe International Broadcast

Centre)

0ain Press Centre

(IBC/MPC) will be a 24-hour

media hub for around 20,000

broadcasters, photographers and

journalists- bringing the Games

to an estimated four billion

people worldwide. The Centres

are located in the north-west corner of the Olympic Park. It combines an innovative mixture

of permanent and temporaryelements during the Games and has been designed to be

flexible to accommodate a range of potential tenants and uses after the Games.

Figure 6: Anaerialview of the Aquatics Centrein1

ay2010. An

aerialview of the Aquatics Centre showing workprogressingon

the roof's cladding.

Figure 7: Anartists impressionof the2nternationalBroadcast Center


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The MPC has an innovative

design that enables the

building to be adapted after

the Games for either a single

tenant in the whole building or

on each floor, as well as

multiple tenants on each floor.

The MPC includesstate-of-the-

art utilities, power and digital

connectivity during and after

the Games. It will `fulfil the demanding green standards through innovations including the

use of recycled water to flush the toilets and for other non-potable uses, as well as a living

roof biodiversityspace for wildlife that will use materials reclaimed from thesite lags and

seeds.

After the Games the buildings will offer more than 80,000sq m of businessspace with

potential to generate thousands of newjobs.

4. VelodromeTheVelodrome for the London 2012 Games is located in the north of the Olympic Park. It

has been designed to create the fastest track and the best possiblecrowd atmosphere.

The6,000-seat Velodrome will host the indoor Olympic and Paralympic track cycling events

in 2012 as well as a BMX circuit for Olympicevents.

The roof design is based on a

very lightweight double

curving cable net structure.

The roof has been designed to

reflect the geometry of the

cycling track.

An abundant use of daylight,

through strategicallyFigure 9: Anartists impressionof the new BMXCircuitduring the

Games

Figure 8: Aerialview of the3BC/MPC inMay2010. On the view is

shown the complete structure of the3nternationalBroadcast Centre

(3BC). The MainPress Centre (MPC), canbe seen taking shape

behindit.


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positioned roof lights will reduce the need for

artificial lighting and allow natural ventilation.

Water saving fittings built into the design will allow

for rainwater reuse in the building, helping reduce

water consumption.

After the Games a road cyclecircuit will be added to

create a legacyVeloPark that will combinecycling

facilities across all disciplines in one cycling hub.

5. Eton ManorEton Manor, located in the north of the Olympic Park, will be used as a training area for

athletes taking part in Aquaticsevents during the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic

Games. In addition, the Wheelchair Tenniscompetition will also take place at Eton Manor

during the Paralympic Games.

After the Games, it is

intended that Eton Manor

will be transformed into a

unique mix ofsporting

facilities for local and

regional communities,

including a tenniscentre

with four indoor and six

outdoor courts (four of

which will be used for

Wheelchair Tennis during

the Games), a hockeycentre with two competition pitches and five-a-side football pitches.

The facilities will be able to accommodateelite hockeyevents for up to 15,000spectators.

In theEton Manor there is going to be130m high wind turbine, which over an average

year will produceenergy to supply1,000 homes. This will help ODA to meet its aim of using

Figure 10: Anartists impressionof the

trackindoors

Figure 11:An artists impressionof the 4 tonManorduring the Games


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on-site renewableenergy and supplying 20 per cent of theenergy requirements after the

Games.

6. Handball ArenaThe London 2012 Handball Arena is located in west of the Olympic Park. It has been

designed to besimple, efficient and flexible.

The Handball Arena

featuresexternal

copper cladding to give

it a distinctive

appearance that as it

ages will develop a rich

natural colour. Theconcourse level

features glazing isencircling the building, enabling visitors to the Olympic Park to view sport

taking place inside, and illuminating thevenue whenlit at night. Thevenue also has a vibrant

and multi-coloured interior, with retractableseating to create a flexiblespace. There are100

light pipes in theceiling to allow natural light into thevenue, reducing the demand for

electric light.

After the games the Handball Arena

will be adapted to become a multi-

use indoor sport centre for

community use, athlete training and

small- and medium-sized events.

Retractableseating will mean the

seating capacitycan be flexible,allowing the Arena to be used for

different activities ranging from

communitysport to international competition. After the games thespace around thevenue

will be retain for temporary warm-up and broadcasting areas.

Figure 13: A view from inside the completedstructure of the

Handball Arena in June 2010

Figure 12: Anartists impressionof the Handball Arena


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7. Olympic VillageThevibrant OlympicVillage issituated in the north of the Olympic Park, within walking

distance of thevenues. During the Olympic Games, the OlympicVillage, which lies adjacent

to the Olympic Park and Stratford City, will comprise residential apartmentsfor around

17,000 athletes and officials, along with shops, restaurants, medical, media and leisure

facilities and large areas of open space.

The development plan includes11

residential blockseach consisting

of five to seven buildingscreating

a privatecommunal garden at the

heart ofeach block.

The overall design places

significant emphasis on the

relationship between the buildings

and thestreets and spaces around

them, so that from the outset the

athletes and later the future residents benefit from a high quality public realm at the heart

of the Olympic Park.

The plan reinterprets

Londons tradition of building

homes around communal

squares and courtyards. The

character and quality of the

Village isenhanced by the

involvement of a range ofarchitecture practices, each

designing one or more of the

individual buildings.

The project will reach the Governments new Code for Sustainable Home Level Four which

is a national environmental standard, resulting in 40% reduction in carbon emissions and

Figure 14: Anartist's impressionof the landscapedareas

surrounding the Athletes' Village.

Figure 15:An aerialview of the Olympic Village showingall11

residentialplots in April2010.


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30% reduction of the water use. The OlympicVillage will fulfil the demanding standards as

well ascovering 40% of the roofspace with green roof.

After the Games, the OlympicVillage will deliver a lasting legacy ofessential new housing for

east London. It will be transformed into 2,800 new homes, including 1,379 affordable

homes.

Thecommunities that develop in the area after the Games will besupported by new parks,

open space, transport links, and community facilities including ChobhamAcademy a world-

class new education campus with 1,800 places for students aged 3-19.

8. Basketball ArenaTheBasketball Arena for the London 2012 Games will be one of the largest-ever temporary

venues built for any Games. During the Games it will be located in the north of the Olympic

Park near theVelodrome and BMX Circuit.

Theconstruction of the Arena consists of giant

framecovered with fabric, which will form the

canvas for spectacular lightning during the

Games. There are going to be12,000 temporary

seats.

After the Games, two thirds of the materials and

elements of the Arena can be reused or recycled

potentially allowing other parts of the UK to

benefit from London 2012.

Figure 16: Anartists impressionof theBasketball Arena

Figure 17: Outside of the Basketball Arena with

internal seating tobe installedin Aug2010.

The internal steelworkinside of the venue is

almost complete andseatingare about tobe

installed.


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From brown togreen The Olympic Park site is being transformed from a brown field site

characterised by large areas of derelict industrial land into a new urban park withimproved

infrastructure and world classsporting facilities.

Demolition

In September 2007 the demolishing works began to clear the way for the2012 Olympic Park.

More than 200 buildings were demolished, from which 97 percent of the material was

reclaimed. Much of these materials were reused in thecreation ofthe Olympic Park.

Before the demolishing work got started a

pre-demolishing survey took place,

indentifying the types and thevolumes of

the materials. From thissurvey, detailed Site

Waste Management Plans were developed.

This included specific targets for reuse and

recycling of materials, as well as plans for

theeffective management of any

contaminated waste. An example for the

reuse of materials in the Olympic Park

development is the reuse of the timber,

arising from any trees which needed to be

removed is reused. In addition, there were

700 to 100t of York Stone and 300t of granitesets reclaimed on thesite, used for paving and

features. Bricks from old sport venues placed in the area were also being reused in building

the new facilities.

By using the materials present already at thesite the waste and the need for transportation

were reduced drastically. In addition 50 percent of the materials, by weight, are transported

to and from the Olympic Park by water or rail during theconstruction, reducing the amount

ofcarbon dioxideemission.

Figure 18:The Lower Lea Valley tobe transformedin

May2006


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Greenclean-up

Hundreds of thousands of tonnes ofsoil which would

otherwise have been transported ofsite wascleaned

and reused. A soil hospital wasset on the Olympic

Park with machines (Japanese Knotweed) that

washed, sieved and shook thesoil free from

contaminantssuch as oil, petrol, tar, cyanide, arsenic,

lead and somevery low level radioactive materials.

Over 20 million gallons ofcontaminated ground water

was treated using innovative techniques, including

injecting compounds into the ground, generating

oxygen to break down harmful chemicals.

Waterwa8

s

One ofcharacteristic features of the Olympic Park is

the waterways. They were neglected and suffered

from under-investment form years, resulting of falling

of the river walls, the river banks being colonised by

invasivespecies and poor quality of the water.

After a multi-million pound dredging programme was

approved. From the river were removed 30,000

tonnes ofsilt, gravel and rubber as well as tyres,

shopping trolleys, timber and at least one motor car.

This programme also helped to be improved the water

quality, creating a more accessible habitat for wildlife.

The river walls have been repaired, the invasivespecies werecleared and new water side

habitatscreated. The tow path quality and access are being improved, helping to efficiently

transport supplies to the Olympic facilities in the Park.

Figure 19: October2007- soilon the

conveyorbeltafterbeing shaken free of

contaminants by the soil washing

machine

Figure 20: Waterworks River wharf for

barge deliveries andremoval. The

Aquatics Centre visible in the

background.


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Habitatrelocation

During the demolition and theconstruction work has

been taken care of the protection of the wildlife and

the habitats on the Park.

There was developed an ecology management plan,

which included translocation 4,000smooth newts, 100

toads and 300common lizards as well as fish including

pikes and eels. Sandmartin and Kingfishers nests were

created outside the Park and a programme of bird and bat surveys wascarried out by

ecologists on thesite.

A new wildlife habitat wascreated on Hackney Marshes to provide a home for insectssuch

as the Toadflax BrocadeMoth and species ofSolitaryBee.

Infrastructure

An entirely new utilities infrastructure has been commissioned and is being installed in the

Olympic Park to meet the long-term needs of the Lower Lea Valleycommunities and the

demands of the London 2012Games.

Beneath the Olympic Park there were built two six-

kilometre tunnels, enabling the power to becarried

under the ground. During the tunnelling there were

reclaimed 200,000cubic meter ofsoil, thevast

majority of which was reused in construction of the

Park. From thesite were also removed 52 pylons and

130km of overhead wires.

The original utility networks underneath the Park have been diverted, removed or

disconnected. By July2010 the infrastructure for an entirely new network of utilities (gas,

water, electricity, telecommunications and sewage) had been installed to provide a

backbone for the long-term development of the area.

Figure209April 2007-ecology workers

scour Pudding Mill River for fish near

thesite for the OlympicStadium

Figure20 9 November2008 -one of two

undergroundtunnels thatholdthe

electricity cables to supply the Parkand


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A new Energy Centre is being

constructed in the west of the Park to

support London 2012scommitment to

use renewable and energy-efficient

technology. The Centre will include a

biomass boiler that uses woodchip as

fuel to generate heat, and natural gas

powered Combined Cooling, Heat and

Power plant (CCHP). During the Games the Centre will provide heating, cooling (for air

conditioning) and power for thevenues across the Park. After theGames it will contribute

power and provide heating and cooling for thelocal area.

A PrimarySubstation is being built

alongside theEnergy Centre to

distributeelectricityefficiency for the

wider national network to thePark and

the development after 2012.

In October 2009, the Primary

Substation became the first building tobecompleted on the Park. Ahead of

the Games it will support contractors

building thevenues on the Park, beginning with the OlympicStadium in spring 2010

reducing the need for temporary generators.

A new permanent Pumping Station has been built in thesouth of the Olympic Park. Together

with a new sewer network, it will collect, convey and remove waste water from the main

venues and buildings in the Park during the London 2012 Games, and from thevenues andresidential developments after 2012.

The Pumping Station was thesecond building to becompleted on the Olympic Park and is

circular to reflect theengineering used in thesewer shafts beneath the ground.

Figure 22:An artists impressionof the Olympic Park

Substation

Figure 21:An artists impressionof the @ nergy Centre


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Key architectural elements in the

construction of the Pumping Station

have been used to create a visually

interesting building, including the use

of imagery on theexternal face of the

building, feature lighting of the building

and tower, landscaping works, and the

use ofstriking colours on key pieces of

equipment.

A glowing lantern at the top of the

Pumping Station's tower will be a visible landmark for thesurrounding area and the new

Crossrail station that will be located immediately behind the building.

Bridgesandunderpasses

........

Green Transport

The Olympic Delivery Authority (ODAs) transport plan for the London 2012 Games have

proposed innovativesolutionsto reduce the amount ofcarbon dioxideemissions from

transport activities, resulting in helping to tackleclimatechange, improving air quality,

health, safety and mobility.

The majority of thespectatorsvisiting the Olympic Park will use three gateways stationsA

Stratford Regional, Stratford International and West Ham. TheOlympic Delivery Authority is

funding or contributing funding to a series of improvement to transport infrastructure to

create a safe, reliable and accessible transport system for the increased number of

passengers during the Games.

The improvements will also leave lasting benefits after the Games and transforming this part

ofeast London into one of the best connected areas of thecapital.

Figure 23: PumpingStationandnew sewernetworkat

night in Jan2010. The Olympic Stadiums visible in the

back round.


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Eight million people are expected at the London 2012 Olympics but their cars are not invited.

The 2012 games will be car free, a first for the Olympics, with the only options for transport

between the venues 1) walking, 2) biking or 3) public transport.

With 800,000 people expected to converge on venues in a day, one organizer described it as

the "country's largest peacetime logistical operation." The organizers don't even want to

encourage driving to edge of the car free zones. Plans were scrapped for two park -and-ride

sites in the Park. Even the handicapped will only be allowed a limited number of parking

spots outside of the car exclusion zones.

The organizers are giving detailed information on how to get to the events with the ticket

order and updated information will be sent to cell phones. Organizers will help in getting to

the games car free by giving out all-zones travel card and discounted flat-rate rail tickets. The

gap between the trains at the London 2012 Olympics will be 13.87 seconds. For two months

around the games, 80,000 people in the "Olympic Family" (athletes, officials and media), get

their own lane, called "Zil Lanes" on major routes in London.

Efficient train service plus bus transport, bicycle and walking paths will keep car traffic out of

the Olympic Park, reducing carbon emission.

The ODA has also explored ways to further reduce the carbon impact of its transport

activities, including the use of low -carbon concrete in the construction of transport

infrastructure.

ParklandB

The Olympic Park will deliver vital green infrastructure for the new community that will live,

work and play in and around the Olympic Park after 2012.

Former industrial land, much of it contaminated through years of industrial neglect, is beingtransformed to create 100 hectares of parklands that will provide a colourful setting and a

festival atmosphere for the London 2012 Games and beyond.

The Olympic Park will have two distinct areas the northern and southern parklands. The

two areas will be connected by rivers that will provide a dramatic focus for the parklands

during and after the Games.


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During the Games, the new parklands will provide a fantastic setting for the new sporting

venues, and places for spectators to relax and soak up the atmosphere before and after

events.

After the Games, temporary infrastructure, such as the large screens showing the sporting

action in the Park, will be removed and much of the pedestrian area used by specta tors will

be converted into parklands. The river valleys will be opened to the public as soon as

possible after the Games, and the remaining parklands will be gradually opened as

temporary venues are removed and areas landscaped.

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The northern parklands will be characterised by an open, softer and ecological landscape.

They are inspired by the English landscapes of the 18th century and the great public parks of

Britain, but with a contemporary twist for the 21st century.

During the Games the parklands will provide a place for people to relax, picnic and watch the

sporting action on big screens. It will be a dramatic landscape of angular hills and valleys,

with walkways leading down to the river and wetlands.

After the Games the area will remain as permanent parkland with a great diversity of wildlife

habitats including grasslands, woodlands and wetlands.

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The primary gateway to the Olympic Park during and after the Games will be through the

southern parklands from Stratford Regional Station. Nearly 70 per cent of spectators up to

170,000 people a day will arrive at the Games this way.

During the Games, the area will have a festival feel. Terraced gardens including lawns,

ornamental plants, paths and gathering and seating areas will slope down to the

Waterworks River.

During and after the Games, the gardens will provide visitors with a stunning visual

introduction to the parklands. As they continue to walk through the parklands they will be

able to enjoy a variety of experiences, cultural events and activities.


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CONCLUDION

One of the central reasons London won the right to host the 2012 Olympic Games and

Paralympic Games was its long-term vision of the far wider role the Games could play in

encouraging young people to participate in sport and regenerating east London.

The Olympic Delivery Authoritys (ODA) central job is to deliver the Olympic Park and new

venues and infrastructure for the 2012 Games, on time and to the agreed budget.

Equally important, though, is to achieve this in a sustainable manner, provide value for

money, and to leave a lasting social, economic and environmental legacy for east London.

The Olympic Delivery Authoritys Sustainable Development Strategy sets out a plan of how

the climate change and the waste are going to be talked, encouraging biodiversity, inclusion

and healthy living during the construction phase. It also sets robust performance measures

which will set new standards for the sustainable construction of the venues, fa cilities,

infrastructure and transport used for the Games. These are core components of all project

and contract requirements.

The ODA wants to encourage industry to embrace these objectives and inspire it to think

innovatively. Every contractor, design and decision for 2012 Olympics will strive to set a new

British Green Standard, a continuum that stretches from eliminating wasteful packaging to

practicing environmentally smart disposal to designing an environment friendly Olympic

Flame.

Ultimately ODAs Sustainable Development Strategy can act as a catalyst for the industry to

deliver an improvement in the economic, social and environmental sustainability of

development across the UK. The approach to sustainability can assist of solving challenging

issues such as climate change, depleting natural resources, low skill levels and inequalities in

employment.

The 2012 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games present a golden opportunity for London to

showcase how large-scale regeneration can be delivered in a sustainable manner, raising the

bar for industry and providing a challenging step change for urban development in the UK.


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BibliS

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raphy

http://gadaboutgals.wordpress.com/2009/08/11/london -2012-olympics-goes-green-

sustainability-at-the-right-time/

http://green.autoblog.com/2007/10/31/london -2012-olympics-the-first-to-be-car-free/

http://www.london2012.com/news/2010/05/olympic -delivery-authority-wins-green-award-

for-london-2012-transport-plans.php

http://www.camden.gov.uk/ccm/content/transport-and-streets/transport-

strategies/camdens-green-transport-

strategy.en;jsessionid=B24252F5654398A80A89DA93DC40964A

designing for legacy

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