design research guide (arch. sampan)

8/17/2019 Design Research Guide (Arch. Sampan)

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ARCH. MELODIA RAMOS-SAMPAN

RESEARCH DESIGN


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CHAPTER 1-INTRODUCTION

RESEARCH FOCUS: 3-5 SENTENCESDESCRIBING YOUR CHOSEN FOCUS.

EXAMPLE: THE RESEARCH WILL FOCUS ONFLEXIBILITY AND SPACE INTERRELATIONSHIPS. ITWILL LOOK ON DIFFERENT PRINCIPLES,TECHNIQUES, AND METHODS ON HOW THEFACILITIES WILL CATER DIFFERENT ACTIVITIES ASIDE FROM ITS INTENDED USE. IT WILL ALSOFOCUS ON THE INTERRELATIONSHIP OF SPACESFOR ACCESSIBILITY AND SMOOTH FLOW OF THEUSERS. IN SUCH THAT THE SPACES WILL BE ARRANGED AND GROUPED ACCORDING TO ITSFUNCTION AND USE.


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• Background/Overview

Description of the SituationMacro-environmental Situation: What are the changes(developments) either local or global that led to theformulation of the Project? Are there problems thatnecessitate architectural solutions? Are there issues ofconcern (positive or negative, observed or perceived) to justify undertaking a project?

Project Description: Describe/define what the Project isall about.

Function(s): Statement of use of the Project.

Activities: The major activities that will lead to the spacerequirements of the Project.

Users‟ Description: Identity of the end users, target

number to be served and the catchment‟s area of theproposed Project.


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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: Based on the situationstated in, formulate the architectural problems. This is youranswer to the architectural concerns of the current Macro-environmental Situation (issues). This section shall be writtenin Declarative or Narrative form. Identify yourGENERAL/MAJOR PROBLEM (Thesis Project) and theSPECIFIC/MINOR PROBLEMS (Special features of the projectwhich include, in addition to the Research Focus, architecturalelements gathered from researches that will make your projectUNIQUE and totally YOUR OWN. NOTE: Summing up theanswers to all SPECIFIC/MINOR PROBLEMS will give a

complete development of the entire study.


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ARCHITECTURAL GOAL &

OBJECTIVES/STRATEGIES. Always remember thatyour statements in this section are ARCHITECTURAL incontent. Your GOAL is to formulate a UNIQUE, FEASIBLEand WORKABLE architectural solution to the prevailingissues. You are to describe the architectural problem asa HYPOTHESIS or question of interest to architects,

engineers and other managers that can be tested oranswered through the collection and analysis of data anddesign solution of the project. You set your OBJECTIVESto achieve your goal and to attain your objectives, youare to show the different approaches you are going touse. Objective must be S.M.A.R.T., Specific, Measurable,

Achievable, Realistic and Time bound. Approaches areyour STRATEGIES. For clarity, each objective shouldhave each own strategy.


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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES: This is acareful study of all available primary and secondary sources of dataand information pertaining to the area or problem underinvestigation. The survey of related literature involves thecomprehensive documentation of published and unpublishedmaterials relevant to the architectural problem. Review of RelatedLiterature will:

Familiarize the reader with previous studies done related to the presenttopic.

Serve as a source of research problems which can be reduced fromexisting studies.

Ensure that important variables relevant to the study are notoverlooked.

Establish the need/significance/justification in conducting presentstudy.

Provide historical background/perspectives about the study.

Serve as a basis for the development of the theoretical/conceptualframework.

Avoids the unnecessary duplication of selecting a research problemwhich had been done before.

Help to give more focus, direction, and clarity to the study.


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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES: This is acareful study of all available primary and secondary sources of dataand information pertaining to the area or problem underinvestigation. The survey of related literature involves thecomprehensive documentation of published and unpublishedmaterials relevant to the architectural problem. Review of RelatedLiterature will:

Familiarize the reader with previous studies done related to the presenttopic.

Serve as a source of research problems which can be reduced fromexisting studies.

Ensure that important variables relevant to the study are notoverlooked.

Establish the need/significance/justification in conducting presentstudy.

Provide historical background/perspectives about the study.

Serve as a basis for the development of the theoretical/conceptualframework.

Avoids the unnecessary duplication of selecting a research problemwhich had been done before.

Help to give more focus, direction, and clarity to the study.


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CHAPTER 2.0 ARCHITECTURAL

PROGRAMMING DATA

Site AnalysisMacro Site Analysis-Macro site analysis

gives considerations on the factors outside ofthe specific project site that will affect the

development strategies.

Micro Site Analysis

Micro site analysis is the study of the

environmental factors within or inside thespecific site. Completeness of micro site dataand analysis will give a clear picture ofdevelopment potentials and constraints of the

site.


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PROGRAMMING DATA

User AnalysisDemographic data of Expected Users

Statistical data of major users/clients/visitorsof the proposed facilities.

Laws/Ordinances (pertaining to the site)

Zoning regulations; related laws/ordinances(BPs, HLURB guidelines, etc.) as to setbacks,

open space requirements, floor area ration,height of building, parking space requirements.

Maximum building envelope as set bylaws/zoning ordinances.

Architectural character, etc.


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PROGRAMMING DATA

CASE STUDIES OF RELATED WORKS

In this part, you will present case studies of previousarchitectural studies, whether proposed or existing.This study will give your proponent (client) more

information about the project through investigation ofexisting structures or otherwise which are related tothe one being proposed. Critiquing is an importantaspect of this chapter. You should not be solelydependent on references found in textbooks. Actual

gathering of information from existing local structuresrelated to the thesis topic is highly advisable. Casestudies to be presented shall be composite of local andforeign cases preferably a set of two foreign and onelocal or two locals and one foreign. You are going tosearch for meanings or inspiration from the cases NOTnecessarily copying them.


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PROGRAMMING DATA

ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAMMING

This is the process of investigating, identifying anddocumenting the needs of the users for use in thedesign of the project. This will mean getting to knowthe users needs, facilities required to satisfy the needs:the functions that it will perform, space required,instruction both on land use and facilities, Spatial ordesign elements must be determined and itsidentification must be known according to what the

project requires.


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PROGRAMMING DATA

Bubble diagram

Matrix diagram

Schematic diagram

Space programming table


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CHAPTER 3.0 ARCHITECTURAL APPLICATION

Design Considerations and correspondingdesign solutions

Design Philosophy and Concepts It is recommended

that you present your philosophy and concept throughgraphical presentation, how the germ of idea startedand how it evolves to its final form. This approach willshow the stages of growth of the final design.

Design Goals and Objectives

Design StrategiesDesign Inspiration


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CHAPTER 4.0 SYNTHESIS CONCLUSION AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

BIBLIOGRAPHY


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SAMPLE

INTRODUCTION


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INTRODUCTIONBackground

Intermodal solutions allow people to effectivelynavigate major cities such as the Metro Manila andits major cities. Light-rail are especially effective,but expensive to build. As cities grow, change, andmorph, not every potential route can be served withlight-rail. Bus rapid transit is a cost effective way toduplicate some of the benefits of light-rail, at afraction of the capital expenditure. Buses, taxis, carsharing, bicycling, and walking are all parts of thesolution. For many, cars are their preferred way toget around, yet if all transportation were cars thencities would be frozen in gridlock.

High-speed rail integrates all these systemstogether and moves people from city to city at high-speed. When the distance is only a few hundredmiles, high-speed rail coupled with city transitbeats airplane and car every time.

INTRODUCTION


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INTRODUCTION

Background

Moreover many transit planners believe that suchcenters serve more than just transportation. Theyinclude well-designed buildings providing variouskinds of integrated services, such as restaurants,newsstands, small shops, and travel informationsystems. In parallel, the development of theintermodal concept typically pays much attention to

utilizing existing infrastructures, for instance, oldrailway stations or bus terminals which are normallylocated in central cities. Thus the use of a centrallylocated station or terminal supports the view that anintermodal transportation center not only forms anintegral part of the urban scene, but has thepotential for also becoming a tourist center. Thistrend has already begun in several cities in bothEurope and North America where existing railwaystations have been converted to intermodaltransportation centers

INTRODUCTION


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INTRODUCTION

Background

In Asian Countries, like Thailand, this concept hasalso been applied to the old railway structure andthe new underground system. The linkage of thesystems and the integration of station areas at theCentral Station or Hua Lum Phong and at BangsueJunction serve as two such examples. As pointed outby Floyd (1993) and Tolliver (1995), an intermodal

transportation center can be a new form ofstructure, a distinctive building, or a group ofbuildings at a single location which are intended tointroduce new methods and patterns in handling alarge number of people. Efficiency requires that thecenter is designed and constructed to incorporatethe latest technologies and innovations. Manycenters built in the late 20th century, for example,have very strong characteristics for combiningtechnology in building structures and systems witharchitectural and interior design shapes and forms.

INTRODUCTION


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INTRODUCTIONBackground

Metropolitan Manila continues to rapidly grow as amegacity, fuelled by in-migration of population and alarge natural growth rate. With most of Metro Manilaalready developed to high densities the increase inpopulation is causing rapid peri-urbanization of its outerareas. Manila is bounded to the east and west by theLaguna de Bay and Manila Bay, respectively.

Therefore, new development is constrained to either thenorth or south of the conurbation. LRT Line 1 was the firstlight rail scheme in Manila and runs north-south through itscentral area , along Taft and Rizal Avenues. This older area ofthe city is one of the most heavily developed with highdensities along most of the corridor. Massive urbanregeneration projects to restore Manila’s physicalinfrastructure and facilities have been undertaken by theCity Government, and are expected to be further pursued inthe medium-term to allow the city to regain itscompetitiveness. The southern coastal corridor of Manila, onthe other hand, continues to experience consistent growthand plans are in place for further reclamation of part ofManila Bay. This will further increase population andemployment in this area and exacerbate road congestion.The increase in population has led to severe congestion onan already overstretched road network leading to long andunpredictable journey times. Many of Manila’s major roadsexperience gridlock in the peak periods.

INTRODUCTION


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INTRODUCTION

Statement of the problem

INTEGRATION OF LIGHT ANDSTRUCTURE in an intermodal

concept of a light rail station.

INTRODUCTION


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INTRODUCTION

Goal of the Project

incorporate into the Plan anefficient and safe passenger rail

alignment to meet technical andpassenger needs as well as tointegrate LIGHT AND

STRUCTURE in an intermodalconcept of a light railstation.

INTRODUCTION


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INTRODUCTION

Objectives of the project

To develop architecturaldesign solution of an intermodal

LRT station integrating the lightand stucture.

Strategy:

INTRODUCTION


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INTRODUCTION

Review of Related literatureand Studies

1. Foreign context

Dubai/ London

Japan/Korea or any foreign country

2. Local Context

LRT 1,2,3

PNR (or any related topic)


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Case studies

The following case studies were chosen for its similarity inconcept with the problem. The effectivity of its design

will be assessed and recommendations will also besuggested.Foreign Case studiesDubai Metro

The Dubai Metro is a driverless, fully automated metro network in the United Arab Emirates city of Dubai. TheRed Line is partly operational, the Green Line is stillunder construction, and further lines are planned. Thesefirst two lines run underground in the city centre and onelevated viaducts elsewhere.All trains and stations areair conditioned with platform edge doors to make thispossible.The first section of the Red Line, covering 10 stations,was ceremonially inaugurated at 9:09:09 PM onSeptember 9 , 2009 , by Mohammed bin Rashid AlMaktoum , Ruler of Dubai, with the line opening to thepublic at 6 AM on September 10. The Dubai Metro is thefirst urban train network in the Arabian Peninsula. Morethan 110,000 people, which is nearly 10 per cent ofDubai’s population, used the Metro in its first two daysof operation.Once the 20 km Green line opens, the Dubai Metro willovertake the title of longest automated metro networkfrom the Vancouver Skytrain , surpassing it by 3 km

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_train_operationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_transithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viaductshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viaductshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platform_edge_doorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platform_edge_doorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Rashid_Al_Maktoumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Rashid_Al_Maktoumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Rashid_Al_Maktoumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Rashid_Al_Maktoumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SkyTrain_(Vancouver)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SkyTrain_(Vancouver)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SkyTrain_(Vancouver)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SkyTrain_(Vancouver)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Rashid_Al_Maktoumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Rashid_Al_Maktoumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platform_edge_doorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viaductshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_transithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_train_operation


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Case studies

The following case studies were chosen for its similarity inconcept with the problem. The effectivity of its design

will be assessed and recommendations will also besuggested.Foreign Case studiesDubai Metro

The Dubai Metro is a driverless, fully automated metro network in the United Arab Emirates city of Dubai. TheRed Line is partly operational, the Green Line is stillunder construction, and further lines are planned. Thesefirst two lines run underground in the city centre and onelevated viaducts elsewhere.All trains and stations areair conditioned with platform edge doors to make thispossible.The first section of the Red Line, covering 10 stations,was ceremonially inaugurated at 9:09:09 PM onSeptember 9 , 2009 , by Mohammed bin Rashid AlMaktoum , Ruler of Dubai, with the line opening to thepublic at 6 AM on September 10. The Dubai Metro is thefirst urban train network in the Arabian Peninsula. Morethan 110,000 people, which is nearly 10 per cent ofDubai’s population, used the Metro in its first two daysof operation.Once the 20 km Green line opens, the Dubai Metro willovertake the title of longest automated metro networkfrom the Vancouver Skytrain , surpassing it by 3 km

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_train_operationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_transithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viaductshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viaductshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platform_edge_doorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platform_edge_doorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Rashid_Al_Maktoumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Rashid_Al_Maktoumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Rashid_Al_Maktoumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Rashid_Al_Maktoumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SkyTrain_(Vancouver)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SkyTrain_(Vancouver)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SkyTrain_(Vancouver)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SkyTrain_(Vancouver)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_Peninsulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Rashid_Al_Maktoumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_bin_Rashid_Al_Maktoumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platform_edge_doorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viaductshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Line_(Dubai_Metro)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_transithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_train_operation


26/407/7/2014 Free tem late from www.brain bett .com 26


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7/7/2014 Free tem late from www.brain bett .com 27


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Design proposal


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Design proposal

INTEGRATION OF LIGHT ANDSTRUCTURE The structural expression of the

station helps achieve the internal circulation byallowing more natural light through the buildingto aid navigation. Obviously, many modernstations have similar features —framing, columnsand trusses. This has meaning in architecture

not only for aesthetic, but for practical reasonsas well. The manipulation of natural lightthrough transparent roofs and walls, blendingwith artificial light, could provide passengers theclarity of orientation in the building moreeffectively than internal signs only. The lines of

columns are also important to guide thepassengers to their preferred routes. Thesemight be noticeably seen in complex stationscontaining commercial areas whereas light andstructure are used to guide patrons from public

to private interests; for example ticket hall toshops or cafes.

p a orm eve o open agen rpor


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p a orm eve o open agen rporStation, Denmark.

Design proposal


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Design proposal

INTEGRATION OF LIGHT ANDSTRUCTURE The structural expression of the

station helps achieve the internal circulation byallowing more natural light through the buildingto aid navigation. Obviously, many modernstations have similar features —framing, columnsand trusses. This has meaning in architecture

not only for aesthetic, but for practical reasonsas well. The manipulation of natural lightthrough transparent roofs and walls, blendingwith artificial light, could provide passengers theclarity of orientation in the building moreeffectively than internal signs only. The lines of

columns are also important to guide thepassengers to their preferred routes. Thesemight be noticeably seen in complex stationscontaining commercial areas whereas light andstructure are used to guide patrons from public

to private interests; for example ticket hall toshops or cafes.

Design proposal


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Design proposal

ACCESS FOR DISABLED PEOPLEThe design of the station ought to meet barrier free

requirements throughout the facilities. Accessibilityis an issue that concerns everyone. Ross (2000)envisions that disabled people using railwaystations are not only people in wheelchairs, butthey include blind and partially sighted people,

deaf people and those with poor hearing, peoplewith learning disabilities, people with heavyluggage, people with young children, and elderlypeople. Impediments to access should not beconsidered only physically, but also psychologically.In addition to solving the problems of steps, curbs,stairs, long walkway, steep ramps, and narrowdoorways, some psychological impediments needsto be identified and relieved at the design stage.Examples include fear of crowded conditions,perceived unhelpfulness of staff, unreliable

provision of toilets, etc. Those demand attentionfrom both railwa o erators and desi ners.

Design proposal


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Design proposal

TRAVEL INFORMATION

Travel information systems are essential for anystation. Up to date and accurate information isalways required. It could be displayed in variousforms, for example posters, fixed signage, TVmonitors, dot matrix, and LCD. The use of them,

however, needs appropriate balance that dependson types and numbers of passengers at eachstation (Ross, 2000). In station complexes,information should be provided in appropriateforms, and it needs to give decision points which

allow efficient space for passengers to find theirways around the building. Certainly, the displaysmust be visible in all conditions.

Design proposal


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Design proposal

COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENTS Adopting the intermodal concept makes the station more

complex. More functions are integrated, and numbers ofpassengers are increased. The stations appear to be morethan people-processors, but can expedite people’s lifestyles.Similar to the design of airport terminals, the trend of thestation design is to take full advantage of the timepassengers wait around by providing facilities andentertainment. It is evident that many grand stations in the

United States, Great Britain, and Japan begin to look likeshopping districts that become tourist attractions. Manyurban functions are brought inside the stations. It gives theopportunity to bring together restaurants, retail outlets,cafes, offices, currency exchanges, banks, post offices, carrental companies, movie theaters, and so on. The historic

Union Station in Washington, D.C. is a good example of thisconcept. The 600,000 square foot space has been adaptivelyredesigned and renovated to become a major retail,entertainment, and transportation center (Kandee, 2001).

Conclusion


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Conclusion

Applying the intermodal concept in rail servicesheralds a number of developments , one of which is

the role of railway stations. The increasingnumbers of passengers has resulted in the needfor modern and rational designs of stations. Thefunctions of station design are broadened. Theform of the building becomes more complex. As a

result, conventional stations are gradually replacedby station complexes, which do not serve travelalone. They are not just places where trains stopto collect and deposit passengers, but they becomea gateway to and from communities.


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