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DAY. DATE:. CHAPTER 2 CELL AS THE BASIC UNIT OF LIVE Cell 1.The human body is made up of cell. The human body has 50 to 60 trillion cells. But you cannot see them. 2.You can only see them if you use a microscope. Have you see microscope?. DAY. DATE. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
CHAPTER 2
CELL AS THE BASIC UNIT OF LIVE
Cell
1.The human body is made up of cell. The human body has 50 to 60 trillion cells. But you cannot see them.
2.You can only see them if you use a microscope. Have you see microscope?
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HOW TO USE A MICROSCOPE
1.Put the microscope on a table with the arm toward you2.Turn the low power objective lens until you hear the “click” sound3. Make sure that the low power objective lens is above the hole in the stage4.Open the diaphragm to the maximum opening5. Look through the eyepiece , adjust the mirror until you see a bright6.Put a specimen slide over the hole of the stage. Fix the slide’s position with the clips7.Turn the coarse focus knob to lower the objective lens to about 10 mm above the slide8.Look through the eyepiece. Turn the coarse focus knob to move the objective lens upwards until you can see a clear image9.Turn the fine focus knob to get a sharp image
10. Turn the high power objective lens until you hear the click sound
LOOKING AT CHEEK CELL
Apparatus
Microscope, Glass slide, cover slip, methylene blue solution. Toothpick and needle.
Procedure
1.Put a drop of methylene blue solution on a glass slide (figure 2.4)
2.Scrape the inside of your cheek with toothpick (figure 2.5)
3. Add the scraping to the methylene on the glass slide (figure 2.6)
4.Put the cover slip at an angle of 45 to the glass slide (figure 2.7)
5.Lower the cover slip slowly to avoid getting air bubbles
6.Look at the slide with low power objective lens
i.What is general shape of cell?
ii. Does the shape of the cell change?
7.Use the high power objective lens . Look at the cell
i. Do the cell have the same structure?
ii.Draw the label the general structure of the cheek cell
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needle
Cover slip
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Cell membrane
nucleuscytoplasm
i. Chemical reactionsii. Stores foodiii. Waste products
i. Control all activity of cell
i. Control substances into or out of cell
An animal cell
ii. Thin layer
Plant cellApparatusMicroscope, glass slide, cover slip, iodine solution, onion, blade, forceps,needle, dropper.
Procedure
1. Cut a small section from the scale leaf of an onion (figure 2.9)2. Use the pair of forceps to pull out of inner epidermal layer 3. Spread out the inner epidermal layer carefully on a glass slide and add a drop iodine.4. Lower the cover slip on top of the epidermal layer using the needle 5. Look at the slide using microscope ,. Using the low power objective lens
i. What is the general shape of the onion cells?ii. Do the cell look like the cheek cells?
6. Look at the structure of the cells with the high power objective lens. Draw and label the structures
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Cell wall
Chloroplast
Cytoplasm
Vacuole
NucleusCell membrane
i. a thick layerii. Supports and gives regular shape
A plant cell
ii. Plant make food by photosynthesis
i. Contain chlorophyll to photosynthesis
FUNCTION OF THE CELL STRUCTURES
Protects and maintains the shape of the cell
Controls substances that enter and leave the cell
Controls all the activities of the cell
Stores salt and sugar solution, keeps the cell turgid
Stores food and waste products, chemical reactions take place
NUCLEUS
CELL MEMBRANE
CELL WALL
VACUOLE
CYTOPLASM
CHLOROPLAST Contains chlorophyll - to trap sunlight for photosynthesis
COMPARISON BETWEEN THE TWO CELLS
STRUCTURE PLANT CELL ANIMAL CELL
NUCLEUS
CYTOPLASM
CELL MEMBRANE
CHLOROPLAST
VACUOLE
CELL WALL
YES YES
NO
NO
NO
YESYES
YES
YES
YES
YES YES
TASK SHEET 1 (True/False)State whether the following statements
are true (T) or false (F)
1. The animal cell has a cell wall 2. Animal cells can make their own food3. The cell wall gives shape to the plant cell4. Both plant and animal cells have cells membrane 5. An animal cells have vacuole
F
F
T
T
F
UNICELLULAR AND MULTICELLULAR1. Amoeba , Paramecium, Euglena, yeast and Chlamydomonas are made up of
we call2. “Uni” means “one”3. Multicellular organisms are made up
5. The human body , Animals and most plant are also multicellular organisms
are very small organisms. You can see them with microscope
are example of multicellular microorganisms
AmoebaParamecium
Euglena yeast
Chlamydomonas
one cell andunicellular organisms
many cell.
6. MicroorganismsMost microorganisms are unicellularbut some microorganisms are multicellular
8. Hydra and spirogyra
DAY DATEORGANISATION OF CELL
The cell in the human body have different shape, size and functions.
Muscle cell
White blood cell
enable us to move
Kill the bacteria in the body
Red blood cells
Carry oxygen
Nerve cellsCarry impulse to body
sperm
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CellThe basic unit
TissueSame type of cells and work together
Organi.Made up of different tissue
ii.Work together to perform a function
System
i.Made up different organ
ii.Work together to perform a function
Organisms
i.Made up different system
ii.That work together
ORGANISATION OF CELL