Effects of Earthquakes

David Bellon

Mrs. Smith

5th hour

April 8, 2011

About Earthquakes

What is an earthquake?Shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth’s

surface

How are earthquakes measured?A device that converts ground movements into a signal that is

recorded and printed. This is called a seismograph

What does magnitude mean?The measurement of the Earthquakes sttrenght based on seismic

waves

How is magnitude measured?The moment-magnitude scale measures magnitude

Damage Caused by Earthquakes

•Can cause unstable objects to fall

•Dramatic ground movements can cause landslides

•Buildings can collapse

•Undersea Earthquakes can send tsunamis onto the land.

Waves

What are earthquake waves called?• Seismic waves

What two types of seismic waves are there?• P Waves, Primary Waves.• S Waves, Secondary Waves.

What two types of body waves are there?• When P and S Waves arrive at the surface, some of

them turn into Surface Waves

Body Waves

How do P waves travel?• P Waves compress and expand and can travel

through solids and liquids, these arrive at the surface first

How do S waves travel?• S Waves vibrate side to side and up and down and

can only travel through solids

Which move faster?• P Waves

Elastic Rebound

• States that Tectonic Plates move relative to each other

• Transform Boundary

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The Tohoku Earthquake

This quake occurred at :

Friday March 11, 2011 5:46 P.M.

This quake occurred Northeast of Honshu

The magnitude of this quake was9.0

Effects on the environment/earth

• Japans coastline may have shifted 4 meters

• Probably shifted the Earth’s axis by 6.5 inches

• Made the day shorter by 1.8 millionth of a second

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Effects on the People of Japan

• Many people died

• There is a need for food and water

• Need to find family QuickTime™ and a decompressor

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Effects on the Economy of Japan

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GPS Sensors

• One interesting fact about this earthquake is that it moved several GPS sensors. This will require …(Type answer here)

• How does elastic rebound explain this movement?

Type your answer here.

Tsunamis• What is a tsunami?Type your answer here. You can erase the question.

• How do tsunami waves appear at sea?Type your answer here. You can erase the question.

• How high can tsunami waves be?Type your answer here. You can erase the question.

• How fast can tsunami waves move?Type your answer here. You can erase the question.

Websites Used

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