UNIVERSITY OF MAKATIGRADUATE STUDIES DEPARTMENT

DEM 331Current Trends, Issues, Reforms and Innovations in Education

by:

IRMA E. SAN PEDRO

4 PILLARS OF EDUCATION

Point of Discussion

Does the Philippine System of education

adhere to these principles to reshape

the education?

Philippine Education…

ISSUES

National Achievement Test, SY 2005-2010

The graph shows that many students who finished basic education do not possess sufficient mastery of basic competencies

TIMMS 2003

Students’ performance in TIMMS is as dismal

Cohort Survival Rate

This shows that of the 100 students who enrolled in Gr. I, only 65 students reached First Year HS and 46 of which graduated HS graduates, only 20 reached college level and 16 earned college degrees

Employability of the Graduates

This states that there is a mismatch between graduates skills and job demands.

Philippine Education…

CHALLENGE

ISSUES AND CHALLENGESVertical and Lateral Articulation of Curricula from

Basic Education to Higher Education: A Pioneering Effort for Global Competitiveness

Global Competitiveness

is the existence of competition among diverse organizations that serve global customers.

An index of the competitiveness of the countries in the world is compiled every year by the World Economic Forum.

The Assumption

– A focus on global competitiveness in our educational institution must start from BASIC EDUCATION.

Basis of the assumption:– Global competitiveness starts at the

tertiary level- Instant transformation

– Underlying Assumption:– Students must be able to develop a

personalized lateral correlations of knowledge and experience provided by educational institution

On becomingglobally competitive

• Quality of Education: – Planned/structured curriculum

• Internal Efficiency: – Educational Output

• Strong System of Governance: – Sense of Responsibility and Accountability

• Great Educational Investments:– Educational Inputs

• Quality of Teachers: – Teacher Induction Program

Education Policy

HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL ALIGNMENT WITHIN AN EDUCATION SYSTEM

(Based on Webb, 1997b)

Assessment System

Content Standards

Student Achievement

Classroom Instruction

Horizontal and Vertical Articulation of Curricula

Horizontal Alignment Horizontal alignment is the degree to

which an assessment matches the corresponding content standards for a subject area at a particular grade level. Assessments must match the breadth and depth of the standards to be considered strongly aligned.

(Porter, 2002; Webb, 1997a; Webb, 1997b)

Horizontal and Vertical Articulation of Curricula

Reasons for ensuring horizontal alignment. When strongly aligned, standards and

assessments bring clarity to the education system by providing a coherent set of expectations for students and educators.

The assessments concretely represent the standards, providing a target upon which teachers can focus their instruction and students can focus their studies.

Using classroom instruction that follows the standards, teachers can effectively prepare their students for the accountability assessments.

Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliate(s). All rights reserved.

Horizontal and Vertical Articulation of Curricula

Reasons for ensuring horizontal alignment. aligned, standards and assessments bring

clarity to the education system by providing a coherent set of expectations for students and educators. The assessments concretely represent the standards, providing a target upon which teachers can focus their instruction and students can focus their studies.

-Using classroom instruction that follows the standards, teachers can effectively prepare their students for the accountability assessments.

Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliate(s). All rights reserved.

Horizontal and Vertical Articulation of Curricula Reasons for ensuring horizontal alignment

Alignment to the standards also ensures that the assessment is a trustworthy source of data.

A study of an assessment’s degree of alignment to the standards can serve as evidence of validity. A valid assessment produces data that can be interpreted as demonstrating a student’s achievement in the subject area which the assessment covers

Alignment can also increase an assessment’s reliability, the capability of producing consistent measurements of student achievement.

(AERA, APA, and NCME, 1999; Ananda, 2003; Impara, 2001;

Resnick, Rothman, Slattery, and Vranek, 2003; Webb, 1997b).

Horizontal and Vertical Articulation of Curricula

Vertical Alignment. Vertical alignment is the alignment of different

parts of an entire education system. Curricula, textbook content opinions of stakeholders, classroom instruction student achievement outcomes

It can occur at broad or specific levels of an education system. When standards based accountability tests are established, teachers plan classroom instruction in a way that follows the standards

(Porter, 2002; Webb, 1997b).

Horizontal and Vertical Articulation of Curricula

The standards and assessments themselves must be vertically aligned with one another so that they reflect the logical, consistent order for teaching the content in a subject area from one grade level to the next.

Horizontal and Vertical Articulation of Curricula

The accountability assessment results provide feedback about the strength of the education system. This data can be used by policymakers to evaluate the different levels of the education system and to make changes for improvement accordingly.

These changes bring the education system into closer alignment so that its parts function in parallel toward their common goal. Ultimately, rigorous standards serve as the main force for the vertical alignment of an education system (Ananda, 2003; Anderson, 2002; Porter, 2002;

Philippine Education….

TREND/REFORM

The K-12 Graduate

Components of K-12 Curriculum

Nelson Mandela

“Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.” 

Pres. Benigno S. Aquino III

“Naninindigan pa rin po tayo sa ipinangako nating pagbabago sa edukasyon: ang gawin itong sentral na estratehiya sa pamumuhunan sa pinakamahalaga nating yaman: ang mamamayang Pilipino. Sa K to 12, tiwala tayong mabibigyang-lakas si Juan dela Cruz upang mapaunlad—hindi lamang ang kanyang sarili at pamilya—kundi maging ang buong bansa.”

My Question?

DO YOU WANT TO CHANGE THE WORLD?

My Answer:

CHANGE THE PHILIPPINES….

Reshape the

Philippine Educational System.Thank you!

IESP