cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei presentation (v5)

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Labour Market Information: An Opportunity for Educators? Scott Meis, Special Advisor Educators Partners Meeting 10 th Annual Tourism HR Forum 14-16 November, 2011 Charlottetown, P.E.I

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Page 1: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Labour Market Information: An Opportunity for Educators?

Scott Meis, Special Advisor

Educators Partners Meeting 10th Annual Tourism HR Forum

14-16 November, 2011Charlottetown, P.E.I

Page 2: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Outline

Labour Market Information -- Concepts & specifications

Historical perspective -- Development of LMI data

CTHRCs work on LMI – what, why, & how

What have we learned?

Trends and developments of LMI collection

Ideas for educational applications?

Other partnership possibilities?

Page 3: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Labour Market Information: Concept & Specifications

Page 4: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Tourism Labour Market Information (LMI)

Knowledge, facts, data and relevant information on the supply and demand of the various different types of labour services (employment)

related to tourism Includes quantities of forms and flows of labour Also prices & non-monetary compensation At detailed and aggregate levels; Used for labour market analysis and decision making

Source: Drummond Report, 2009.

Page 5: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Tourism Labour Market Information (LMI)

Information concerning static conditions or dynamics of the labour market

May be statistical or narrative May be related to historical, current or projected circumstances Particular types include data on employment and unemployment, job vacancies, Employee and employer characteristics Compensation Market entries and departures

Source: Drummond Report, 2009

Page 6: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Tourism Labour Market Information (LMI): Supply Side

Availability of workers by region, occupation, industry and firm Hours supplied Skill and education level of workers that comprise human capital Characteristics of workers -- age, sex, disabilities, group (visible minorities,

aboriginal status), immigrant status Demographic projections of the labour force -- new entries, retirees, immigrants

and emigrants Graduates from educational institutions and training programs; Investments in human capital

Source: Drummond Report, 2009.

Page 7: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Tourism Labour Market Information (LMI) : Demand Side

Employment by region, occupation, industry and firm Hours demanded Skill and education and credential requirements of jobs Job vacancies or unfilled jobs (also by region, occupation, industry and firm) Occupational projections

Source: Drummond Report, 2009.

Page 8: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Tourism Labour Market Information (LMI): Prices/Compensation Wages Salaries Earnings Wage settlements Total compensation including fringe benefits e.g. time off, pension plans, various forms of insurance Working conditions considered part of total compensation

Source: Drummond Report, 2009.

Page 9: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Tourism Labour Market Information (LMI): Categories of Information Macro data

Quantitative statistical data on specific labour markets, micro survey data Examples: Labour Force Survey, Survey of employment, pay and hours of work, Census,

Micro information Non-statistical narrative information pertaining to specific jobs Serves the labour exchange function between employers & employees Examples: social media, rumors

Cross-cutting or classificatory information Examples: NAICS, NOCS, ISIC

Source: Drummond Report, 2009

Page 10: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Canadian Tourism Labour MarketSector

CouncilsCTHRC

Provinces/TerritoriesFederal/Provincial Partnerships

Private Sector

Not-for-Profit Sector Industry & Labour

Associations / Org.s

(TIAC, HAC, etc.)

Government of CanadaHRSDC; Service Canada;Statistics Canada; CIC; IC

Unemployed

Students

Employers

Intermediaries(e.g. Career Councillors)

Program / Policy Makers

Education / Training Institutions(e.g.

Universities, colleges, secondary schools, private training providers)

Immigrants

Workers

TLMI Governance & Key Players

Equity groups

Retirees

Adapted from Advisory Panel on Labour Market Information, 2009

Page 11: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Historical Perspective

Page 12: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

History of Advances and International Events

Canadian National Task Force on Tourism Data (1986-87)

Canadian Tourism Satellite Account feasibility study (1987)

IRTS (WTO-OECD_UN,1993) -- no coverage of E&L

First prototype TSA (Canada,1994)

TSA:RMF (UNSC-UNWTO-OECD-EUROSTAT, 2000)

TSA:RMF (UN-UNWTO-OECD-EUROSTAT, 2001)

TSA Human Resource Module – Conceptual

Framework (OECD, 2001)

Page 13: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

History of Advances and International Events (Cont`d) First prototype TSA HRM (Canada, 2006)

IRTS (2008) Update & added employment chapter

TSA:RMF (2008) further specification of employment

ILO Compendium of Statistics on Employment Wages and

Hours of Work in Tourism Industries (2008)

ILO/WTO joint employment statistics projects (2008-2012)

WTO First International Conference on Tourism

Employment Statistics (Bali, Indonesia, 2009)

ILO Case Studies – Indonesia, Brazil, New Zealand, Canada

Page 14: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Tourism Employment & LMI:Past Measurement Issues Tourism -- by definition --a special form of demand (both

personal and business consumption) Past measures of tourism phenomena = tourism consumer

demand – volumes, values, & characteristics Pre Tourism Satellite Account (TSA), it was impossible to

identify in national industry statistics Some individual tourism social activities, Fragments of economic activity & industry activity No comprehensive view a “synthetic” tourism sector

Source: Chernyshev and Meis, 2011

Page 15: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Tourism Employment & LMI:Past Measurement Issues (cont’d) Supply-side of measures tourism production were almost non-

existent or at best, dispersed, partial and fragmented Impossible to conceive of, or estimate, an aggregate comparable

measure of employment in tourism industries : Number of jobs in tourism industries comparable with other industries Comparable with overall economy. Characteristics of persons working in tourism jobs

Even today, <50% of countries have statistical tools for a comprehensive supply-side view of tourism

Most have no comprehensive measures of tourism employment A few have fragmentary measures of jobs in some tourism

related industriesSource: ILO, 2008

Page 16: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

UN-WTO says tourism is: “the activities of persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes”

Basic Tourism Concept:Ottawa Recommendations (1991)

Source: Kostovo, 2006

Page 17: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Local Resident

Domestic Visitors

Intl.

Tourist

Three Visitors plus One Local Resident

Page 18: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)
Page 19: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)
Page 20: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)
Page 21: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Why a Satellite Account?

The Canadian vision of the first TSA (CTSA) -- a new statistical instrument to provide a comprehensive view of tourism economic activity in monetary terms

To establish the relative importance of component tourism activities to overall tourism and to other activities in the national economy

Employment and labour analysis were key parts of the envisaged original outputs to aid to decisions relating to manpower development, planning and awareness, education and training

Source: Chernyshev and Meis, 2011

Page 22: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

The “Keystone” for TLMI Extension of the System of National Accounts (SNA)

– hence the term “satellite” Subject-matter specific

Other examples: o Non-profit Institutions & Volunteeringo Pensionso Research and Developmento Environment

Compiles 10 tables – revealing economic transactions recorded in SNA on economic consumption by tourists visitors

Source: Kostovo, 2006

What is a Satellite Account?

Page 23: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Source: Statistics Canada • Statistique Canada23

TSA IntegratedData System

Recreationsurveys

Canadian TourismSatellite Account

Survey of Household Spending

Travel Survey of Resident

Canadians

InternationalTravel Survey

Demand surveys

Input-Output Tables

Travel Arrangement

Services survey

Food and beverage

Survey

Accommodation survey

Transportation surveys

Supply surveys System ofNational

EconomicAccounts

Other supply surveys(including goods)

Balance of Payments

Page 24: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Tourism commodity (passenger air transportation, hotel accommodation, restaurant meals, etc.) -- a tourism commodity if a significant part of its demand in Canada comes directly from visitors

Tourism industry - a tourism industry if tourism commodities make up a significant part of its output

Key TSA Concepts

Source: Kostovo, 2006

Page 25: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

27 Tourism Industries, 5 Groups

Accommodations• 7211 Traveller accommodation• 7212 RV (Recreational Vehicle) Parks and Recreational Camps

Food & Beverage Services• 7221 Full-service restaurants• 7222 Limited-service eating places• 7224 Drinking places (alcoholic beverages)

Recreation & Entertainment• 5121 Motion pictures and video industries• 7111 Performing arts companies• 7112 Spectator sports• 7115 Independent artists, writers and performers• 7121 Heritage institutions• 7131 Amusement parks and arcades• 7132 Gambling industries• 7139 Other amusement and recreation industries

Transportation• 4811 Scheduled air transportation• 4812 Non-scheduled air transportation• 4821 Rail transportation• 4831 Deep sea, coastal and great lakes water transportation• 4832 In-land water transportation• 4851 Urban transportation systems• 4852 Interurban and rural bus transportation• 4853 Taxi and limo service• 4854 School and employee bus transportation• 4855 Charter bus industry• 4859 Other transit and ground passenger transportation• 4871 Scenic and sightseeing transportation, land• 4872 Scenic and sightseeing transportation, water• 4879 Scenic and sightseeing transportation, other• 5321 Automotive equipment rental and leasing

Travel Services• 5615 Travel arrangement and reservation services

Based on North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)

Page 26: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Tourism Demand Vs. Local Resident DemandTravel Services

Over 90% of demand comes from tourism / 10% localAccommodation

66% of demand comes from tourism / 34% local demand• Local Gala’s • Prom’s / Graduations (Room Rentals, Food, Drinks)• Weddings (mix of local residents and visitors)

Food and Beverage Services Only 17% of demand comes from tourism / 83% local Red Lobster/Cheesy Pizza/Subway/Tosca

04/07/23

Page 27: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Tourism supply

Tourism demand

Tourism GDP

Tourism employment (jobs attributable to tourism demand)

Key TSA measures

Source: Kostovo, 2006

Page 28: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Tourism Sector Scope Tourism revenue/demand = spending on goods and services in

tourism industries

Total revenues for the sector come from a combination of tourism and non-tourism (local) consumers …total spending $179 billion (2010)

Total tourism spending / revenues $74.2 billion (2010)

$18.8 billion in tourism exports to international visitors (2010), one the top ten exports

$59.4 billion, (80%) from domestic market (2010)

Tourism Gross Domestic Product – $29.7 billion (2010),

1.95% of Total GDP (2010)… down from 2.3% in 1998!

Page 29: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Gross Domestic Product at Basic price, Tourism and Selected Industries in Canada, 2000

$-

$10,000

$20,000

$30,000

$40,000

$50,000

$60,000

$70,000

Agriculture,forestry, fishing

and hunting

Mining,oil and gasextraction

Retail trade Health CareServices (exceptHospitals) And

Social Assistance

Hospitals Tourism Motor Vehiclemanufacturing

Mill

ion

s o

f cu

rren

t d

olla

rsTourism Output: Other Industry Comparisons

Page 30: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Statistics Canada • Statistique Canada 30

Economic contribution of tourism variesacross provinces & territories

Tourism's contribution to GDP, by province/territory, 1998

2.3

3.0

2.6

1.92.1 2.1

2.3

1.8

2.3

3.4

4.4

2.1

-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

Newfo

undla

nd

Prince

Edw

ard

Islan

d

Nova

Scotia

New B

runs

wick

Quebe

c

Ontar

io

Man

itoba

Saska

tchew

an

Alberta

British

Colu

mbia

Yukon

North

west T

errit

ories

& N

unav

ut

Per

cen

t

Canada 2.3%

Page 31: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

CTSA Benefits: Pioneering Vision and Demonstration Prototype

Vision and specification of a standard methodological approach for measuring tourism related industries – both characteristic & connected

Proof of technical feasibility and utility

The endorsement and adoption of a common Canadian concept and definition of a synthetic tourism sector

Source: Chernyshev and Meis, 2011

Page 32: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

TSA Benefits: Keystone to the Canadian Tourism Macroeconomic Statistics System

Page 33: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

TSA Limitation: Employment Data

Discovery: very limited human resource dimension in the CTSA

CTSA only carries the number of jobs and labour income directly attributable to tourism demand

No direct information on job attributes, the employers, and the employees

Source: Chernyshev and Meis, 2011

Page 34: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

The Standard: TSA Recommended Methodological Framework (TSA:RMF) In 2000, a new joint standard The Tourism Satellite Account:

Recommended Methodological Framework (TSA:RMF 2000) -- approved by the United Nations Statistics Commission

Released jointly by UN/UNWTO/OECD/EC in 2001 Final TSA in TSA:RMF (2001) focused primarily on the core

account -- key monetary aspects of tourism vs. overall economy.

TSA specifies ten tables of predominantly economic data which measure domestic and international consumption (in cash and in kind); value added of the tourism industries; tourism value added; and, tourism GDP.

Source: Chernyshev and Meis, 2011

Page 35: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

TSA:RMF(2000): Benefits

Specification of a standard methodological approach for measuring tourism related industries – both characteristic & connected

The endorsement and adoption of a common concept and definition of the synthetic tourism sector

Source: Chernyshev and Meis, 2011

Page 36: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

TSA:RMF Benefits – 1st International Measures of Tourism Employment

Table 7 covers employment in the tourism industries:

Measurements: number of jobs; hours of work; and full-time equivalent jobs

Broken down by: Status of employment Twelve characteristic industry/activity groups

Source: Chernyshev and Meis, 2011

Page 37: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

International Recommendations on Tourism Statistics (IRTS) 2008 Update 2008 updated TSA:RMF adds a new Chapter 7 "Employment in the

Tourism Industries", Chapter 7 included in revised & updated IRTS (2008) Objectives

Help countries measure quantitative and qualitative aspects of tourism employment

Understand employment impacts of the tourism economy Complement the limited Table 7 employment

First “general statistical perspective” description of concepts, definitions, categories and indicators of employment in the tourism industries

Source: Chernyshev and Meis, 2011

Page 38: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

CTHRC / Canada`s Work on LMI: What, Why & How

Page 39: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Initial Development Trajectory of Tourism Labour Other

Apps!

Statistics Tools Phase 3

Phase 1

Phase 2

Phase 4

Page 40: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Canadian CTHRC Advances

CTHRC Demographic profiles (mid-1990s, 2010) Canadian TSA-HRM R&D (1997-2002); Updates (2004-10) CTHRC Tourism Labour Supply-Demand Models (2006-10) - JH Return on Training Investment Calculator (2006-2008) - JH Tourism compensation studies (2008, 2010) – JH Monthly tourism unemployment estimates (2009-11) Tourism labour productivity research sub-program (2009-11) Work Place Matters, panel survey on labour issues (2010-11) Total Employment extensions to National Tourism

Indicators (2011-12)

Page 41: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Demographic Profiles of Tourism Employees Uses TSA:HRM conceptual framework plus data from the 2006 Census Provides more detail than the TSA:HRM including:

38 occupations Gender Age Work Patterns Place of Birth Mother Tongue Equity Groups School Attendance Education Level

Page 42: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Canada – Estimating Employment, Labour and Work Characteristics in Tourism Industries

The Canadian Human Resource Module (TSA:HRM) of the Tourism Satellite Account

Provides statistics on three main human resource dimensions: jobs, hours of work and income earnings (detailed by labour income, annual wages/salaries, weekly wages/salaries, hourly wages/salaries)

Results apply to tourism sector, as a whole, and for each characteristic tourism activity/industry group and each occupational group

Timely regular benchmark data updates available annually six months after the close of the reference period.

Latest update (2010) includes time series data on trends in employment, hours worked and employment earnings from 1997 to 2009

Page 43: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Human Resource Module of the Tourism Satellite Account

The HRM provides a snapshot of employment of tourism industries, arranged & compiled into five industry groups

Also , by major occupational groups , such as cooks, accommodation manager, room attendant, etc.

Strategic tool for national labour planning & training development & issue analysis

Reveals evolution of labour & occupational Structure of tourism employment linked to TSA

Consistent with vision of OECD TSA-HRM manual (2001) Pioneering R&D by Statistics Canada for CTHRC (1997-2002)

Page 44: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Estimating Labour and Work Characteristics of Employment in Tourism Industries -- TSA:HRM

Four main sources of data underlie the compilations...

1) Population Census data2) Labour Productivity Accounts data in the System of

National Accounts3) Labour Force Survey (LFS) data4) Survey of Employment Payroll and Hours (SEPH) data

Research spinoffs: Tourism labour profiling, trend analysis, forecasting, & labour productivity analysis

Page 45: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Labour Market Information: What Have We Learned?

Page 46: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

What is a Tourism Job?

Total jobs in all industries (T)(t) jobs in tourism industries (A) not attributable to tourism demand (i.e. industries that directly serve visitors)

(a) jobs in tourism industries (A) attributable to tourism demand (i.e. industries that directly serve visitors)

(b) jobs in non-tourism industries (B) attributable to tourism demand (i.e. industries that directly serve visitors)

(T)

(A)

(a)

(B)

Total jobs in tourism industries (A)(i.e. industries that directly serve visitors, including non-visitor)

Total Jobs attributable to tourism demand (B)(i.e in tourism industries & non-tourism industries)

(b)

(t)

HRM Supply-Side (A)

HRM Tourism Demand-Side(a)

(a)

Page 47: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Key Insights: Total TI Jobs, Employee-jobs & Persons Employed

1.9 million total jobs (2006)

held in tourism industries

11% of the 168 million jobs in the

economy (Census tabs)

1.7 million employee jobs in tourism

industries (minus self-employed) (2006)

617,300 tourism employment jobs

– attributable to tourism demand in 2010

1.66 million individual persons worked

in the sector,

10.3% of all persons employed, one in ten

members of the labour force

Page 48: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

2009 Key Results

1.6 million jobs in tourism industries Down 0.6% in 2009 Also down 1.7% in 2005 Compared with a 2.0% decline in tourism revenues Less than the 1.7% decline in jobs in the overall economy Net loss of 10,000 jobs in tourism industries in 2009 Net result of 12,000 full-time jobs that disappeared and 2000 part-time jobs created

Page 49: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Industries: Three industries dominate the tourism job market: - food & beverages - rec. & entertainment - accommodation F&B accounts for more than half of the jobs (53%) Rec. & entertainment next at 17% Accommodations next for a further a 14%

Other Key Results Chart 1: Distribution of jobs in tourism industries, 2009

Food and beverage services

53%

Travel services3%

Transportation13%

Accommodation14%

Recreation and entertainment

17%

Page 50: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Tourism Occupations A collection of jobs, sufficiently similar in work performed to be

grouped under a common title Identified and grouped primarily in terms of the work

performed, as determined by tasks, duties, & responsibilities of the occupation

Factors include: processes used, equipment used, degree of responsibility, complexity of work, skill levels required & services provided

Within the sector, we identify 37 distinct occupations, of importance plus general groupings

Some straddle 2 or more industry groups, e.g. cooks/chefs in F&B, Accommodations and Rec. & Ent.

400 occupational categories found within tourism sector, less that 50 are significant**

Page 51: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Top five include: - food- counter attendants - kitchen helpers & related occupations- food & beverage server- cooks - restaurant and food service managers- cashiers

Occupations

Main occupations by industry group, Canada 2009

Five occupation groups dominate employee jobs

48% of all employee jobs

Page 52: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Other Key Results: Employee Profiles

Job Share by age group by industry group

Findings: Youth aged 15 to 24 --a major source of labour Holding 594,000 employee jobs, or 4 of 10 employee jobs Three out of four young workers employed in F&B industries Most common occupations: food counter attendants, kitchen helpers, etc. Most common occupation among older workers -- cook

HRM provides information on selected employee characteristics: - gender - age - immigrant status

Page 53: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Demographic Profiles of Tourism Sector Employees -- The people found in the jobs!

More women than men (52% vs. 48%) – opposite of economy

1/3 were age 15-24 (vs. 15% in overall economy)

Tourism workers more likely to have a mother tongue other than English or French

One-quarter were born outside of Canada

Almost half of foreign-born workers employed in tourism are found in Ontario

Page 54: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Tourism Employment by Province

Almost 60% of tourism employees are found in 2 provinces: Ontario and Quebec

Page 55: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Profiles of Special Populations: Disabled Persons

Make up 1 in 10 tourism workers, less than 12% share in overall workforce

Transportation industry group had the largest proportion of disabled workers

Women with a disability were more likely than men to work in tourism

One half of tourism workers with a disability were 45 & older Four in ten workers with disabilities were employed in one

province

Page 56: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Seasonality of Tourism Employment

Tourism employs more people in seasonal positions (52%) than in the economy overall (38%)

Other key economic sectors - agriculture, fishing, manufacturing, farming, logging, construction - all face more significant seasonal employment fluctuations than tourism

Part-time jobs are prevalent in tourism, but six in ten (60%) tourism jobs in 2009 were full-time

Offers mature workers, people with disabilities, and youth flexibility they need

Of tourism workers under the age of 25, 71% were pursuing secondary or post-secondary education

Page 57: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Weekly hours of work and % of part-time jobs by industry, 2007

0

10

20

30

40

Acc

om

mo

dat

ion

Air

tran

spo

rtat

ion

Oth

ertr

ansp

ort

atio

nF

oo

d a

nd

bev

erag

ese

rvic

esR

ecre

atio

n a

nd

ente

rtai

nm

ent

Tra

vel a

gen

tse

rvic

es

To

tal t

oru

ism

ind

ust

ries

Ho

urs

per

wee

k

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

Hours per week % part-time jobs

Insights on Part-time Work & Total Hours by Industry Group

Page 58: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Indicators of Social Inequities in Tourism Work

Annual hours of work of men working full-time in Accommodation by

immigrant status and age group, 2007

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

15-24 25-34 35-44 45+

Age group

Ho

urs

per

yea

r

Immigrant

Non-immigrant

Average wage for full-time server jobs held by women in Accommodation and Food and Beverage Services,

1997-2007

-

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

14.00

1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

$ p

er h

ou

r

Accommodation Food and beverage services

Page 59: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Share of self-employment jobs by industry, 2007

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Acc

om

mo

dat

ion

Air

tran

spo

rtat

ion

Oth

ertr

ansp

ort

atio

n

Fo

od

an

db

ever

age

Rec

reat

ion

an

den

tert

ain

men

t

Tra

vel a

gen

tse

rvic

es

To

tal t

ou

rism

ind

ust

ries

Self-employed

Employees

Average work week by industry 2007

0

10

20

30

40

50

Acc

om

mo

dat

ion

Air

tran

spo

rtat

ion

Oth

ertr

ansp

ort

atio

n

Fo

od

an

db

ever

age

Rec

reat

ion

an

den

tert

ain

men

t

Tra

vel a

gen

tse

rvic

es

To

tal t

ou

rism

ind

ust

ries

Ho

urs

per

wee

k

Self-employed

Employees

Insights on Self-Employed Work In Tourism

Page 60: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Timely Recent Results: Employment LagsFalling in Tourism Demand!

September, 2011, Statistics Canada released National Tourism Indicators, Q2, 2011 Labour Highlights:

Tourism jobs (attributable to V demand) increased 0.8% YOY Q2 results show 2nd consecutive quarterly gain Tourism demand accounts for 600,700 jobs in Canada in Q2 Led by job growth in accommodation & food & beverages in industry group Highest growth rate in all industries in Canada in Q2, 2011

 Source: Statistics Canada, National Tourism Indicators, Second Quarter, 2011. September 2011. Catalogue no. 13-009-X.

Page 61: Cthrc hr forum educators meeting charlottetowne pei  presentation (v5)

Timely Recent Results: TI Unemployment Rates -- Falling (Sept., 2011)

In September tourism sector unemployment rate (seasonally unadjusted) -- 5.9% 0.9% lower than the rate reported in September 2010. Canadian economy overall –September rate -- 7.1% Lowest rate recorded since December 2008 Within tourism industries, unemployment rates decreased in

accommodations, food and beverage services, and transportation industries

Unemployment in travel services remained stable

(August, 2010)

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Future Labour Gap Analyses

Growing imbalance/gap inj tourism labour supply and demand Temporary labour surplus 24,776 jobs in 2010 (now extended

to 2014) Potential labour shortage of 160,000 by 2025 (down from

219,000) 8% of labour demand

Source: CTHRC’s Tourism Labour Supply/Demand Projections Model, 2010

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LMI Collection: Current Trends and Developments

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Global Activities: Post-2008 WTO-ILO Partnership Goals: to promote and extend the international statistical standard

for tourism statistics Actions -- research and development of ...

An implementation programme Compilation guidelines Related database

Implementation programme will consist of: Supporting training materials, Workshops and technical assistance

Source: ILO, 2008

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Global Initiatives: Meeting the Need for Data on Persons Employed in Tourism One objective of IRTS 2008 Chapter 7 – produce

comprehensive data on persons employed in tourism industries

Idea -- meet the challenge of moving from the macro-economic side of employment to its human or individual significance

SHOW OTHERS HOW TO DO WHAT CANADA HAS DONE! move beyond data on jobs, FTEs and labour income to:

the number of persons employed in tourism-characteristic jobs; the working conditions of persons engaged in tourism-characteristic activities -

their hours of work; their wages and salaries; their occupation, education, and other personal characteristics; their employment status in terms of whether they are salaried or self-employed

workers, etc. ``Decent Work`` Indicators

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Global Initiatives: Meeting the Need for Data on Persons Employed in Tourism

ILO & UNWTO currently implementing a Joint Project on the Measurement of Employment and Decent Work in the Tourism Industries.

Canada assisting by outlining its procedures for producing data on persons employed in the tourism industries

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Other National Pioneering Research & Developments: Austria – another prototype Human Resource Module

development

New Zealand – data and research on labour productivity of SMEs

Indonesia – conceptualizing performance indicators of ``Decent Work`` in tourism industries

Brazil: New data on informal employment in tourism industries Integrated Information System on the Labour Market of the Tourism

Sector – SIMT),

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How Educators Could Use LMI Assets

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LMI to support current curricula and course plans

LMI to inform students’ career planning -- e.g. career profiles, career paths, compensation information?

LMI to inform education program development and review (e.g. labour supply/demand, demographic profiles)

Resources for students’ & professors’ research projects (e.g. productivity, career paths, impacts of new technologies on work, attraction, retention)

LMI – An Asset for Educators?

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Information inputs to core learning outcomes:

Industry knowledge -- descriptions of tourism sector, subsectors, industries, commodities, products, occupations, provincial and local specifics

Policy, Strategic Planning, & Issues -- roles of government, impacts of policy, impacts on society, labour and skills shortages...

LMI – Curriculum /Course Applications?

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Information inputs to core learning outcomes:

Tourism Analysis & Research Methods – collecting, analyzing, evaluation data on TLMI

Human Resources/Human Resources Management -- descriptions of occupations, labour force characteristics by industry and occupation, career paths, compensation information and issues

LMI – Curriculum /Course Applications?

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Other Potential Partnerships?

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Cooperation on Current and Future Research Problems? Workplace Matters Bi-monthly industry panel survey on

current issues Understanding drivers of improved labour productivity Defining and specifying Characteristic Tourism Occupations Developing labour supply-side measures of attraction and

retention Measuring career trends Developing measures and Indicators of “Decent Work” (DWI)

– Destroying the McJobs Myth!

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Review

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To Review Tourism LMI, employment and labour statistics related to

tourism have long received relatively little methodological attention and thus remained adequately measured and insufficiently studied

Presentation reviewed previous impediments and recent solutions to closing the information gaps

Emerging international statistical recommendations, standards and guidelines -- one part of the solution

Leading edge national development and implementation initiatives, such as CTHRC’s’ in Canada and others - second part of solution

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To Review

Many New CTHRC Research LMI Products/Tools: The Human Resource Module of the Tourism Satellite Account Demographic Profiles of Tourism Employees National Tourism Indicators Monthly tourism unemployment figures Tourism Compensation Studies Return on Training Investment Calculator The Future of Tourism Sector: Labour Supply and Demand Workplace Matters Employers’ Opinions Panel

Many New CTHRC LMI Assets & Insights

04/07/23

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Review

Despite availability, appears there is little educators use of w tourism LMI assets

Opportunities seem to exist for integrating TLMI into… Curriculum & course content Student and professors research projects Tourism & hospitality career counseling

Uptake and application needed to transfer and transform new data to information and knowledge – to change the future culture of tourism!

What potential exists to partner with educational organizations in further R&D, dissemination & application of TLMI?

04/07/23

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Acknowledgements

Sector Council Program of Human Resources and Skills Development Canada

Jennifer Hendry, Director, Research, Canadian Tourism Human Reosurce Council

Calum, MaDonald, Canadian Tourism Human Resource Council DChris Jackson, Assistant Director, Research & Development Projects &

Analysis Section, Income & Expenditure Accounts, Statistics Canada

Greg Hermus, Canadian Tourism Research Institute, Conference Board of Canada

Igor Chernyshev, Statistics Division, International Labour Organization

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Thank you for your interest & attention!

Are there any questions?

[email protected]

Thank You

Canadian Tourism Human Resource Council │www.cthrc.ca │613 231 6949