crime and prevention

Applied GCE Unit 1Applied GCE Unit 1

Life in the Information AgeLife in the Information Age

Learning OutcomesLearning Outcomes

Lesson 11

By the end of the lesson, you should:

understand the impact on crime prevention and legislation

see the effect that technology has

recognise the advantages and disadvantages of ICT within crime prevention and legislation

Crime and crime preventionCrime and crime prevention

ICT has had a major impactICT has had a major impact

Types of crimes committed:Types of crimes committed:– Bank robbery done by electronic hacking Bank robbery done by electronic hacking

rather than safe crackingrather than safe cracking– Virus threatsVirus threats– Internet and email fraudsInternet and email frauds

Crime has also become more globalCrime has also become more global

Crime prevention agencies have to try Crime prevention agencies have to try and respond on a global leveland respond on a global level

Lesson 11

Learning outcomes: Understand the impact on crime and legislation; effect of technology; advantages and disadvantages

Crime and crime preventionCrime and crime prevention

Police force has seen ICT as a major Police force has seen ICT as a major driving force to improve methods and driving force to improve methods and efficiencyefficiency

ICT affects the job of every police officer:ICT affects the job of every police officer:– Word processed reportsWord processed reports– Digital radio communicationDigital radio communication– Crime databasesCrime databases– Biometric databasesBiometric databases– Network and geographical analysisNetwork and geographical analysis– Digital video and CCTVDigital video and CCTV– Forensic analysisForensic analysis Lesson 11


Criminal Records BureauCriminal Records Bureau

At last the UK has a central database of At last the UK has a central database of offendersoffenders

Now possible to check records to see if Now possible to check records to see if there is a history of convictionsthere is a history of convictions

Teachers and people who work with Teachers and people who work with young children – mandatory checksyoung children – mandatory checks

Lesson 11


CCTVCCTV

UK has the greatest density of CCTV UK has the greatest density of CCTV cameras in the worldcameras in the world

Seems that people are accepting in order Seems that people are accepting in order to gain reassurance about crime to gain reassurance about crime prevention and detectionprevention and detection

Privacy issues – what are pictures used Privacy issues – what are pictures used for?for?

Lesson 11


ID cards and passportsID cards and passports

Many countries insist that citizens carry ID cardsMany countries insist that citizens carry ID cards

Big issue in the UK at the momentBig issue in the UK at the moment

Often carry biometric data as well as usual Often carry biometric data as well as usual details of name and addressdetails of name and address

However, criminals can develop IT capabilities However, criminals can develop IT capabilities just as easily as the law enforcement agencies just as easily as the law enforcement agencies

Lesson 11


Internet crimeInternet crime

Identity theftIdentity theft– 80% of household bins contained documents 80% of household bins contained documents

that could be used to forge an identitythat could be used to forge an identity– Should shred or burn!Should shred or burn!– Spam emails sometimes contain viruses Spam emails sometimes contain viruses

which detect key strokeswhich detect key strokes

PhishingPhishing– Emails asking for personal detailsEmails asking for personal details– Banks Banks nevernever do this – don’t be taken in do this – don’t be taken in

Lesson 11


BenefitsBenefits

Administrative duties completed more Administrative duties completed more quicklyquickly

Tools available to help track down criminalsTools available to help track down criminals

Communication improvedCommunication improved

Evidence collection, tracking, analysis and Evidence collection, tracking, analysis and availability improvedavailability improved

Amount of data availableAmount of data available Lesson 11


Drawbacks?Drawbacks?

No ‘bobby on the beat’No ‘bobby on the beat’

Local police officer in the local Local police officer in the local communitycommunity

Large amount of data – but is there a Large amount of data – but is there a significant impact on detecting and significant impact on detecting and reducing crime overall?reducing crime overall?

Lesson 11


Civil rightsCivil rights

Contentious area in the debate about the Contentious area in the debate about the impact of ICTimpact of ICT

More data, and more technology, then More data, and more technology, then more likely that rights to privacy and civil more likely that rights to privacy and civil rights are compromisedrights are compromised

Computers make the collection, copying Computers make the collection, copying and transmitting of data very convenientand transmitting of data very convenient

Lesson 11


Civil rightsCivil rights

Governments maintain that data needs to be Governments maintain that data needs to be stored to help better understand the needs of stored to help better understand the needs of the population, or to help fight terrorism and the population, or to help fight terrorism and other evilsother evils

Government departments exchange data – Government departments exchange data – more important that data is accuratemore important that data is accurate

People concerned that personal data kept for People concerned that personal data kept for more sinister reasons, or is not accuratemore sinister reasons, or is not accurate

Will people in the future think that we are Will people in the future think that we are paranoid, or not careful enough?paranoid, or not careful enough? Lesson 11


LegislationLegislation

Information Age has brought with it the need for Information Age has brought with it the need for its own set of laws to regulate, monitor and its own set of laws to regulate, monitor and controlcontrol

In the UK:In the UK:– Health and Safety at Work Act (1974), as amendedHealth and Safety at Work Act (1974), as amended– Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment)

Regulations (1992)Regulations (1992)– Data Protection Act (1984), as amendedData Protection Act (1984), as amended– Copyright, Designs and Patents Act (1988)Copyright, Designs and Patents Act (1988)– Computer Misuse Act (1990)Computer Misuse Act (1990)– Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act (2000)Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act (2000)– Freedom of Information Act (2005)Freedom of Information Act (2005)

Lesson 11


crime and prevention

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