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HSC Core 1:Health Priorities in Australia

Priority Areas for improving health

• There are 7 national health priority areas for Australia

• They contribute significantly to the burden of illness in the community.

• We can identify the risk factors and determinants, and modify behaviours to reduce the prevalence of these illnesses or conditions.

Cardiovascular

Disease• One of the leading

causes of sickness and death (36% of deaths in 2004).

• Males more likely then females to die from CVD.

• Can modify risk factors to reduce risk of CVD.

Nature of CVD

CVD is a general terms covering all

diseases of the heart and circulatory system.

Extent of CVD

Risk Factors

•Family History

•Gende

r

• Advancing Age

Modifiable Risk Factors

• Smoking

• Overweight or Obesity Conditions

• Physical inactivity

Groups at risk

Tobacco Smokers

Family History

Hypertension Sufferers

Poor nutrition

Ageing Population

Males

SES groups

Nature of Cancer

• Refers to a diverse group of diseases with a common feature- uncontrollable growth and spread of abnormal body cells.

Extent of Cancer

Risk Factors• Lung Cancer:

- Smoking

- Occupation

- Air Pollution

Groups at risk: Lung Cancer

Occupational hazards (environme

nt)

Over the age of 50

Cigarette Smokers

‘Blue Collar’ occupations

Risk Factors• Breast Cancer:- Family History- Poor Diet- Obesity

Groups at risk: Breast Cancer

Women who have

never given birth

Obese Women

Women over 50

Family History

Risk Factors• Skin Cancer:- Fair skin that burns- To much sun exposure- Number and types of

moles

Groups at Risk

People in low

latitudes

People with fair

skin

People with

outdoor occupatio

n

People who don’t

use protection

Injury

• It affects all age groups• Places high burden on

economic, social and physical aspects on both individual and the community.

• It is preventable and is a major cause to Australia’s mortality and morbidity rates.

Extent of Injury

Risk Factors

Competing objective

Complacency of

impunity

Lack of judgementOverload

Social and psychological problems

Social groups

Mental Health

• Previously peoples level of health and wellbeing was underestimated

• Its not until recently that the stigma of mental health has been removed which has allowed for improvement in these areas.

Extent of Mental Health

Risk Factors: Suicide

Depression

Mental Illness

Physical illness

Marginalisation of some

groups

Social isolation

Groups at risk: Suicide

People with

depression

Elderly

Alcoholics

Previous suicide

attempts

Young gay or lesbian

people

Diabetes

• A conditional affecting the body’s ability to take glucose from the bloodstream to use it for energy. We need this to perform everyday activities.

Extent of Diabetes

Risk Factors: Type 2 Diabetes

45 years old with

HBP

45 years old and

overweight

45 years old and

over

Family History

Groups at risk

Being over 35 and being an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander.

Being over 35 and having a Pacific island, Indian or Chinese cultured background.

Asthma

• Is a chronic disease of the respiratory systems.

• It affects a person’s ability to carry air in and out of the lungs. The walls of the airways become narrow, making it hard to breath

Extent of Asthma

Risk Factors

Colds and Flu

Risk Factors

Tobacco Smoke

Risk Factors

Inhaled allergens such as pollens, animal hair, dust mites

Risk Factors

Air Pollution

Risk Factors

Food preservatives

Risk Factors

Exercise

Arthritis and Musculoskel

etal conditions

• Refers to a number of conditions that affect the joints of the body.

• It affects a large number of Australians

Extent of Arthritis

Risk Factors

Age

GenderObesity

Repetitive use of a joint

Priority

Areas

CVD

Cancer

Mental Health

Asthma

Arthritis

Injury

Diabetes

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