concept mapping in the classroom david w. dillard m.a.i.n. itv consortium
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Concept Mapping in Concept Mapping in the Classroomthe Classroom
David W. DillardDavid W. Dillard
M.A.I.N. ITV M.A.I.N. ITV ConsortiumConsortium
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Objectives• Definition• Purpose/Use in the classroom• Basic Concepts• Types of Graphic Organizers• The process
–An example• Tips and Suggestions• Software and resources
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Visual OrganizersMappingGraphic OrganizersWebbingConcept Mapping
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What is visual learning?
Learning to think. Learning to learn. These are the essential skills for student success. Research in both educational theory and cognitive psychology tells us that visual learning is among the very best methods for teaching students of all ages how to think, and how to learn.
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What is visual learning? Visual learning techniques -
graphical ways of working with ideas and presenting information - teach students to clarify their thinking, and to process, organize and prioritize new information. Visual diagrams reveal patterns, interrelationships and interdependencies. They also stimulate creative thinking.
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Concept mapping is a type of structured conceptualization which can be used by groups to develop a conceptual framework which can guide evaluation or planning. (Trochim, 2003)
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Concept mapping is a technique that allows you to understand the relationships between ideas by creating a visual map of the connections.
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Concept maps offer a method to represent information visually. There are a variety of such maps. Concept maps harness the power of our vision to understand complex information "at-a-glance." The primary function of the brain is to interpret incoming information to make meaning. It is easier for the brain to make meaning when information is presented in visual formats. This is why a picture is worth a thousand words.
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Sample
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Visual learning techniques help students:Visual learning techniques help students: Clarify thinking. Students see how ideas
are connected and realize how information can be grouped or organized. With visual learning, new concepts are more thoroughly and easily understood.
Reinforce understanding. Students recreate, in their own words, what they've learned. This helps them absorb and internalize new information, giving them ownership of their ideas.
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Visual learning techniques help students:Visual learning techniques help students: Integrate new knowledge. Diagrams
updated throughout a lesson prompt students to build upon prior knowledge and internalize new information. By reviewing diagrams created previously, students see how facts and ideas fit together.
Identify misconceptions. Just as a concept map or web shows what students know, misdirected links or wrong connections reveal what they don't understand.
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Problem solvingDecision makingProjectsWritingInvestigative Learning
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WebbingConcept mappingMatrix
Venn DiagramsComparisonMatrix
Flow Chart
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Develop an understanding of a body of knowledge
Explore new information and relationships
Access prior knowledge Gather new knowledge and information Share knowledge and information
generated Design structures or processes Writing,
web pages, presentations, constructions
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Practical applications in your courses: Handy way to take notes during lecture. Excellent aids to group brainstorming. Planning your studies and career. Providing graphics for your presentations
and term papers A way to outline your term papers and
presentations. Refine your creative and critical thinking.
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1. Preparation (define the problem)
2. Generation of statements
3. Structuring of statements
4. Representation of statements in the form of a map
5. Interpretation of maps
6. Utilization of maps
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Gather the materials to create your map (paper & pencil) or computer & software
Have research materials (do research prior to making map)
Select one concept map format
Making first map – focus on the central question
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Map MakingShapes (different shapes for different types of information)Colors
For effectFor differentiation (old-new, fact-thought)
ArrowsWords - linksTitles
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Don’t worry about organization during initial construction
Spelling and style do not count
Free-association of ideas
Keep ideas simple
Write or sketch in any order
Develop all ideas
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Revise your map – good maps are like good writing – several draftsRevise oftenRemove concepts/ideas that do not belongNow spelling countsClearNeatnessLogicalAttractive
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http://www.inspiration.com/home.cfm
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http://www.inspiration.com/prodev/index.cfm?fuseaction=insprec
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http://www.inspiration.com/standards/state_detail.cfm?fuseaction=Missouri
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Missouri State Standards
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http://teachers.teach-nology.com/web_tools/graphic_org/
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http://teachers.teach-nology.com/web_tools/graphic_org/
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http://graphic.org/
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•Missouri – The State and its Resources
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•How do we raise MAP scores?