computer basics(1) (2)
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Computer BasicsTechnology Literacy
HardwareSoftware
Operating Systems
Introduction to Computers
Help us perform tasks efficiently and quickly
Are used in almost every field/industry
Made of various parts› Input devices› Output devices› Processing devices› Storage devices
Computer Basics Hardware
› “Refers to all the physical components connected to a computer” (microsoft.com)
Hardware
Input Devices Mouse Keyboard Microphone Scanner Webcam Stylus Digital Camera
Output Devices Monitor Printer Speakers Headphones Projector
Hardware
Processing Devices CPU Memory Motherboard Video Card Network Interface
Card Sound Card
Storage Devices Hard Drive Floppy Disk CD-ROM DVD-ROM Jump Drive
HardwareCPU (Central Processing
Unit) This is the brain of
your computer. It interprets and runs
the commands you give the computer.
A processor these days can have several "cores," each of which is similar to an independent processor.
Hardware Memory
RAM (Random access
memory) › Main memory› Temporary› Only available when
computer is on
Where information is stored and retrieved by the CPU.ROM
(Read only memory)› Permanent› Used to store
commands› Remains even when
computer is off
HardwareMotherboard
A large circuit board inside a computer
Connects input, output and processing devices and tells the CPU how to run.
Hardware Video Card
Used to process graphics
Because most of today's programs are graphically oriented, the video card can help almost any program run more efficiently.
Hardware Network Interface Card
(NIC) Hardware that allows a
computer to be connected to other computers (a network) so information can be exchanged between them.
Hardware Sound Card
Converts audio signals to digital signals that can be stored as a audio file.
Converts audio signals to electrical signals to play through speakers or headphones.
Hardware Optical Drive (CD/DVD/BR) An input and output
device that can receive and burn data.
Hardware Hard Drive
Main storage device on a computer
Stores the operating system, the programs and all of your documents.
When your computer powers down, the data on a hard drive remains intact.
Hardware Portable Storage
CD-ROM› Commonly stores
music or pictures DVD-ROM
› Can store more data than a CD-ROM
› Commonly stores movies and videos
USB Flash Drive› “Jump drive”› Various sizes (4GB,
8GB, 16GB)› Stores files,
pictures, videos, etc.
Computer Basics Software
› A collection of computer programs and related data that provide the instructions for telling a computer what to do and how to do it.
SoftwareSystem Software
Provides the basic functions for computer usage and helps run the computer hardware and system. › Device drivers› Operating systems› Servers› Utilities› Window systems
SoftwareProgramming Software
Provides tools to assist a programmer in writing computer programs, and software using different programming languages in a more convenient way. › Compilers› Debuggers› Interpreters› Linkers› Text Editors
SoftwareApplication Software
Developed to aid in any task that benefits from computation. It is a broad category, and encompasses software of many kinds, including:› Business Software (QuickBooks, etc.)› Databases› Spreadsheets› Video Games› Productivity Programs (Word,
PowerPoint, Excel, etc.)
SoftwareOperating System
The most important software on the computer.
Every computer must have an operating system to run other programs.
Controls and manages the hardware connected to the computer.
Helps organize and manage files and folders.
SoftwareOperating Systems
Open (free) Ubuntu Linux
Closed ($$$) Windows 10 Windows 8 Windows 7 ***** Windows XP Windows Vista Snow Leopard
Software: Operating Systems
Windows 7 Desktop
DESKTOP- Icons, Wallpaper, Task Bar, System Tray
START MENU TASK BAR SYSTEM TRAY
Operating Systems: Windows 7
Windows 7 Start Button (Menu)
Recently used programs
Files, Settings & Features
Expand All ProgramsShut down, Log Off
Operating Systems: Windows 7
All Programs
Expanded list of programs
Operating Systems: Windows 7
Click Control Panel
Operating Systems: Windows 7
Control Panel
Operating Systems: Windows 7
My Computer
Operating Systems: Windows 7
My Computer