class vith _computer_introduction to computer_geeta chaudhary_8.aug

8/3/2019 Class Vith _computer_introduction to Computer_geeta Chaudhary_8.Aug

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INTRODUCTION TO

COMPUTER



The word “COMPUTER” originates from the word

“COMPUTE” which means to calculate. Earlier

computer was considered to be a calculatingdevice, which can perform arithmetic operations

at enormous speed.

Process the data and make you available

information but also able to perform the

subsequent steps on basis of processed

informations. This function makes the computer

something more than a data processing device,

i.e. it is an automatic electronic machine or

device which accepts raw information as an inputand reveals useful information as output or it

processes according to a list of instructions

and gives tVerdanahe output.



Computer can performs a

variety of jobs which are mentioned as under:

1. Speedy and accurate calculations

2. Storage of information3. Retrieval of information4. Combining information

5. Sorting information6. Processing of information



Computer is a small machine which has a mixtureof various characteristics. The following are thecharacteristics which computers possess:

1. Speed: A computer is a very fast device. It canperform in few seconds, the amount of work thata human being can do in an entire year. The speedof a computer measure in microseconds(10-6),

nanoseconds(10-9) and picoseconds (10-12). Apowerful computer is capable of performingseveral billion arithmetic operation per second.

CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER:



2. Accuracy: Computer is very accurate device. The

accuracy of a computer is principle high. The degree of accuracy of a particular computer depends upon it’s design.

Computer done very calculation with same accuracy. Errorscan occur in a computer, However, these problem are mainlydue to human rather than technological weaknesses.

3. Automatic(Automation): A machine is no soonerthan done to be automatic if it, works by itself withouthuman intervention. Computer are automatic machines,because one started on a job, they carry on, until the job is

finished, without any human assistance. However, computerbeing machines can not start them selves. They cannot goout find their own problems and solutions. They have to beinstructed.



4. Diligence: Computer has unlike human beings. A

computer is free from dullness and lack of concentration. It can

continuously work for hours withoutcreating any error human beings in doing regular types of jobs,which requires great accuracy. Computer can perform thenumber of calculation with exactly the same accuracy andspeed as the first one.

5. Versatility: Versatility is a most important characteristic

of computer. It means the capacity to perform completelydifferent type of work. You may use your computer to prepare

payroll slips. Next moment you may use it for inventorymanagement or to prepare electric bills. A computer is capableof performing almost any task, if the task can be reduced toseries of logical steps



6. Memory(Power of Remembering): Computer has a brain, but unlike human beings. A computer

can store data and information. And recalled as long as yourequire it, for any numbers of years. Because of it’ssecondary storage capability. A data and information can beretrieved as long as desired by the user and can be recalled,as when required. The information recalled would be as

accurate as on the day when it was fed to the computer.

7. No. I.Q.(Intelligence Quotient) : A computer

is not a magical device. It is no intelligence of it’s own. Usercan determine, what tasks will the computer perform. So acomputer cannot take its own decision as you can.



8. No Feelings:

Computer has no feelings.They have no emotions, because they aremachine. Computer is not like human heart andsoul. Computer cannot make such judgments on

their own. Their judgment is based on theinstructions given to them in the from of programs, that are written by us.



Modern computers are electronic and digital. Thesedigital computers are broadly classified into thefollowing four categories depending upon theirperformance, size and cost.

Microcomputers

Minicomputers

Mainframes Super Computers

Classification of computer:



These are low cost small size computers. Thesehave been named as micro computers onaccount of their employing microprocessor. Theyrepresent a typically single-user systems,

meaning that a microcomputer can be used byonly one user at a time. The personal computers(PC) that you are using in your computer lab aremicrocomputers. These are named personalbecause they can be used by any person for hispersonal use.

Microcomputers :



Minicomputers perform better, are larger insize and cost more than microcomputers.They also possess larger storagecapacitiesand are faster in speed. Normally, they aredesigned to support more than one user at atime. That is why these may also be used as

Server in LAN. Minicomputers, thus amultiuser computer, can support ten tohundreds of users simultaneously.

Minicomputers:



Mainframe computers are more powerfuland faster than minicomputers. They have

a quite larger storage capacity and areable to support many hundreds of userssimultaneously. Their real values lies in

their processing power to handle largedata base systems i.e. handling therecords of thousands of employees

working in a organization.

Mainframes:



Where microcomputers lie at the lowest end of the computerrange, the super computers stand at the highiest end of computer range. They are most powerful, fastest and mostexpensive machines and thus can be afforded only by the rareorganization working on the national level. These computershave remarkable performance as billions of calculations maybe performed by them in a second. Some of the arears inwhich super computers are being used may be mentioned as

sophisticated scientific and biomedical researches, weatherforecasting, designing of the sophisticated machines andwarfare equipments etc.

Super Computers:



Made By:

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class vith _computer_introduction to computer_geeta chaudhary_8.aug

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