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Class Name, Instructor Name. Date, Semester. Criminology 2011. Chapter 6. BIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS. CHAPTER OBJECTIVES. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Class Name,Instructor Name
Date, Semester
Criminology 2011
Chapter 6BIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
Be familiar with the various biological explanations of crime and deviance, including phrenology, atavism,
biological inferiority, body shapes, heredity and genetics, neurochemical mechanisms, diet and nutrition, and pregnancy/birth complications.
Be able to critique the biological explanations that are discussed in the text, including the current stance of
biological research in reference to race and criminality.
Be familiar with the various psychological explanations of crime and deviance, including
psychoanalytic explanations, and the relationships between crime and moral development, intelligence,
and personality.
Be able to critique the psychological explanations that are discussed in the text.
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
6.0
Do you think there is a biological component to criminal behavior?
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Be familiar with the various biological explanations of crime and deviance, including phrenology, atavism, biological inferiority, body shapes, heredity and genetics, neurochemical mechanisms, diet and nutrition, and pregnancy/birth complications.
Learning ObjectivesAfter this lecture, you should be able to complete the following Learning Outcomes
6.1
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
6.1
Phrenology
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6.1
Cesare Lombroso: Atavism
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6.1
Biological Inferiority
Biological Inferiority
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6.1
Ectomorph Mesomorph Endomorph
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© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
IncreasedAggressio
n
Increased Testostero
ne
6.1
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
6.1
Behavioral Genetics
Criminal Behavior
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6.1
Chemical Imbalances
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Be able to critique the biological explanations that are discussed in the text, including the current stance of biological research in reference to race and criminality.
Learning ObjectivesAfter this lecture, you should be able to complete the following Learning Outcomes
6.2
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
6.2Evaluations
Crime is too Diverse
Methodological Problems
Cannot Account for Group Rate Differences
Social Policy Implications
Justification for Appalling
Acts
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Be familiar with the various psychological explanations of crime and deviance, including psychoanalytic explanations, and the relationships between crime and moral development, intelligence, and personality.
Learning ObjectivesAfter this lecture, you should be able to complete the following Learning Outcomes
6.3
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
SuperegoBased on the
Ethical Principle
EgoBased on the
Reality Principle
IDBased on the
Pleasure Principle
6.3
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Stage 1 (Obedience and Punishment Driven)
Stage 2 (Self-Interest Driven)
Stage 3 (Interpersonal Accord and Conformity Driven)
Stage 5 (Social Contract Driven)
Stage 4 (Authority and Social Order Obedience Driven)
Stage 6 (Universal Ethical Principles Driven)
Level 1 Preconventional
Level 2 Conventional
Level 3 Post-Conventional
6.3
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Poor School Performanc
e
Lower Self-
EsteemLower
Ability for Moral
Reasoning
Less Ability to
Appreciate Consequence
6.3
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
6.3Personality
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
Be able to critique the psychological explanations that are discussed in the text.
Learning ObjectivesAfter this lecture, you should be able to complete the following Learning Outcomes
6.4
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
6.4Evaluations
Fill in Smaller Picture of
Crime
Often Use Small Samples
—Results Should Be
Interpreted Cautiously
Generally Disregard Structural
Factors
Causal Order Is Often Unclear
Rarely Study White-Collar
Offenders
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
© 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, IncUpper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
be familiar with the various biological explanations of crime and deviance, including phrenology, atavism,
biological inferiority, body shapes, heredity and genetics, neurochemical mechanisms, diet and nutrition, and pregnancy/birth complications.
Be able to critique the biological explanations that are discussed in the text, including the current stance of
biological research in reference to race and criminality.
Be familiar with the various psychological explanations of crime and deviance, including
psychoanalytic explanations, and the relationships between crime and moral development, intelligence,
personality, and early puberty.
Be able to critique the psychological explanations that are discussed in the text.
CHAPTER SUMMARY