citectscada networks

8/13/2019 CitectSCADA Networks

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Citect Pty Ltd

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Gordon NSW 2072

Australia

www.citect.com

Version5.5

CitectSC D Networks


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Someproductnamesusedinthismanualareusedforidentificationpurposesonlyandmaybetrademarksoftheirrespectivecompanies.

October2003EditionforCitectSCADAVersion5.5

ManualRevision1.0

CitectSCADANetworks 2


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IntroductiontoNetworks

Forlargeapplications,youcanaddaLANtotheCitectHMI/SCADAsystem,oruseanexistingLANsupportedbyCitectHMI/SCADA.

YoucanuseNetBEUI,IPX/SPX,TCP/IP,andothernetworkprotocolswithCitectHMI/SCADA.

CitectHMI/SCADAalsosupportsallprotocolscompatiblewithNetBIOS,forexample,NovellNetware,LANManager(withWindows3.1,WindowsforWorkgroups,andWindowsNT),andvariousothernetworkoperatingsystems.CitectHMI/SCADAcanusemultipleprotocolsatthesametime.

CitectHMI/SCADAsupports'ScalableArchitecture',permittingyoutoinitiallyimplementCitectHMI/SCADAonasinglecomputer,oroverasmallnetwork,andthenexpandthesystematalaterstage(tosuitbudget,developmentpath,etc),withouttheneedtoreplaceexistinghardware,software,orsystemconfiguration.

UsingCitectHMI/SCADAonaLANaddsmoreflexibilitytothesystem,andcoordinationwithinlargeplantscanbemoreeasilyachieved.Youcancontrolandmonitorautonomousareaswithintheplantseparately,andinterrogatethewholeplantusinganyCitectHMI/SCADAcomputeronthe

networkifyouwish.

ALANcanalsobeusedto:

Distributetheprocessingloadforlargesystems.SeeUsingDistributedProcessing.

Provideredundancy.SeeBuildingRedundancyIntoYourSystem.

Thefollowingillustrationprovidesanexampleof3CitectHMI/SCADADisplayClients(with1alsoperformingasaCitectHMI/SCADAI/OServer)connectedtoacommonexistingLAN(whichhasanon-CitectHMI/SCADAFileServer).

Display

Client

LAN

Display

Client

File

Server

Display Client

Server /

ToI/O Devices

EachruntimeCitectHMI/SCADAmachineisaDisplayClientoftheCitectHMI/SCADAsystem.YoucandistributeDisplayClientsthroughoutyourplant,tocontrolandmonitorindividualregions(orareas),andthroughoutyouroffices,toprovidehigh-levelinformationtotheappropriatepersonnelinyourorganisation.Youcanconnectasmanyas256DisplayClientstoaCitectHMI/SCADAsystem.

EachCitectHMI/SCADADisplayClientPCconnectedtoanI/ODevicemustalsobesetupasaCitectHMI/SCADAI/OServer.OneormoreCitectHMI/SCADADisplayClientscanalsobeconfiguredtobeaCitectHMI/SCADAServer,usedtoprocessalarms,reports,ortrends.



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SettingupaNetwork

Toset-upaLocalAreaNetwork(LAN)forCitectHMI/SCADA,youmusthavesuccessfullyinstalledall(non-CitectHMI/SCADA)networkhardwareandsoftwareinstrictaccordancewiththeinstructionsprovidedbythemanufacturerasappropriate,andyoushouldalsobequitefamiliarwiththebasicoperationofthenetwork.

YoumustinstalltheCitectHMI/SCADAsoftwareoneveryPCmachineyouwishtouseasaCitectHMI/SCADAdesign-timedevelopmentmachine,runtimeCitectHMI/SCADADisplayClient,CitectHMI/SCADAI/OServer,andCitectHMI/SCADAAlarm,Report,orTrendServer.

Youmustalsoset-upCitectHMI/SCADAforyournetwork,usingtheComputerSet-upWizardoneachandeveryoneoftheafore-mentionedmachines.

ItispossibletoconfigureyourCitectHMI/SCADAsystemforusewithWideAreaNetworks(WANs).Fordetails,seeConfiguringCitectHMI/SCADAtocommunicateoveraWAN.

To start the Citect Computer Setup Wizard:1. SelecttheCitectExplorer.

(orpressthisbutton)

2. Intheprojectlistarea,selectMy Projects-designatedbyacomputericon.3. DoubleclicktheCompute SetupWizard

icon.r

-or-

3. FromtheToolsmenuselectComputer Setup.NOTE: SeetheComputerSetupFlowDiagramformoredetailsonExpressandCustomSet-up

selections.

To set-up CitectHMI/SCADA for your network:1. RuntheComputerSetupWizard.

2. SelectCustom Setup,andclickNext.3. Onthe'ComputerRoleSetup'page,selecttheappropriate'NetworkComputer'option.

4. Followthepromptsgivenbythewizard.Ifthecomputeristobeusedasaserver,selecttheappropriateservertype(Alarms,Reports,Trends)whenthepageforthatservertypedisplays.

5. Onthe'Alarms,Reports,andTrendsServerSetup'page,enteranappropriatenameforthis

serveronthenetwork.Thisisthenamethatothermachinesonthenetworkwillbeconfiguredtoconnectwith.

6. Onthe'NetworkSetup'page,entertheNetworkComputerNameforthismachine.(TheNetworkcomputernamecanbeviewedinthe'NetworkProperties'taboftheWindowsSystemPropertiesdialog.Right-clicktheMyComputerIconandselectProperties.)

7. ContinuetotheendofthewizardandpresstheFinishbutton,tosavethesettings.NOTE: SeetheComputerSetupFlowDiagramformoredetailsonExpressandCustomSet-up

selections.

To set-up a CitectHMI/SCADA Display Client:1. RuntheComputerSetupWizard.



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2. SelectExpress Setup(youcanruninCustommodeifdesired),andclickNext.3. Onthe'ComputerRoleSetup'page,selecttheappropriate'DisplayClient'option.

4. Followtheprompts,continuetotheendofthewizard,andpresstheFinishbutton,tosavethesettings.

NOTE: SeetheComputerSetupFlowDiagramformoredetailsonExpressandCustomSet-upselections.

To set-up an I/O Server:1. RuntheComputerSetupWizard.

2. SelectExpress Setup(youcanruninCustommodeifdesired),andclickNext.3. Onthe'ComputerRoleSetup'page,selecttheappropriate'Server'option,andclickNext.4. Onthe'I/OServerSetup'page,selectThis computer is an I/O Server.5. SelectanappropriateI/OServer,andclickNext.6. Followthepromptsgivenbythewizard.IfthecomputeristobeusedasanAlarm,Report,or

Trendserver,selecttheappropriateservertypewhenthepageforthatservertypedisplays.

7. Iftheserveristobeanetworkserver,the'Alarms,Reports,andTrendsServerSetup'pagewilldisplay.Enteranappropriatenameforthisserveronthenetwork.Thisisthenamethatothermachinesonthenetworkwillbeconfiguredtoconnectwith.


selections.

To set-up an Alarms Server:1. RuntheComputerSetupWizard.

2. SelectCustom Setup,andclickNext.3. Onthe'ComputerRoleSetup'page,selecttheappropriate'Server'option,andclickNext.4. Followthepromptsgivenbythewizard.IfthecomputeristobeusedasanAlarm,Report,or


5. Onthe'AlarmsSetup-Advanced'page,enterappropriatevaluestoconfigurethebehaviouroftheAlarmServer.ClickHelponthewizarddialogforoptiondetails.

6. Iftheserveristobeanetworkserver,the'Alarms,Reports,andTrendsServerSetup'pagewilldisplay.Enteranappropriatenameforthisserveronthenetwork.Thisisthenamethatother

machinesonthenetworkwillbeconfiguredtoconnectwith.7. ContinuetotheendofthewizardandpresstheFinishbutton,tosavethesettings.NOTE: SeetheComputerSetupFlowDiagramformoredetailsonExpressandCustomSet-up

selections.

Toset-upaTrendsServer:

1. RuntheComputerSetupWizard.




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5. Onthe'TrendsSetup-Advanced'page,clickHelponthewizarddialogforoptiondetails.6. Iftheserveristobeanetworkserver,the'Alarms,Reports,andTrendsServerSetup'pagewill

display.Enteranappropriatenameforthisserveronthenetwork.Thisisthenamethatothermachinesonthenetworkwillbeconfiguredtoconnectwith.


selections.

To set-up a Reports Server:1. RuntheComputerSetupWizard.



5. Onthe'ReportsSetup-Advanced'page,selectastartupreportifrequired.ClickHelponthewizarddialogforoptiondetails.

6. Iftheserveristobeanetworkserver,the'Alarms,Reports,andTrendsServerSetup'pagewilldisplay.Enteranappropriatenameforthisserveronthenetwork.Thisisthenamethatothermachinesonthenetworkwillbeconfiguredtoconnectwith.


selections.

To set-up a Time Server:NOTE: ATimeServercanONLYbeset-uponaCitectHMI/SCADAI/OServermachine.1. RuntheComputerSetupWizard.

2. SelectCustom Setup,andclickNext.3. Onthe'ComputerRoleSetup'page,selecttheappropriate'Server'option,andclickNext.4. Onthe'I/OServerSetup'page,selectThis computer is an I/O Server.5. SelectanappropriateI/OServer,andclickNext.7. Followthepromptsgivenbythewizard.Onthe'TimeSetup'page,selectThis computer is theTime Server,andclickNext.8. ContinuetotheendofthewizardandpresstheFinishbutton,tosavethesettings.NOTE: SeetheComputerSetupFlowDiagramformoredetailsonExpressandCustomSet-up

selections.



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UsingDistributedProcessing

Inverylargeapplicationswithlargeamountsofdata,youmightneedtodistributethedataprocessingtoreducetheloadonindividualcomputers.

WithCitectHMI/SCADA,thefunctionoftheCitectHMI/SCADAServercanbedividedintofive

individualtasks.Thesetasksare: CommunicatingwiththeI/ODevices(I/OServer)Monitoringandprocessingalarms(AlarmsServer)Processingreports(ReportsServer)Accumulationandprocessingofhistoricaldatafortrending(TrendsServer)Synchronisationofsystemtime(TimeServer)

Thesetaskscanbeperformedonasinglecomputer,orcanbedistributedbetweentwoormorecomputers.

Display

Client

LAN

Display

Client

File

Server

Alarms Server

I/O Server

To

I/O Devices

Time Server Trends Server

Reports Server

Forverylargeapplications,youcanassignaseparatecomputerforeachtask.

Display

Client

LAN

Display

Client

File

Server

AlarmsI/O Server

To

I/O Devices

Time Server

Trends

ServerServer Server

Reports

Display

Client



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ThisisachievedbyrunningtheCitectHMI/SCADAComputersetupWizardonthemachineyouwishtobecometheparticularserver(I/O,Alarms,Reports,orTrends).

AnyCitectHMI/SCADAServermachinecanbeconfiguredtobehaveasaproxyserverbyapplyingappropriateCitect.INIparametersonthatmachine.Fordetails,seePROXIparametersettingstomakethecomputeraproxyServerforI/Orequests.

AnyCitectHMI/SCADAServermachinecanbeconfiguredtobehaveasaFileTransfer(FTP)ServerforInternetDisplayClientsifrequired.SeeINTERNETparametersettingstomakethecomputeranFTPserver.

AnyCitectHMI/SCADAServermachinecanbeconfiguredtouseTCP/IPoveraWideAreaNetwork(WAN)ifrequired.SeeLANparametersettingstoallowtheuseofTCPIPovertheWAN.

ThelimitationsprovidedbysomenetworkconfigurationscanbeeasedbydistributingtheprocessingloadacrossmultipleI/OServers.SeeSplittingtheProcessingLoadforMultipleI/OServers.

Splitting the Processing Load for Multiple I/O ServersYoucanuseupto255I/OServersonasingleCitectHMI/SCADAsystem.TheconfigurationoftheI/OServersdependsonhoweachI/OServerisconnectedtotheI/ODevices.ThefollowingguidelineswillhelpyouachieveoptimumperformanceinasystemwithmultipleI/OServers.

Ifall(ormost)I/OServerssharethesamephysicallinktotheI/ODevices(e.g.aPLCnetwork)andthePLCnetworkistheperformancebottleneck,onlyoneI/OServershouldcommunicatewiththeI/ODevices(PLCnetwork).

However,withsomePLCnetworkstheinterfacecardintheI/OServeristhebottleneck.Inthissituation,youshouldsharethecommunicationloadacrossallI/OServers.YoushouldalsosharethecommunicationloadacrossallI/OServerswheneachI/OServerhasitownphysicallinktothe

I/ODevice(forexample,individualseriallinks).

Notethattheconfigurationdependstotallyonthetypeofprotocolyouareusing.BecauseitiseasytochangehowtheI/OServersaresetup(youonlyneedtochangetheStartupModeintheI/ODevicesform),youshouldexperimenttofindthebestperformanceforyourplant.



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UsingDistributedServers

Ifyourplantconsistsofanumberofdifferentsectionsorsystems,youcanconfigureacorrespondingnumberofclustersofCitectHMI/SCADAServers,andassigneachclustertoadifferentsection.AllsystemscanthenbemonitoredusingasingleDisplayClient-theGlobalClient.

Disp lay

Client

Disp lay

Client

Primary Server /

Disp lay Client

Sta nd by Server /

Disp lay C lien t

LAN

Disp lay

Client

Disp lay

Client

Primary Server /

Disp lay Client

Standby Server /

Disp lay Client

Client

Global

Cluster for Sec tion 1 Cluster for Sec tion 2

WAN

Bridge

Bridge

Bridge

Bridge

Eachclusterrunsitsownuniqueproject.Ithasuniquealarms,trends,reports,anddisplaypages.TheGlobalClientcandisplayinformationfromanyoftheclusterprojects.Forexample,attheGlobalClient,youcoulddisplaytheTrendpagefromPlant1,thenswitchtotheTrendpagefromPlant2.

Ideally,aglobalsystemshouldconsistofnomorethaneightclusters.

NOTE: DistributedServersshouldNOTbeusedtosplitupasinglesiteintodiscreteareas.Asingleclustersystemwithdistributedprocessingwouldbebettersuitedtothissituation,asitwouldnotbehamperedbythemaintenanceoverheadofadistributedserversystem(suchasextraprojectcompilationsetc.).

Switching Between ClustersFromtheGlobalClient,youcandisplayinformationfromanyoftheclustersinyoursystem.Todoso,youmustfirstattachtotherelevantclusterserver(AlarmsServer,ReportsServeretc.),usingtheClusterSetName()function.Onceattached,youcandisplayanyinformation(suchasTrendTags,Alarmpagesetc.)fromthecluster'sproject.



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Configuring Projects for Distributed ServersInorderfortheGlobalClienttofunctioncorrectly,somecaremustbetakenwhenthevariousprojectsareconfigured.Atypicalsystemwouldconsistof: aGlobalIncludeProject aClusterProjectforeachcluster aGlobalDisplayProject

The Global Include ProjectTheGlobalIncludeProjectexistspurelytobeincludedineachoftheClusterProjects.ItwouldcontainCicodefunctions,fonts,devices,users,groups,andglobalkeyboardcommands.

Cluster ProjectsAllClusterProjectsmustbeincludedintheGlobalDisplayProject.EachClusterProjectwouldcontainthefollowinginformationforitscluster:

Tags Reports I/OServers AlarmsandAlarmCategories I/ODevices GeniesandSuperGenies

Templates Pages Trends Symbols

BecauseallClusterProjectsareincludedintheGlobalDisplayProject,Tagnames,I/ODevicenamesetc.mustbeuniqueforeachcluster.Forexample,youcannothaveanI/OdevicenamedIODev_1ineachClusterProject.TheClusterProjectswilleachbecompiledandrunfromaDisplayClientintherelevantcluster.SoCluster Project AwillberunfromaDisplayClientinCluster A,andsoon.

The Global Display ProjectTheGlobalDisplayProjectwouldbecompiledandrunfromtheGlobalClient.Itwouldcontainasinglestartuppage,andwouldincludeeachoftheClusterProjects.Thestartuppagecouldcontain

anumberofbuttonsforswitchingtovariouspagesfromeachoftheclusters(usingtheClusterSetName()function).

Configuring CitectHMI/SCADA to communicate over a WANAproxyI/OServerisusedfortheoptimisationofCitectnetworktrafficforI/Orequests.ItisthereforeparticularlysuitedforusewithwidelydistributedIOServersoveraWideAreaNetwork.CitectProxyServersareoftenusedwithWANsandcanalsobeusedasFileTransfer(FTP)ServersforInternetDisplayClientsifrequired.

ThereareseveralCitect.INIparametersthatworktogethertoachievethe3typesofconfigurationas

describedbelow.1-LANparametersettingstoallowtheuseofTCPIPovertheWAN

2-PROXIparametersettingstomakethecomputeraproxyServerforI/Orequests

3-INTERNETparametersettingstomakethecomputeranFTPserver

LAN parameter settings to allow the use of TCPIP over a WANAtypicalarrangementofparametersandsettingsisshownbelow.Thecriticalsettingis'Tcpip=1'toenabletheuseofWindowsSocketsbyCitect.TheReadpoolandSessionsparametershavebeenincreasedinthisexampletocaterforalargenetworkwithmanyI/OServersconnectingtotheProxiServer.TCPIPdoesnothavethemaximumsessionslimitthatNETBIOShas(maximumof255sessions),andsopermitsmoreCitectcommunicationsessionsthanNETBIOSallows.

[LAN]



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Node=TEST_PCDisable=0LanA=-1Netbios=1Tcpip=1Readpool=8096Sessions=1024

Youwillneedtoputthe'Tcpip=1'settingintothe[LAN]sectionoftheCitect.inifileforalloftheI/Oserversaswell.

TheDNSsectionmustdefinetheIPaddressfortheCitectserverandalltheI/OServersintheproject(s).Thisismostimportantforredundancy.

[DNS]Primary=192.168.10.33 (TheCitectPrimaryR.A.T.server)Secondary= (anyStandbyR.A.T.server)IOServerA=192.168.10.11 (identifyeverysingleI/Oserverhere)IOServerN=192.168.10.99

PROXI parameter settings to make the computer a Proxy server for I/O requestsACitectHMI/SCADAmachinecanbesettoperformasaproxyI/OServerthroughtheuseofthePROXIparametersettingsoftheprojectCitect.INIfileontheproxyservermachine.Forexample:

[PROXI]IOServerA=MyProxy (anynameyouwanttogivetheproxyserver)IOServerN=MyProxy

ORifasingleproxyI/Oserveristobeused,thefollowingsettingcanbeused,however,theabovemakesalotmoresensetootherpeoplemaintainingthesystem.

[PROXI]ALL=MyProxy

Theothersettingsrequiredareasfollows:

[IOSERVER]Server=1Name=MyProxy

Where"MyProxy"isanyProxyI/Oservernameyouwanttogiveit.ThismachinewillactuallyrunupasanI/OServer,andgetitsactualI/OdatafromthelistofI/OServers.

Internet parameter settings to make the computer an FTP serverTypicalsettingstodothisareshowninthefollowingexample:

[INTERNET]Server=1display=patrick (anytextpasswordforadisplaylicence)manager=jimmeh (anytextpasswordforamanagerlicence)RunFTP=1ZipFiles=0LogFile=D:\

NOTE: Donotmakethemanageranddisplaypasswordsthesame.



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TousethisconfigurationwithalargenetworkcontainingmanyI/OServersandnetworkClients,someofthedefaultresourcesettingsofCitectmayneedtobeincreased.Inparticular,thenetworkingresourcesmayneedtobeincreasede.g.[LAN]Readpooland[LAN]Sessionsparameters.The[KERNEL]Queueparametermayalsoneedtobeincreased.



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BuildingRedundancyIntoYourSystem

Whilereliabilityisakeyfeatureofmostcurrentcomputerhardware,breakdownscanstilloccur.Ifsome(orall)oftheprocessesinyourplantarecritical,orifthepotentialdowntimethroughfailurecouldbeexcessive,youshoulddesignalevelofredundancyintoyourCitectHMI/SCADAsystem.Asystemwithin-builtredundancyminimisesinterruptionsduetoequipmentfailure.Youcanchoose

alevelofredundancytosuittheapplication.

RedundancyisdesignedintoCitectHMI/SCADAandcanbeimplementedwithoutchangingtheprojectconfiguration.(CitectHMI/SCADAwasdesignedfortotalredundancysupport.AlmosteverythinginCitectHMI/SCADAcanbemaderedundant:systemdisplay,alarms,trends,reports,I/OServers,externalI/ODevices,DiskI/ODevices,Networkcables,NetworkFileServers,FTPServers,etc.)

TheCitectHMI/SCADAComputerSetupWizardallowsyoutosetupredundancywhenyoudefinethefunctionofeachcomputeronthenetwork.

I/O Server RedundancySystemswithasingleI/OServerhaveasinglepointoffailure.IftheServerfails,controlandmonitoringofthesystemislost.ThesinglepointoffailurecanbeeliminatedwitharedundantI/OServerthatisconnectedtothesameI/ODevices.TheseCitectHMI/SCADAServersarecalledtheprimaryandStandbyServers.

Display

Client

LAN

Display

Client

File

Server

Primary Server /

DisplayClient

Standby Server /

Display Client

Whenthesystemisinoperation,CitectHMI/SCADAmaintainsbothserversidentically.Iftheprimaryserverfails,thestandbyserverassumestotalcontrolwithoutanyinterruptiontothesystem.Whentheprimaryserverisreturnedtoservice,CitectHMI/SCADAautomaticallyreturnscontroltotheprimaryserver.CitectHMI/SCADAalsoensuresthatnodataislost.

I/OServerredundancystabilisesthesystembyremovingthesinglepointoffailure(theCitectHMI/SCADAI/OServer).However,intheeventoffailurebytheLAN,controlandmonitoringbytheDisplayClientsislost(althoughcontrolandmonitoringbytheserversismaintained).

NOTE: Whenthesystemisrunning,youcanuseredundantI/OServerstosplittheprocessingload.RedundantI/OServersresultinhigherperformance,becauseallI/OServerscanberunninginparallelwhenservicingtheI/ODevices.



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Redundancy and PersistenceIfyouareusingServerredundancy,PersistenceCacheskeepStandbyServersupdatedwiththemostrecentlyreaddevicedata.APersistenceCacheiscreatedforeachcachedI/ODevice.Considerthefollowingsetup:

Standby

Data Path

IODev_2

IOServer1

Primary

Data Path

LAN

IOServer2

Modem Modem

PSTN

Modem

IODev_1

Modem

Every[IOServer]SavePeriod,IOServer1savesitsin-memorycachetodisk.ThecacheissavedinPersistenceCaches,oneforeachcacheddevice.IOServer1broadcaststoallotherI/OServerstheUNCpathofthePersistenceCaches(setwith[IOServer]SaveNetwork).FromthesePersistenceCaches,IOServer2updatesitsin-memorycacheforitsI/ODevices.

NOTE: YoucandefineanI/ODeviceonanI/OServerusingtheExpressCommunicationsWizard,orbyaddingadeviceintheI/ODevicesforminCitect'sProjectEditor.

YouarenotlimitedtojustoneStandbyServer,sincetheUNCpathnamesetin[IOServer]SaveNetworkisbroadcasttoallI/OServers.EachI/OServerupdatesitscachefromthePersistenceCachesonlyfortheI/ODevicesdefinedonthatserver.Youcan,therefore,setupanumberofI/OServerstoupdatetheirin-memorycacheswiththemostrecentlyreaddata.

Forthisexample,the[IOServer]SaveFileand[IOServer]SaveNetworkparameterswouldneedtobesetasfollows:

On IOServer1 On IOServer2[IOServer] [IOServer]

SaveFile=C:\Data\IOServer1.dat SaveFile=C:\Data\IOServer2.dat

SaveNetwork=\\IOServer1\Data\IOServer1.dat SaveNetwork=\\IOServer2\Data\IOServer2.dat

IOServer1wouldbroadcastthepath'\\IOServer1\Data\IOServer1.dat'totheotherI/OServers.IOServer2wouldthenusethePersistenceCachestoupdateitsin-memorycachewiththedevicedatamostrecentlyreadbyIOServer1.



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Data Path RedundancyWithmostbrandsofPLCs,youcaninstallaparalleldatapathfromtheI/OServertotheI/ODevice.Aparalleldatapathensuresthatifonedatapathfails,yoursystemcancontinuewithoutinterruption.

StandbyData Path

I/O Device

I/O Server

Primary

Data Path

I/O Device

I/O Server

Whenyoustartyourruntimesystem,CitectHMI/SCADAconnectstotheI/ODeviceusingtheprimarydatapath.IfcommunicationwiththeI/ODevicefailsatanytime(e.g.ifthecommunicationscableiscut),CitectHMI/SCADAswitchestothestandbydatapath.CitectHMI/SCADAreconnectsthroughtheprimarydatapathwhenitisreturnedtoservice.

Youcanalsousedatapathredundancyonanetwork,asinthefollowingdiagram:

StandbyData Path

PrimaryData Path

LAN

I/O Server

StandbyPrimary

Inthisexample,I/ODevicecommunicationismaintainedifeitheroneoftheI/OServersoritscommunicationscablefails.

IfyourI/ODevicessupportpeer-to-peercommunication,youcanprovidetotalredundancytoyoursystembyduplicatingI/ODevices-asinthefollowingdiagram:



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Standby

Data Path

I/O Device

I/O Server

Primary

Data Path

LAN

I/O Server

StandbyPrimary

I/O Device

Primary Standby

OneoftheseI/ODevicesisthePrimaryI/ODevice,andtheotheristheStandbyI/ODevice.(You

canalsohavemorethanoneStandbyI/ODevice.) WhenbothI/ODevicesarerunning,CitectHMI/SCADAprocessestheI/OonthePrimaryI/ODevice.ThisreducestheI/OloadontheI/ODevice(andPLCnetwork),whichiscriticalforthebestperformance.YoudonothavetosynchronisedatabetweenthePrimaryandStandbyI/ODevices.

NOTE: AlthoughI/OServersareallthesameand,therefore,donotadoptaPrimaryorStandbyrole,theyaregenerallylabelled"Primary"and"Standby".Soa"Primary"I/OServeristheI/OServerwiththePrimaryI/ODevicesconnectedanda"Standby"I/OServeristheonewiththeStandbyI/ODevicesconnected.OneI/OServercanconnecttoamixtureofPrimaryandStandbyI/ODevices.

TheI/OServercansupportanynumberofStandbyDataPaths.

WARNING: Tousethisarrangement,theI/ODevicesmustsupporthot-standbyredundancy.WhileCitectHMI/SCADAcansendwriterequeststoboththeprimaryandstandbyI/ODevices(withtheStartup modeStandbyWriteoption),CitectHMI/SCADAcannotsynchronisetheI/ODevicesorplant-floorequipment.

CitectHMI/SCADAclientscommunicatewithallconfiguredI/OServersatthesametime.(Onstartup,theclientstrytoconnecttoallconfiguredI/OServers.IftheycannotfindanI/OServer,ahardwareerrorisgenerated.)TheCitectHMI/SCADAclientroutestheparticularI/OrequesttotheactiveI/ODevice.Forexample,ifyouhavethreeI/OServersconfiguredasfollows:

I/O Server I/O Devices connected

IOServer1 I/ODevice1(Primary)I/ODevice2(Standby)I/ODevice3(Primary)

IOServer2 I/ODevice1(Standby)I/ODevice2(Primary)

IOServer3 I/ODevice1(Standby)I/ODevice2(Standby)I/ODevice3(Standby)

IfallI/ODevicesarecommunicatingcorrectly,aCitectHMI/SCADAclientcreatesnetworksessionstoallthreeI/OServers.TheclientthensendsrequestsforI/ODevice1andI/ODevice3toIOServer1,andrequestsforI/ODevice2toIOServer2.IfI/ODevice1failsonIOServer1,theclient

sendsrequestsforthisI/ODevicetoIOServer2,whileitstillsendsrequestsforI/ODevice3toIOServer1.IfI/ODevice1alsofailsonIOServer2,theclientsendsrequeststoIOServer3.When



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I/ODevice1onIOServer1comesbackonline,theclientsbeginsendingtheirrequeststoIOServer1.

BecauseyoucanplacePrimaryandStandbyI/ODevicesonvariousI/OServers,youshouldsharethePrimaryI/ODevicesbetweenyourI/OServerstobalancetheloadingacrossalltheI/OServers.(Thismightnotapplyforallprotocols,becausetheloadingcouldbedependentonthePLCnetwork,nottheI/OServerCPU.Inthiscase,morethanoneactiveI/OServeronthesamePLCNetwork

candegradethePLCnetworkandthereforeslowthetotalresponse.)

Alarms Reports and Trends Server RedundancyOnlargesystemswithmultipleservers,youcanparalleltheAlarms,Reports,andTrendsServers.Toachievethislevelofredundancy,youconfigurethreeothercomputers(orDisplayClients)asstandbyservers.Thenifaprimaryserverfails,itsoperationisimmediatelytransferredtoitsstandbyserver.

Display

Client

LAN 1

Display

Client

File

Server 1

LAN 2

File

Server 2

Primary

I/O Server

Standby

I/O Server

Standby

Reports

ServersPrimary

Standby

Trends

Servers

Primary

StandbyAlarms

Servers

Primary

Whenthesystemisinoperation,CitectHMI/SCADAmirrorstheprimaryandstandbyservers.IftheprimaryReports,Alarms,orTrendServerfails,allclientsaccesstheappropriatestandbyserverfordata.Whentheprimaryserverrestarts,theclientsstayonthestandbyserverunlessthestandbyserverfails,ortheclientisshutdownandrestarted.(BecauseCitectHMI/SCADAmaintainsidenticaldataonbothservers,itisnotimportantwhetheraclientreceivesdatafromtheprimaryorstandbyserver,anditisquitenormalforsomeclientstobecommunicatingwiththeprimaryandsomewiththestandbyserver.Thisalsosavestheextraoverheadofcheckingifaprimaryserverhascomebackonline.)

How CitectHMI/SCADA Handles Alarms Server RedundancyYoucanconfiguretwoAlarmsServersinaCitectHMI/SCADAproject-aPrimaryAlarmsServerandaStandbyAlarmsServer.WithtwoAlarmsServers,youhavefull(mirrored)redundancyonyourCitectHMI/SCADAsystem.

WhenbothAlarmsServersarerunning,alarmsareprocessedonbothserversinparallel,andareloggedbythePrimaryAlarmsServer.IfthePrimaryAlarmsServerfails,theStandbyAlarmsServerstartstologalarmstodevices.

WhenanAlarmsServerstartsup,ittriestoconnecttotheotherAlarmsServer.Ifitcanconnect,ittransfersthedynamicalarmdatafromtherunningAlarmsServer.(Thisdataincludessummary

dataandthecurrentalarmstates.)IfanotherAlarmsServercannotbefound,theAlarmsServeropensthesavefile(definedwiththe[Alarm]SavePrimaryparameter)andrestoresthedatafromthe



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file.Iftwosavefilesexist,onefromthePrimaryServerandonefromtheStandbyServer,CitectHMI/SCADAusesthesavefilewiththelaterdate.Ifnosavefileisconfigured,theAlarmsServercannotgettheinitialstateofthealarms,andnosummaryinformationisavailable.Inthiscase,theAlarmsServerstartsprocessingthealarms,andthenacknowledgesallthenewalarms.

WhilebothAlarmsServersareactive,theybothreaddatafromtheI/OServerandprocessthealarms.Theon/offstatusofeachalarmisnotpassedbetweenthetwoservers.Whenoperators

performfunctionsonalarms(forexample,acknowledge,disable,enable,addcomments,etc.),thisinformationispassedbetweenthetwoAlarmsServers.(Ifanoperatoracknowledgesanalarmononeserver,thatservertellstheotherservertoacknowledgethesamealarm.)

CitectHMI/SCADAclientsconnecttoeitherthePrimaryAlarmsServerorStandbyAlarmsServer.Onstartup,allclientstrytoconnecttothePrimaryAlarmsServer.IfthePrimaryAlarmsServerisnotrunning,theytrytoconnecttotheStandbyAlarmsServer.IfthePrimaryAlarmsServercomesbackonline,anyclientsconnectedtotheStandbyAlarmsServerremainconnectedtotheStandbyServer.(ItdoesnotmatterwhichAlarmsServertheclientstalkto,becausetheybothcontainthesame(mirrored)data.)

How CitectHMI/SCADA Handles Reports Server RedundancyYoucanconfiguretwoReportsServersinaCitectHMI/SCADAproject-aPrimaryReportsServerandaStandbyReportsServer.WhenbothReportsServersarerunning,thescheduledreportsonlyrunonthePrimaryReportsServer.IfthePrimaryReportsServerfails,thescheduledreportsrunontheStandbyReportsServer.(YoucanalsoconfiguretheStandbyReportsServersothatisalsorunsthescheduledreports-inparallelwiththePrimaryReportsServer.)NoreportdataistransferredbetweenthePrimaryandStandbyServers.(CitectHMI/SCADAdoesnotsynchronisethereportdatabecausereportscanwritetheirdatatoanytypeofdevice.)

CitectHMI/SCADAclientseitherconnecttothePrimaryReportsServerortheStandbyReportsServer.Onstartup,allclientstrytoconnecttothePrimaryReportsServer.IfthePrimaryReportsServerisnotrunning,theytrytoconnecttotheStandbyReportsServer.IfthePrimaryReports

Servercomesbackonline,anyclientsconnectedtotheStandbyReportsServerremainconnectedtotheStandbyserver.

How CitectHMI/SCADA Handles Trends Server RedundancyYoucanconfiguretwoTrendsServersinaCitectHMI/SCADAproject-aPrimaryTrendsServerandaStandbyTrendsServer.WhenbothTrendsServersarerunning,trendsareprocessedonbothserversinparallel,andwrittentodisk.(Eachservermustwritetoitsowndiskoritsownprivateareaonthefileserver.)

WhenaTrendsServerstartsup,ittriestoconnecttotheotherTrendsServer.Ifitcanconnect,it

transfersallthetrenddatafromthelasttimeitwasshutdownuntilthecurrenttime.(Thisensuresthatnotrenddataislost.)

CitectHMI/SCADAclientseitherconnecttothePrimaryTrendsServerortheStandbyTrendsServer.Onstartup,allclientstrytoconnecttothePrimaryTrendsServer.IfthePrimaryTrendsServerisnotrunning,theytrytoconnecttotheStandbyTrendsServer.IfthePrimaryTrendsServercomesbackonline,anyclientsconnectedtotheStandbyTrendsServerremainconnectedtotheStandbyTrendsServer.(ItdoesnotmatterwhichTrendsServertheclientstalkto,becausetheybothcontainthesame(mirrored)data.)

How CitectHMI/SCADA Handles File Server RedundancyCitectHMI/SCADAallowsforredundancyofthefileserver.The[CtEdit]Backupparameterspecifies



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abackupprojectpath.IfCitectHMI/SCADAcannotfindafileintheRundirectory(i.e.asspecifiedbythe[CtEdit]Runparameter),itwilllookinthebackuppath.Ifthefileisfoundinthebackuppath,CitectHMI/SCADAwillassumethattherunpathhasfailed(i.e.thefileserverhasfailed).CitectHMI/SCADAwillthenlookforallrelevantfilesinthebackupbeforechangingover.WhenCitectHMI/SCADAchangesovertothebackuppath,itwillcalleventnumber11andgeneratethehardwareerrorFile server failed to Standby.Fileserverredundancywillonlyoperatecorrectlyiftheredirector(orshell)onthecomputercanhandleafailureofthefileserver.TheshellwithNovellNetwarecannotdothisandwillcauseWindowstofailwithfatalNetworkerrors-whenthefileserverfails.MicrosoftLANmanagerbasednetworksandpeertopeernetworkswillallowforfileserverfailurecorrectly.Therefore,CitectHMI/SCADAfileserverredundancywilloperatecorrectlywiththesenetworks.

NOTE: OnlyCitectHMI/SCADAswitchestoabackuppath.Anyotherapplicationsthatareusingfilesonthefileserverwillfailwhenthefilerserverfails.Thismaycausethecomputertowaitforlongperiodsforthefilerserver(ortocrash).ThisincludesWindowsitself,soyoushouldinstallWindowsonalocaldrive.

Toenablefileserverredundancy,setthe[CTEDIT]Backupparametertoabackupdatabasepath.Forexample,ifyourprimarypathisF:\CITECT\USER\DB,setthebackuppathtoanotherfileserveroralocaldrive,suchasC:\CITECT\USER\DB.YoushouldalwaysmakesurethattheprojectintheBackuppathisthesameastheoneintheRundirectory-eachtimeyoucompiletheprojectintherundirectoryyoushouldcopyitintothebackupdirectory.

How CitectHMI/SCADA Handles FTP Server RedundancyCitectHMI/SCADAsupportsFTPServerredundancy.IfthePrimaryFTPServergoesdown,CitectHMI/SCADAwillattempttoconnecttotheFTPServerontheStandbymachine.ThisoccursindependentlyofI/OServerRedundancy,sothetwoFTPServersmusthavethesamepasswordsandthesamedirectorystructure.

FTPServerRedundancyisconfiguredbysettingparametersinthe[CLIENT]and[DNS]sectionsofthePrimaryFTPServer'sCitect.inifile.TheseparametersaredownloadedbytheInternetDisplayClient(IDC)toitsownCitect.inifileifthePrimaryFTPServerfails,providedthe[INTERNET]Redundancyparameterhasnotbeensetto0(zero).TheIDCthenusesthedownloadedredundancyinformationtoconnecttotheStandbyFTPServer.

NOTE: StandbyFTPServersneednotbeInternetServers.TheStandbyFTPServercanbeanyserverusingTCP/IPthattheIDCcanconnectto,providedthereareIDClicencespresentinthenetwork.

LAN RedundancyAsecondLocalAreaNetwork(LAN)andfileserverwouldensuresystemstabilityevenintheeventofnetworkfailure.



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Display

Client

LAN 1

Display

Client

File

Server 1

LAN 2

File

Server 2

Primary Server /

Display Client

Standby Server /

Display Client

Intheaboveillustration,halfofthecomputersremainoperableifoneoftheLANsoraserverfails.Withtwonetworkcardsineachcomputer,fulloperationofallcomputerscanbemaintainedintheeventofafailureofoneoftheLANs(oraserver).

Display

Client

LAN 1

Display

Client

File

Server 1

LAN 2

File

Server 2

Primary Server /

Display Client

Standby Server /

Display Client



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NetBIOSErrors

1024 No NetBIOS errorThiserrorshouldnotoccurinnormaloperation.ContactCitectSupport.

1025 Invalid buffer lengthThiserrorshouldnotoccurinnormaloperation.ContactCitectSupport.1027 Invalid commandThiserrorshouldnotoccurinnormaloperation.ContactCitectSupport.1029 Command timed outCitectHMI/SCADAistimingoutwhensendingdataonthenetwork.Ifthiserroroccursfrequently,

increasethetimeoutperiodinthe[LAN]SendTimeoutparameter.ThiserrorislikelytooccurifyouarerunningCitectHMI/SCADAonaslownetworkoraWideAreaNetwork.1030 Incomplete receive messageThiserrorshouldnotoccurinnormaloperation.ContactCitectSupport.1032 Invalid session numberThiserrorshouldnotoccurinnormaloperation.ContactCitectSupport.1033 No resource availableIncreasenetworkresourcesormemory.IncreasetheWindowsparameterNetHeapSizeintheSYSTEM.INIfile(orothernetworkparameters).SeeSettingUpaNetwork.1034 Session has been closedThiserrorshouldnotoccurinnormaloperation.ContactCitectSupport.1035 Command cancelledThiserrorshouldnotoccurinnormaloperation.ContactCitectSupport.1037 Duplicate name in local tableThiserrorshouldnotoccurinnormaloperation.ContactCitectSupport.1038 NetBIOS name table fullIncreasethenumberofnamesinthelocalnametablesetupinthenetworkNetBIOSconfiguration.SeeSettingUpaNetwork.1041 NetBIOS session table fullCitectHMI/SCADAhasrunoutofNetBIOSsessions.IncreasethenumberofNetBIOSsessionsinthenetworksetup.SeeSettingUpaNetwork.1044 Server name not found



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Thespecifiedservercannotbefoundonthenetwork.Eithertheserverhasnotstartedoranetworkproblemispreventingcommunication.1046 Name in use on remote adaptorTwoCitectHMI/SCADAserversonthenetworkaretryingtousethesamename.ConfigureeachCitectHMI/SCADAserverwithauniquename.

1049 Name conflictTwoCitectHMI/SCADAserversonthenetworkaretryingtousethesamename.ConfigureeachCitectHMI/SCADAserverwithauniquename.1058 Too many commands outstandingCitectHMI/SCADAhasrunoutofNetBIOScontrolblocks(NCBs).IncreasethenumberofNCBsinthenetworkNetBIOSconfigurationorreduceCitectHMI/SCADA'suseofNCBsintheCITECT.INIfile.SeeSettingUpaNetwork.



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CiNet

CiNetisnolongersupported.CiNetwasdesignedasalowspeedWideAreaNetwork(forremotemonitoringapplications).Ifyouhaveawidely-distributedapplicationwhereCitectHMI/SCADAcomputersareseparatedbyvastdistances,usingaLANtoconnectyourDisplayClientscanbeexpensive.ToconnectDisplayClientsinthisinstance,youshoulduseMicrosoft'sRemoteAccess

Server(RAS)oraMicrosoftapprovedsolution-suchasShivaLanRover.

citectscada networks

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