china women entrepreneurship: the future

8/2/2019 China Women Entrepreneurship: The Future

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Liu Manhong, MannieProfessor, Renmin University Prof. Shi Qingqi

China Federation of IT Protection, Committee onGreen Economy and Informationization

Feb. 27, 2012, ManilaThe views expressed in this paper are the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian

Development Bank (ADB), or its Board of Governors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The countries listed in this paper donot imply any view on ADB's part as to sovereignty or independent status or necessarily conform to ADB's terminology.


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Survey 2011 dataThe following few slides are based on the same survey we presented earlier

On this presentation, we focus on how Chinese womenentrepreneurs with their future


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China SME Survey, 2009

-- Financial Crisis Affect your Business?

10%

40%36%

14%

no effect small effect some effect big effect


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How CWEr view future?

97%

3%

Optimism Pessimism


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How to Overcome the Crisis

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Continuing Operation

Expand Domestic Market

Explore International Market

Into High-tech Fields

Into Service Industry

Into Neo Rural Market

52%

61%

10%

9%

17%

22%


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CWEr work harder, relax less9.5

2.0

7.3

2.1

9.0

1.8

7.1

3.1

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

Work Housework Sleep Entertainment &Exercise

2011 2009


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How CWEr Devote to Future SocialResponsibility

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Devote toDisaster Relief Help

VulnerableGroups

SubsidizeEducation Support

Community Development

Support NGO Afforestation

77%70%

63%

43%

26%26%


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A misconception on CWErTraditional understanding is:Male entrepreneurs look for P and L (profit and loss)

Female entrepreneurs look also for P and L but they are: peace and loveIn FACT: women entrepreneurs are facing increasingchallenge on making profit and cutting off losses


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CWEr major characteristicsSocial

Influence Leadership

Industry Influence

Charm

Ability tobreakthrough

Balancing Ability


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Basic Factors to grow

entrepreneurshipThe base of the development of Chinas womenentrepreneurship is Chinas overall entrepreneurialdevelopment, which in turn depends on the followingfactors:

Social and political stability; throughout the Chinesehistory Economic Development; economic growthMore people become richEntrepreneurial cultureRelevant encouragement policies


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A Recent Survey by China

Merchants Bank (2011)Chinas private individuals investableassets reached 62 trillion RMB (close to 1trillion USD) in 2010 (est, 72 trillion in 2011)Total number of people in

High net worth group: 500,000Net worth more than 10 million RMB

Very high net worth group: 70.000Net worth more than 50 million RMBUltra high net worth group: 20,000

Net worth more than 100 million RMB


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A Recent Survey by China

Merchants Bank, IIHigh net worth people, 50% at age 40 to 50 With college and graduate degree: 80%

Among Professional Managers, threecharacteristics:

Education level is generally high Age turns to be young Women to men ratio: 50/50 (notice: here weare talking about only professionalmanagers)


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A Survey from Hurun (2011)High net worth population: 960,000

Up 9.7% from last year

Average age 39Men and women ratio: 7:3Ultra high net worth population: 60,000

Average age 43


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China High net worth Population:Three Characteristics(based on HSBC survey 2009)

Age relatively younger: 83% them are below age55 only 17% are age 55 and above; whereas in Japan this group is 73% South Korea is

61% Resources of their assets: First generationentrepreneur 62% no or little inheritance, butin Japan inheritance is about 30% India23% Singapore 22% Women accounted for a relatively highpercentage 38%, whereas in Australia thisnumber is 15% India: 12% all less than half of that number of China


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Two Characteristics, Ms. Shi 2010CWEs; major ownership is Proprietorship as in many countries:

Even though many CWEr in SMEs but there are many CWEr are in big firms as owners and/or managers

Canada

USA

Italy

China

40

35

25

55

% of Propietorship


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Survey by China State Council

Research Center

coornationPublic Relation

people skill

61.5

8.5

31.6

68.6

17.1

37.1

Male Entre Female Entre


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CWErs DNA A Research by 2008The comparison between male entrepreneurs and

female entrepreneurs:Male entrepreneur Female entrepreneur

More aggressive More defensive

Emphasize more on heroism Emphasize on team work

Expand business horizon Deepen current business

Decisive decision making style Discursive decision making style


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30 most successful business

women by the same magazine

40%

26%

17%

10% 7%

entrepreneur professional managers second to the businesschildren of the rich other


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Government Policies towards CWErNo specific favorable policies towards Chinese womenentrepreneursHowever, there are related policies

to protect women in all occupations in general;To promote women in employmentTo encourage women in leadership position

To set up laws to emphasize womens right


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All China Federation of Trade

Union: China Women DevelopmentPrinciple (2001-2010_By Labor Law: prohibit discrimination against women

in employment and promotion: but in reality?Emphasize the importance of government policy: toequalize women with men; but in reality?Encourage women to start up their own business; to bepromoted into high management position, but specificpolicies?Set up quota for women to be in government offices

china women entrepreneurship: the future

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