Semester I Exam Review 2014

Chapters 1-4

Which is the sugar component of a DNA nucleotide?

A. Deoxyribose B. Adenine C. Glucose D. Phosphate

A. Deoxyribose

Which substances are components of a DNA nucleotide?

A. Ribose, phosphate, and uracil B. Phosphate, ribose, and adenine C. Phosphate, deoxyribose, and

uracil D. Thymine, deoxyribose, and

phosphate

D. Thymine, deoxyribose, and phosphate

The individuality of an organism is determined by the organism’s

Nitrogenous bases Transfer RNA molecules DNA nucleotide sequence Amino acids

DNA nucleotide sequence

Which two bases are present in equal amounts in a double-stranded DNA molecule?

Cytosine and thymine Adenine and thymine Adenine and uracil Cytosine and uracil

Adenine and thymine

During DNA replication, which enzyme is responsible for “unzipping” the DNA molecule?

DNA polymerase DNA restriction enzymes DNA ligase DNA helicase

DNA helicase

A human DNA segment was inserted into a bacterial cell and became incorporated into the bacterial DNA. This technique is an example of

Cloning Genetic counseling Artificial selection Genetic engineering

Genetic engineering

Which technique is used to alter bacteria in such a way that they produce human insulin?

Hydrolysis DNA replication Recombinant DNA formation Genetic screening

Recombinant DNA formation

The insertion of a human DNA fragment into a bacterial cell might make it possible for

The bacterial cell to produce a human protein

The cloning of the human that donated that DNA fragment

Humans to become immune to an infection by this type of bacteria

The cloning of this type of bacteria

The bacterial cell to produce a human protein

Many diabetics are now using insulin that was made by certain bacteria. The ability of these bacteria to produce insulin was most likely the result of Using radiation to trigger mutations Genetic mapping of bacterial DNA to

activate the gene for insulin production Deleting many DNA segments from

bacterial DNA Inserting a portion of human DNA into

the ring-shaped DNA of bacteria

Inserting a portion of human DNA into the ring-shaped DNA of bacteria

A small amount of DNA was taken from a fossil of a mammoth found frozen in glacial ice. Genetic technology can be used to produce a large quantity of identical DNA from this mammoth’s DNA. In this technology, the original DNA sample is used to

a. stimulate differentiation in other mammoth cells.B. Act as a template for repeated replicationc. Provide fragments to replace certain human body chemicals.D. Trigger mitosis to obtain new base sequences

Act as a template for repeated replication

Scientists have cloned sheep, but not a human. The best explanation for this situation is that There are many ethical problems

involved in cloning humans The technology to clone humans has

not been explored Human reproduction is very different

from that of other mammals Cloning humans would take too long.

What is the genetically engineered curdling agent in the cheese lab?

Rennen Chymosin Buttermilk Whole Milk

Chymosin

Why did scientists produce recombinant rennin?

1. Produce large quantities. 2. Cheaper.

Biuret solution is an indicator for what substance?

Starch Glucose Fats Proteins

Proteins

What color does iodine turn in the presence of starch?

Rusty yellow. Clear Purple/blue Yellow/orange

Tomato plants in a garden are not growing well. The gardener hypothesizes that the soil is too acidic. To test this hypothesis accurately, the gardener could

Change the pH of the soil Plant seeds of a different kind of

plant Move the tomato plants to an area

with less sunlight Reduce the amount of water

available to the plant

Change the pH of the soil

To locate a specimen on a prepared slide, a student should begin with the low-power objective rather that the high-power objective because the

Field of vision is smaller under low power than under high power

Field of vision is larger under low power than under high power

Specimen does not need to be stained for observation under low power but must be stained for observation under high power

Portion of the specimen that can be observed under low power is less than the portion that can be observed under high power.

Field of vision is larger under low power than under high power

To measure 50 mL, which tool would be the most accurate?

Micropipet Pipet graduated cylinder Balance Microcentrifuge tube

Graduated cylinder

5 kg is equal to _______g

500 5000 0.005 0.0005

5000

Which group of measurements contains only metric units?

5 in, 3 kg, 40 oz

5 mm, 3 g, 40 lb

5 in, 3 lb, 40 mL

5 mm, 3 g, 40 mL

5 mm, 3 g, 40 mL

Which objective of a compound microscope would show the largest field of view?

20x 5x 10x 44x

5x

Proteins are synthesized from less complex organic compounds known as:

Carbons Starches Amino acids enzymes

Amino acids

In what organelle is DNA found?

Cytoplasm Nucleus Endoplasmic reticulum Lysosome

nucleus

Which enzyme “pastes” rDNA fragments together?

Transformation enzyme Restriction enzyme DNA ligase DNA polymerase Nuclease enzyme

DNA ligase

A product that has entered the product pipeline

Is ready for clinical testing to begin. Is being produced on a large scale by

the manufacturing department Has been determined safe and

effective Needs to be reviewed regularly with

a comprehensive product development plan.

Needs to be reviewed regularly with a comprehensive product development plan

Biotechnology research labs are commonly found at all of the following facilities except

Universities Medical clinics Companies Government agencies

Medical clinics

The primary goal in a biotechnology company is to

Engage in “pure science” Cure all the diseases of the world Publish results in scientific journals Provide a product of service that is

useful to society and results in earnings

Provide a product of service that is useful to society and results in earnings

What is meant by cell specialization?

Different cell lines (CHO & HeLa cells) are more suited to producing certain kinds of recombinant proteins.

Prokaryotic cells specialize in certain tasks and can therefore grow more rapidly than eukaryotic cells.

There is great cell variety in multicellular organisms in which different kinds of cells have different jobs to do.

All of the above

There is great cell variety in multicellular organisms in which different kinds of cells have different jobs to do

Which of the following is an expression of concentration units?

µg/µL

mg/mL

µM

All of these

all

As a solution becomes dilute

The proportion of solute to solvent increases

The proportion of solvent to solute increases

The normality of the solution shifts Re-ionization begins to occur

The proportion of solvent to solute increase

Nucleotides are bonded to each other on a nucleic acid by

Hydrogen bonds Antiparallel bonds Peptide bonds Phosphodiester bonds

Phosphodiester bonds

A circular plasmid was cut with a restriction enzyme & three bands were visualized after electrophoresis. How many cuts were made in the plasmid?

1 2 3 4

3

Which agarose concentration would work best for separating very large molecules? 3% 2% 0.8% All choices would work

.08%

During a DNA extraction, the purpose of smashing the fruit was to Break the phosphodiester bonds

between nucleotides Break open the nuclear membrane Break apart the cellulose in the plant

cells. Break apart the cell membrane.

Break apart the cellulose surrounding plant cells.

The types of cells commonly used in biotechnology are

Bacteria Yeast Chinese hamster ovary cells All of the above

all

Review micropipettor settings

P-1000 P-200 P-20

Metric conversions

After an enzyme cuts DNA into smaller pieces, this enzyme is responsible for gluing the new DNA pieces together

DNA ligase DNA helicase DNA emporase Restriction enzymes

DNA ligase

What is the total magnification of an object if you are using 10X oculars and 4X objective?

14X 400X 40X 4X

40X

In gel electrophoresis, what makes the DNA migrate through the gel during electrophoresis?

Water Gravity Salt Electricity

Electricity

In PCR, the purpose for the heating cycle is to

Kill the bacteria. Make the DNA glow. Separate the DNA strands. Move the DNA in the gel.

Separate the DNA strands

Antiparallel, with regard to DNA means that:

The strands cross each other The strands run parallel to each

other but run in opposite directions The strands run the same directions

and are parallel Strands run at right angles to each

other

The strands run parallel to each other but run in opposite directions

EcoRI is an example of which type of enzyme?

Restriction endonuclease RNA polymerase DNA polymerase DNA ligase

Restriction endonuclease