chapter an evolution of physical network architectures
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CHAPTER An Evolution of Physical Network Architectures. Chapter Objectives. Discuss the different network hardware architectures that span varying sizes of business enterprises Provide an insight into LAN architectural evolution Centralized, decentralized, mixed etc. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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CHAPTER CHAPTER
An Evolution of An Evolution of Physical Network Physical Network
ArchitecturesArchitectures
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Chapter Objectives
• Discuss the different network hardware architectures that span varying sizes of business enterprises
• Provide an insight into LAN architectural evolution– Centralized, decentralized, mixed etc.
• Introduce the WAN architecture that is becoming increasingly relevant to the Internet
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Chapter Modules
• Small Computer Networks• Medium Sized Computer Networks• Large Scale Computer Networks• Enterprise Computer Networks• Wide Area Networks
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Chapter Focus on Functional Types
• Distributed– LAN driven– Current trend
• Centralized– Mini/Mainframe derived– Past trend and probably the future trend
• Combination– Distributed/ Centralized– Emerging trend
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MODULE
Small Computer Networks
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Major Types
• Distributed– Resources and executions are distributed
over the network– LAN
• Centralized– Resources and execution are confined to a
central unit– Multi-user Micro
• A Unix multi-user computer operating under the Unix operating system
– Entry-level minicomputers also known as departmental computers
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LAN Evolution
File ServerApplication Server
(Client-ServerTechnology)
Thin-Clients &Terminal Servers
Distributedexecution
Cooperativeexecution
Centralizedexecution
Past Present Future
Mainframe architecture of the past
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IBM 9370 Virtual Machine Example
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END OF MODULEEND OF MODULE
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Suns Computer Network
Sun Enterprise Server
Pentium Pentium
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Web Research
• Visit www.sun.com and obtain information about their Sun Enterprise servers– How are they networked together?– Choose a server to serve 25
workstations• Sun Enterprise Server 220R
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MODULE
Medium Sized Computer Networks
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Major Types• Centralized architecture
– Past, present and possible future – Minicomputers
• Decentralized architecture– Present– Very large LANs with Multiple segments
• Mixed architecture– Combination of both of the above– Large LAN with different network segments
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Centralized Architecture: Medium Sized Computer
NetworkAS 400
Micro
MicroMicro
OS 400
Token Ring
OS2 / Warp
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Web Research
• Visit www.ibm.com to obtain more information about the configuration of an AS 400 computer for:– Running OS/400– Functioning as a file server for a Windows
net work
• Name the different IBM server families• Visit www.search400.com for additional
information on AS/400
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Decentralized Architecture: A Switched
LANEthernet Switch
ClientClient Client Client ClientClient
Ethernet LAN Segments
Hub Hub
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END OF MODULEEND OF MODULE
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MODULE
Large-Scale Computer Networks
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Types
• Centralized Architecture• Decentralized Architecture• Combination of both
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Examples
• Mainframe computer– Centralized
• Heterogeneous LAN– Distributed
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Large Scale Centralized Computer Network
Concentrator
Term.
PC
Pc
Main
fram
e
Fron
t-end
Pro
cess
or
DASDHard DiskModemServer
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Mainframe Reference Terminology for
Equipment
• DCE (Data Communication Equipment)– Front-end Processor, Modem Server
and Concentrator for example
• DTE (Data Terminal Equipment)– Terminals, PCs and Printers for
example
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LAN Reference Terminology for
Equipment
• Internetworking devices– Switches, Routers etc.
• Clients or Workstations– PCs
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Heterogeneous LAN Architecture
Router Switch
WSHubHub
WS
WS
WSWS WS WS WSWS
Server 3 Server 4
LANs With Servers/Minicomputers
Server 1
Server 2
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Switch• Switch network traffic between the LAN
segments• Allows crossover traffic from one segment to
another segment• Otherwise, the network traffic is confined to the
individual segments• Used for connecting LAN segments that operate
under the same protocol• Performs Layer 2 functions
– Newer switches may also perform some routing which is a Layer 3 functions
• Such switches are called Layer 3 switches
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Router
• Used for connecting LAN segments that operate under different protocols
• A more advanced device compared to the switch
• Routes traffic between different LANs
• Performs Layer 3 functions
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Web Research
• Visit www.whatis.com and get the definition for switches and gateways
• Access www.cisco.com to obtain further information on the following– Switch– Router
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END OF MODULEEND OF MODULE
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MODULEMODULE
Enterprise Computer Networks
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Major Types
• Centralized– Based on mainframes – Mainframe derived architecture
• Decentralized– Based on a backbone used of
connecting LANs and other computer systems
– LAN driven architecture
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Enterprise Systems Network: Centralized
Architecture
Mainframe
Front End ProcessorMini-Computer
Term. Term. PCPC
Concentrator
LAN
ModemServer
Ter. Ter.
ExternalLines
Gateway
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Enterprise Systems/Campus Network
Fiber Optic Backbone(FDDI)
MainframeSystems
Bus LAN
RingLAN
ModemGateway
WAN Connection Star
LAN
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END OF MODULEEND OF MODULE
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MODULE
Wide Area Networks
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Types
• By virtue of its definition, it is a decentralized network
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Wide Area Network Overview
Public Network(Frame RelayATM, X.25)
LANs
Terminal or Microcomputer
Campus Network
EnterpriseSystemsNetwork
MainframeSystems
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Web Research
• Access a reference website such as www.whatis.com to obtain information on the following– ATM, Frame Relay, X.25– DS1, DS3 etc. – T1, T3 etc.– OC1, OC3 etc.
• Switches and Routers
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END OF MODULEEND OF MODULE
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END OF MODULE END OF MODULE
END OF CHAPTEREND OF CHAPTER