chapter 7 finace

8/19/2019 CHAPTER 7 FINACE

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CHAPTER 7

Design for Quality and ProductExcellence


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Product Development


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Product Development

The typical product development procconsists of six phases:

• Idea Generation

• Preliminary Concept Development • Product/Process Development


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• Full-Scale Production

• Market Introduction

• Market Evaluation


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Concurrent Engineering

- Is a process in which all maor !unctinvolved with "rin#in# a product to mare continuously involved with produdevelopment !rom conception throu#sales$


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DFSS

Desi#n !or Si% Si#ma&

-represents a structured approach to producdevelopment and a set o! tools and methodo

!or ensurin# that #oods and services will mecustomer needs and achieve per!ormanceo"ectives' and that the processes used to madeliver them achieve hi#h levels o! (uality$


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The Four Principal Activities of

•

Concept Development • Detailed Desi#n

• Desi#n )ptimi*ation

• Desi#n +eri!ication


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DMAD

-is a process wherein the principal activities DFSS are o!ten incorporated$ DM,D+ stand

• De!ine

• Measure

• ,naly*e• Desi#n

•+eri!y


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Concept Development an

!nnovation


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Concept Development

-is the process o! applyin# scienti!ic'en#ineerin#' and "usiness knowled#e produce a "asic !unctional desi#n thameets "oth customer needs and

manu!acturin# or service deliveryre(uirements$ Developin# new concepre(uires innovation and creativity


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!nnovation

- Involves the adoption o! an idea' protechnolo#y' product' or "usiness modis either new or new to its proposedapplication$


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Creativit"

- Is seein# thin#s in new or novel way)ne creativity tool that !inds e%tensiv

in product desi#n is TRIZ. It is a .

acronym which stands !or heory o Inventive Pro"lem Solvin#


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Detailed Design


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Detailed Design

- Focuses on esta"lishin# technicalre(uirements and speci!ications' whrepresent the transition !rom a desiconcept to a produci"le desi#n' whi

ensurin# that it can "e producedeconomically' e!!iciently' and with h(uality$


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A#iomatic Design

- , methodolo#y developed "y Dr$ 1a Suh !rom MI2 it is "ased on the prethat #ood desi#n is #overned "y lawsimilar to those in natural science$


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T$o A#ioms %overn the Design Pr

•

Independence ,%iom• In!ormation ,%iom


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'FD

34uality Function Development

, power!ul tool !or esta"lishin# techn

desi#n re(uirements that meet customneeds and deployin# them in su"se(u production activities$


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'FD(s H)*SES )F '*A+!T

-are linked matri%es' used "y 4FD' toensure that the voice o! the customer carried throu#hout the production/de process$


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S!- .AS!C STEPS !/ .*!+D!/% THE H)

'*A+!T,&

5$ Identi!y customer re(uirements6$ Identi!y technical re(uirements

7$ .elate the customer re(uirements to the techre(uirements

8$ Conduct an evaluation o! competin# produc

services 9$ Evaluate technical re(uirements and develop:$ Determine which technical re(uirements to d

the remainder o! the production/delivery pr


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Target and Tolerance Des

-are the ne%t step a!ter "asic technicare(uirements have "een esta"lished$


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MA/*FACT*R!/% SPEC!F!CAT!)

•

1ominal dimensions- he ideal dimension or the tar#et valuemanu!acturin# seeks to meet

• olerance

- he permissi"le variation' reco#ni*in#di!!iculty o! meetin# a tar#et consisten


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THE 0 M(s

•

Men and women• Materials

• Machines

• Methods• Measurement


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Tolerance Design

- Involves determinin# the permissi"lvariation in a dimension$


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The Taguchi +oss Functio

-!ormulated "y a ;apanese en#ineerGenichi a#uchi$


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The Taguchi +oss Functio


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DES!%/ F)R RE+!A.!+!T


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Relia1ilit"

!ormally defined as "the probability thproduct# piece of e$uipment# or systemperforms its intended function for a stperiod of time under specified operati

conditions.


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Relia1ilit"

Inherent Reliability – the predictereliability determined by the design ofproduct or process%

Achieved Reliability – the actualreliability observed during use.

THE 2 !MP)RTA/T E+EME/TS )F


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THE 2 !MP)RTA/T E+EME/TS )F

RE+!A.!+!T,

5$ Pro"a"ility

6$ ime 7$ Per!ormance - !ailure can occur when e%pe

o! per!ormance o! the intended !unction are nhere are two types o! !ailures functional fwherein there is a !actory de!ect or !aultycomponent2 and reliability failure: whicha!ter some period o! use$

8$ )peratin# conditions


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Mathematics of Relia1ili


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Ha3ard Function

,n instantaneous !ailure rate over tim It is use!ul !or characteri*in# !ailure rcurve when the distri"ution o! !ailurecharacteri*ed "y di!!erent pro"a"ilitydistri"utions than the e%ponential$


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DES!%/ )PT!M!4AT!)/


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Ro1ust Design

.e!ers to desi#nin# #oods and serviceare insensitive to variation inmanu!acturin# process and whenconsumers use them$


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DFMEA

3Desi#n Failure Mode and E!!ects ,n

ool !or proactively addressin# produ

risks$

DFMEA(s SPEC!F!CAT!)/S F)R EACH D


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DFMEA s SPEC!F!CAT!)/S F)R EACH D

E+EME/T )R F*/CT!)/&

•

Failure modes• E!!ect o! the !ailure on the consume

• Severity' likelihood o! occurrence' adetection ratin#

• Potential causes o! !ailure

• Corrective actions or controls


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FTA

3Fault ree ,nalysis&

Sometimes called =Cause and E!!ect ree ,nalysis>

, method to descri"e com"inations o!conditions or events that can lead to a !a

D


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DFM

3Desi#n !or Manu!actura"ility&

he process o! desi#nin# a product !o

e!!icient production at the hi#hest lev(uality$

DFE


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DFE

3Desi#n-For-Environment&

he e%plicit consideration o! environm

concerns durin# the desi#n o! produc processes' and includes such practicesdesi#nin# !or recycla"ility and disass

DF-


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DF-

3Desi#n !or E%cellence&

,n emer#in# concept that includes mandesi#n-related initiatives such as concur

en#ineerin#' desi#n !or manu!actura"ildesi#n !or assem"ly' desi#n !or environand other =desi#n !or> approaches$

ACT!!T!ES )F DF-


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ACT!!T!ES )F DF-

• Constantly thinkin# in terms o! how one can desi#n

manu!acture products "etter' not ust solvin# or pre pro"lems• Focusin# on =thin#s done ri#ht> rather than =thin#s

wron#> • De!inin# customer e%pectations and #oin# "eyond th

ust "arely meetin# them or ust matchin# the comp• )ptimi*in# desira"le !eatures or results' not ust

incorporatin# them• Minimi*in# the overall cost without compromisin# (

!unction

D i R i


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Design Revie$

,n approach o!ten used to !acilitate product development$ Its main purpostimulate discussion' raise (uestions' #enerate new ideas and solutions to h

desi#ners anticipate pro"lems "e!ore occur$

5 STA%ES )F DES!%/ RE!E6


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5 STA%ES )F DES!%/ RE!E6

• Preliminary

• Intermediate

• Final


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chapter 7 finace

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