Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Fundamentals of

Anatomy & PhysiologySIXTH EDITION

Frederic H

. Martini

PowerPoint® Lecture Slide Presentation prepared by Dr. Kathleen A. Ireland, Biology Instructor, Seabury Hall, Maui, Hawaii

Chapter 6, part 3

Osseous Tissue and Skeletal Structure

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SECTION 6-5 The Dynamic Nature of Bone

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• Remodeling

• Exercise

• Hormone levels

• Growth hormone and thyroxine increase bone mass

• Calcitonin and PTH control blood calcium levels

continually changing

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Figure 6.12 A Chemical Analysis of Bone

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• 99% body’s calcium in the skeleton

• Calcium ion concentration maintained by bones GI tract and kidneys

• Calcitonin and PTH regulate blood calcium levels

• Calcitonin decreases blood calcium levels

• PTH increases blood calcium levels

The skeleton is a calcium reserve

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Figure 6.13 Factors that Alter the Concentration of Calcium Ions in Body Fluids

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Figure 6.13 Factors that Alter the Concentration of Calcium Ions in Body Fluids

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• Fracture hematoma

• External callus

• Internal callus

Fracture repair

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Figure 6.14 Steps in the Repair of a Fracture

Figure 6.14

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SECTION 6-6 Bone Markings (Surface Features)

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• Are characteristic for each bone and each individual

• Markings include

• Elevations

• Projections

• Depressions

• Grooves and tunnels

Bone markings

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SECTION 6-7 Aging and the Skeletal System

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• Osteopenia

• Osteoporosis

Effects of aging include

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Figure 6.16 The Effects of Osteoporosis

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You should now be familiar with:

• The functions of the skeletal system.

• Bones and their major markings.

• Cell types in bone and their functions.

• Spongy and compact bone.

• Intramembranous and endochondral ossification.

• The effects of nutrition, hormones, exercise and aging on the bones.

• The types of fractures.