Chapter 5 Climate and Biodiversity

General information on books can be reviewed at websites such as

amazon.com.

Abell, Robin A., et al. 1999. Freshwater Ecoregions of the United States.

Washington, D. C.: Island Press.

Aber, John, and Jerry Melito. 2001. Terrestrial Ecosystems. 2nd ed.

Belmont, Calif.: Brooks/Cole

Ahrens, C. Donald. 2002. Meteorology Today: An Introduction to Weather,

Climate, and the Environment. 8th ed. Belmont, Calif.: Brooks/Cole.

Akin, Wallace E. 1991. Global Patterns: Climate, Vegetation, and Soils.

Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.

Allan, J. David, and Maria M. Castillo. 2007. Stream Ecology: Structure

and Functioning of Running Waters. 2nd ed. New York: Springer.

Allan, Nigel J. R., and Gregory W. Knapp 1993. Human Impact on

Mountains. Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield.

Allsop, Michelle, et al. 2007. Oceans in Peril: Protecting Marine

Biodiversity (Worldwatch Report 174). Washington, D. C. Worldwatch

Institute.

Amato, et al. 2006. “New Evidence for a Relationship Between Atlantic

Tropical Cyclone Activity and African Dust Outbreaks.” Geophysical

Research Letters, vol. 33.

American Museum of Natural History: Resources for Learning.

http://www.amnh.org/education/resources/rfl.php?

set=b&intro=true&topic_id=1

Annenberg/CPB. Weather: What Forces Affect Our Weather.

http://www.learner.org/exhibits/weather/

Attenborough, David, et al. 1997. The Atlas of the Living World. 2nd ed.

London.: Marshall Editions.

Bailey, Robert G. 1998. Ecoregions: The Ecosystem Geography of the

Oceans and Continents. New York: Springer-Verlag.

Bailey, Robert G., and Lev Roses. 2002. Ecoregion-Based Design for

Sustainability. New York: Springer-Verlag.

Barbour, Michael G., and William D. Billings, eds. 1999. North American

Terrestrial Vegetation. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Barry, R. G., et al. 2003. Atmosphere, Weather, and Climate. 8th ed.

London: Routledge.

Beatley, Timothy, et al. 2002. An Introduction to Coastal Zone

Management. 2nd ed. Washington, D. C.: Island Press.

Beattie, Andrew, and Paul Ehrlich. 2004. Wild Solutions: How

Biodiversity is Money in the Bank. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University

Press.

Beer, Tom. 1996. Environmental Oceanography. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, Fla.:

CRC.

Benke, Arthur C., and Colbert E. Cushing. 2005. The Rivers of North

America. New York: Academic Press.

Bhatt, S. D., and R. K. Pande, eds. 1992. Ecology of Mountain Waters.

New Delhi, India: South Asian Press.

Birkeland, Charles. 2004. “Ratcheting Down the Coral Reefs.” BioScience,

vol. 54, no 11, 1021.

Bolen, Eric G., and Tamara R. Sayre. 1998. Ecology of North America.

Hoboken, N. J.: Wiley.

Bonnicksen, Thomas M. 2000. America's Ancient Forests: From the Ice

Age to the Age of Discovery. Hoboken, N. J.: Wiley.

Bourne, J. 2000. “Louisiana’s Vanishing Wetlands: Going, Going.”

Science, vol. 289, 1860-1863.

Bower, Joe. 2003. “Here Today, Gone Tomorrow (Seasonal Wetlands).”

Audubon, March 29.

http://magazine.audubon.org/truenature/truenature0303.html

Bronmark, Christer, and Lars-Anders Hansson. 2005. The Biology of

Lakes and Ponds. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press.

Brown, Barbara E., and John C. Ogden. 1993. "Coral Bleaching,"

Scientific American, January 64.

Brown, David E., et al. 1998. A Classification of North American Biotic

Communities. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.

Brown, James K. M., Mogens S. Hovmoller. 2002. “Aerial Dispersal of

Pathogens on the Global and Continental Scales and Its Impact on Plant

Disease.” Science, vol. 297, July 26, 537.

Buchheim, Jason. 1998. Odyssey Expeditions, “Coral Bleaching.”

http://www.marinebiology.org/coralbleaching.htm

Campbell. Craig S., and Michael Ogden. 1999. Constructed Wetlands in

the Sustainable Landscape. Hoboken, N. J.: Wiley.

Center for Ocean-Atmosphere Prediction Studies (COAPS). Climate and

Ocean Interactions.

http://www.exploratorium.edu/climate/hydrosphere/index.html

Changnon, Stanley A., ed. 2000. El Nino 1997-1998: The Climate Event of

the Century. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.

Chapin, F. Stuart, et al. 2004. Principles of Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology.

New York: Springer Verlag.

Cook, L. M. 1991. Genetic and Ecological Diversity. New York: Chapman

& Hall.

CORIS: NOAA’S Coral Reef Information System.

http://www.coris.noaa.gov/

Couper, Alastair, ed. 1989. The Times Atlas and Encyclopedia of the Sea.

Rev. ed. New York: HarperCollins.

Cushing, Colbert E. and J. David Allan. 2001. Streams: Their Ecology

and Life. New York: Academic Press.

Daiber, Franklin C. 1986. Conservation of Tidal Marshes. New York: Van

Nostrand Reinhold.

Dean, Cornelia. 2001 Against the Tide: The Battle for America's Beaches.

Rev. ed. New York: Columbia University Press.

Denniston, Derek. 1995. High Priorities: Conserving Mountain Ecosystems

and Cultures. Washington, D. C.: Worldwatch Institute.

Dodds, Walter K. 2002. Freshwater Ecology: Concepts and Environmental

Applications. New York: Academic Press.

Dugan, Patrick, ed. 1993. Wetlands in Danger: A World Conservation

Atlas. New York: Oxford University Press.

Dust Storms. Satellite Views. http://www.osei.noaa.gov/Events/Dust/

Dyer, K. 1998. Estuaries: A Physical Introduction. 2nd ed. Hoboken, N. J.:

Wiley.

Earle, Sylvia. 1996. Sea Change: A Message of the Oceans. New York:

Ballantine Books.

Earle, Sylvia. 2001. National Geographic Atlas of the Ocean: The Deep

Frontier. Washington, D. C.: National Geographic Society.

Earle, Sylvia, and Henry Wolcott. 1999. Wild Ocean: America’s Parks

Under the Sea. Washington, D. C.: National Geographic.

Earth From Space. http://earth.jsc.nasa.gov/sseop/efs/

Edmonson, W. T. 1991. The Uses of Ecology: Lake Washington and

Beyond. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Envirolink: The Online Environmental Community: Ecosystems

http://www.envirolink.org/topics.html?

topicsku=2002109191029&topic=Ecosystems&topictype=topic

Envirolink: The Online Environmental Community: Oceans.

http://www.envirolink.org/topics.html?

topicsku=2002119151205&topic=Oceans&topictype=topic

Environmental Literacy Council.

http://www.enviroliteracy.org/category.php/14.html

Exploratorium. How Scientists Study Global Climate Change.

http://www.exploratorium.edu/climate/index.html

Exploratorium. Hydrosphere.

http://www.exploratorium.edu/climate/hydrosphere/index.html

Exploring the Seasons. http://www.astronomy.org/programs/seasons/

Fisheries and Oceans Canada. http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/home-

accueil_e.htm

Fothergill, Alastair. 2007. Planet Earth As You Have Never Seen It Before.

Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press.

Freudenrich, Craig C. How Barrier Islands Work.

http://www.howstuffworks.com/barrier-.htm

Funnell, D. C. 2001. Mountain Environments and Communities. London:

Routledge.

Garrison, Tom S. 2003. Essentials of Oceanography. 4th ed. Belmont,

Calif.: Brooks/Cole.

Garrison, Tom S. 2006. Oceanography: An Introduction to Marine

Science. 4th ed. Belmont, Calif.: Brooks/Cole.

Garrison, Virginia H., et al. 2003. “African and Asian Dust: From Desert

Soils to Coral Reefs.” BioScience, vol. 53, no. 5, 469.

http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/aibs/bio/2003/00000053/00000005/

art00008

Gaston, Kevin J., and John I. Spicer. Biodiversity: An Introduction. 2nd ed.

Hoboken, N. J.: Wiley.

Gates, David M. 1980. Biophysical Ecology. New York: Springer-Verlag.

Geerts, Bart. 1997. Climate and Weather Explained. London: Routledge.

Geosphere Imagery. Images of the Earth.

http://www.geosphere.com/imagery.html

Giller, Paul S., and Bjorn Malmgvist. The Biology of Rivers and Streams.

New York: Oxford University Press.

Glantz, Michael H., ed. 2002. La Nina and Its Impacts: Facts and

Speculation. New York: United Nations.

Globio: Mapping Human Impacts on the Biosphere.

http://www.globio.info/

Goldman, C., and A. Horne. 1994. Limnology. Columbus, Ohio: McGraw-

Hill.

Goldsmith, Edward, et al. 1990. Imperiled Planet: Restoring Our

Endangered Ecosystems. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.

Golley, Frank B., ed. 1983. Tropical Rain Forest Ecosystems: Structure

and Function. New York: Elsevier.

Gordon, N. T., et al. 2004. Stream Hydrology: An Introduction for

Ecologists. 2nd ed. Hoboken. N. J. : Wiley.

Griffin, Dale W., et al. 2002. “The Global Transport of Dust.” American

Scientist, vol. 90, 228.

http://www.americanscientist.org/articles/02articles/Griffin.html

Groombridge, Brian, and Martin D. Jenkins. 2002. World Atlas of

Biodiversity: Earth’s Living Resources in the 21st Century. Berkeley:

University of California Press.

Haines-Young, Roy, David R. Green, and Steven Cousins, eds. 1993.

Landscape Ecology and Geographic Information Systems. London: Taylor

& Francis.

Hare, Tony, ed. 1994. Habitats. New York: Macmillan.

Harrison, Robert P. 1992. Forests: The Shadow of Civilization. Chicago,

Ill.: University of Chicago Press.

Harte, John. 1996. The Green Fuse: An Ecological Odyssey. Berkeley:

University of California Press.

Hauer, F. Richard, and Gary A. Lamberti, eds. 2006. Methods in Stream

Ecology, 2nd ed. New York: Academic Press.

Hinrichsen, Don. 1997. "Coral Reefs in Crisis." BioScience, vol. 47, no. 9,

554.

Hinrichsen, Don, and Stephen Olsen. 2001. Coastal Waters of the World:

Trends, Threats, and Strategies. Washington, D. C.: Island Press.

H. John Heinz III Center for Science, Economics, and the Environment.

2002 (With Annual Online Updates). The Nation’s Ecosystems:

Measuring the Land, Waters, Rivers, and Living Resources of the United

States. New York: Cambridge University Press.

http://www.heinzctr.org/ecosystems/report.html

Hodges, Skip. 2006. “Climate and the Evolution of Mountains.” Scientific

American, August, pp. 72-79.

Hoegh-Guldberg, O., et al. 2007. “Coral Reefs Under Rapid Cliamte

Change and Ocean Acidification.” Science, vol. 318, 1737-1742.

Horne, Alexander, and Charles Goldman. 1994. Limnology. 2nd ed.

Columbus, Ohio: McGraw-Hill.

Horsman, Paul. 2005. Out of the Blue: A Journey Through the World’s

Oceans. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.

Hulot, Nicolas, et al. 2006. One Planet: A Celebration of Biodiversity. New

York: Harry N. Abrams.

International Year of the Ocean.

http://www.yoto98.noaa.gov/facts/resource.htm

Irwin, Francis, and Janet Ranganathan. 2007. Restoring Nature ‘s

Capital: An Action Agenda to Sustain Ecosystem Services. World Resources

Institute. http://www.wri.org/publication/restoring-natures-capital

Jeffries, Michael, et al. 1995. Freshwater Ecology: Principles and

Applications. Hoboken, N. J.: Wiley.

Jensen, J. R. 2000. Remote Sensing of the Environment. Upper Saddle

River, N. J.: Prentice Hall.

Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission.

Topographic Images of the Earth. http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/srtm/

Kaiser, Michael J. et al. 2007. Marine Ecology: Processes, Systems, and

Impacts. New York: Oxford University Press.

Keddy, Paul A. 2000. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation. New

York: Cambridge University Press.

Korner, C., et al., eds. 2002. Mountain Biodiversity: A Global Assessment.

Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC.

Kusler, Jon A., et al. 1994. "Wetlands." Scientific American, January 6.

Lewis, William M., Jr. 2001. Wetlands Explained: Wetland Science,

Policy, and Politics in America. New York: Oxford University Press.

Living Edens. http://www.pbs.org/edens/

Lombolino, Mark V., et al. 2005. Biogeography. 3rd ed. Sunderland, Mass.:

Sinauer.

MacArthur, Robert H. 1972. Geographical Ecology. New York:

HarperCollins.

MacDonald, Glenn. 2003. Biogeography: Introduction to Space, Time, and

Life. Hoboken, N. J.: Wiley.

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. 2005. Ecosystems and Human Well-

Being. General Synthesis. Washington, D. C.: Island Press.

http://www.millenniumassessment.org/en/Synthesis.aspx and

http://www.millenniumassessment.org/documents/document.356.aspx.pdf

and http://www.greenfacts.org/en/ecosystems/

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. 2005. Ecosystems and Human Well-

Being. Biodiversity Synthesis. Washington, D. C.: Island Press.

http://www.millenniumassessment.org/documents/document.354.aspx.pdf

and http://www.greenfacts.org/en/biodiversity/index.htm

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. 2005. Ecosystems and Human Well-

Being. Vol. 1, Current State and Trends. Washington, D. C.: Island Press.

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. 2005. Ecosystems and Human Well-

Being. Vol. 2, Scenarios. Washington, D. C.: Island Press.

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. 2005. Ecosystems and Human Well-

Being. Vol. 3, Policy Responses. Washington, D. C.: Island Press.

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. 2005. Ecosystems and Human Well-

Being. Vol. 4, Multiscale Assessments. Washington, D. C.: Island Press.

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. 2005. Ecosystems and Human Well-

Being. Vol. 5, Our Human Planet: Summary for Decision Makers.

Washington, D. C.: Island Press.

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. 2005. Ecosystems and Human Well-

Being: Wetlands and Water Synthesis.

http://www.millenniumassessment.org/documents/document.358.aspx.pdf

Mistry, J. 2000. World Savannas. Upper Saddle River, N. J.: Prentice Hall.

Mitsch, W. J., ed. 2005. Wetland Creation, Restoration, and Conservation:

The State of Science. New York: Elsevier.

Mitsch, William J., and James G. Gosselink. 2007. Wetlands, 4th ed.

Hoboken, N. J.: Wiley.

MODIS (NASA). Atmosphere Images. http://modis-atmos.gsfc.nasa.gov/

MODIS (NASA). Land Images. http://modis-land.gsfc.nasa.gov/

MODIS (NASA). Ocean Images. http://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/

Monterey Bay Aquarium On-Line. http://www.mbayaq.org/

Myers, Norman. 1992. The Primary Source: Tropical Forests and Our

Future. Rev ed. New York: W. W. Norton.

NASA. The Carbon Cycle.

http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Library/CarbonCycle/

NASA. Earth’s Radiation Budget.

http://shire.larc.nasa.gov/EDDOCS/radiation_facts.html

NASA. Global Hydrology & Climate Center.

http://www.ghcc.msfc.nasa.gov/ghcc_home.html

NASA. Visual Images of the Earth’s Atmosphere and Climate.

http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/Atmosphere/

Nash, J. Madeline. 2002. El Nino: Unlocking the Secrets of the Master

Weather-Maker. New York: Warner.

National Academy of Sciences. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and

Boundaries. Washington, D. C.: National Academies Press.

National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII).

http://www.nbii.gov/index.html

National Geographic. Map Machine.

http://plasma.nationalgeographic.com/mapmachine/

National Geographic. 2001. Wild World: Terrestrial Ecosystems of the

World. http://www.nationalgeographic.com/wildworld/terrestrial.html?

id=1&mapServiceName=WW_Terrecos&locWidth=120&locHeight=72&c

Minx=-60.892696&cMiny=-25.532326&cMaxx=-41.372337&cMaxy=-

4.71424500000001&size=small&detail=detailed

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

http://www.noaa.gov/

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Coral Reef

Conservation Program. http://www.coris.noaa.gov/

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Coral Reef

Information System (CORIS). http://www.coris.noaa.gov/

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Ocean.

http://www.noaa.gov/ocean.html

Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC). Clean Water and Oceans.

http://www.nrdc.org/water/conservation/atrisk/contents.asp

Niering, William A. 1991. Wetlands of North America. Legacy Words.

Nisbet, E. G. 1991. Living Earth. New York: HarperCollins.

Oceana. Protecting and Restoring the World’s Oceans.

http://www.oceana.org/

Ocean Conservancy. http://www.oceanconservancy.org/site/PageServer?

pagename=home

Oceanography. Ocean Habitats and Research.

http://www.onr.navy.mil/focus/ocean/

Oldfield, Sara. 2003. Rainforest. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.

Oliver, John E., and John J. Hidore. 2001. Climatology: An Atmospheric

Science. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, N. J.: Prentice Hall.

Olson, David M., et al. 2000. "Terrestrial Ecoregions of the World: A New

Map of Life on Earth." BioScience, vol. 51, no. 11, 933.

http://www.worldwildlife.org/science/data/terreco.cfm

Parris, Thomas M. 1998. “Blame It on El Niño: Key Websites.”

Environment, vol. 40, no. 4, 3.

Parris, Thomas M. 2000. “Space Pixels: The Next Generation of Earth

Sensing: Key Websites for Images of the Earth.” Environment, vol. 42, no.

7, 3.

People & Planet. Coasts and Oceans.

http://www.peopleandplanet.net/doc.php?id=429&section=6

People & Planet. Forests. http://www.peopleandplanet.net/doc.php?

id=1480&section=1

People & Planet. Mountains. http://www.peopleandplanet.net/doc.php?

id=966&section=11

Pernetta, John. 2000. Philip’s Atlas of the Oceans. 2nd ed. New York:

Sterling.

Pew Oceans Commission. http://www.pewoceans.org/

Pew Oceans Commission. 2004. America’s Living Oceans: Final Report.

http://www.pewoceans.org/oceans/

Pilkey, Orin H., Jr., and William J. Neal, eds. 1987. Living with the

Shore. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.

Pilkey, Orin H., Jr., et al. 1984. Coastal Design: A Guide for Builders,

Planners, & Homeowners. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

Pimentel, David, et al. 1997. "Economic and Environmental Benefits of

Biodiversity." BioScience, vol. 47, no. 11, 747.

Pimm, Stuart L. 2004. A Scientist Audits the Earth. Brunswick, N. J.:

Rutgers University Press.

Postel, Sandra L. 2005. "From the Headwaters to the Sea: The Critical

Need to Protect Freshwater Ecosystems." Environment, vol. 47, no. 10, 8-21.

Powledge, Fred. 2006. “ The Millennium Assessment.” BioScience,

November, 880-886.

Primack, Richard, and Richard Corlett. 2004. Tropical Rain Forests.

Cambridge, Mass.: Wiley-Blackwell.

Rainforest Action Network. http://www.ran.org/

Reaka-Kudla, Marjorie, Don E. Wilson, and Edward O. Wilson, eds.

1996. Biodiversity II: Understanding and Protecting Our Biological

Resources. Washington, D. C.: John Henry.

Reefbase. A Global Information System on Coral Reefs.

http://www.reefbase.org/

Reef Education Network (REN). Coral Reefs. http://www.reef.edu.au/

Ricketts, Taylor H., et al. 1999. Terrestrial Ecoregions of North America.

Washington, D. C.: Island Press.

Ryan, John C. 2002. "Dust in the Wind." World Watch, January/February,

32. http://www.worldwatch.org/system/files/EP151C.pdf

Sapp, Jan. 2003. What Is Natural? Coral Reef Crisis. New York: Oxford

University Press.

Sarkar, Sahotra. 2005. Biodiversity and Environmental Philosophy. New

York: Cambridge University Press.

Scientific Errors About the Greenhouse Effect.

http://www.ems.psu.edu/~fraser/Bad/BadGreenhouse.html

Seager, Richard. 2006. “The Source of Europe’s Mild Climate.” American

Scientist, vol. 94, 334-341.

http://www.americanscientist.org/template/AssetDetail/assetid/51963?

fulltext=true&print=yes

SeaWeb. http://www.seaweb.org/

Scripps Institution of Oceanography. http://www.sio.ucsd.edu/

Simon, Noel. 1995. Nature in Danger: Threatened Habitats and Species.

New York: Oxford University Press.

Smith, Stephen V, et al. 2003. “Humans, Hydrology, and the Distribution

of Inorganic Nutrient Loading in the Ocean.” BioScience, vol. 53, no. 3, 235.

Smithsonian Institution Exhibition. Ocean Planet.

http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/ocean_planet.html

Spalding, Mark D., et al. 2001. World Atlas of Coral Reefs. Berkeley:

University of California Press.

Stevenson, Robert F., and Frank H. Talbot. 1994. Oceans. Emmaus, Pa.:

Rodale.

Summerhays, Soames. 2002. “Rescuing Reefs in Hot Water.” Nature

Conservancy, Fall, 23.

Suzuki, David T., et al. 2005. From Naked Ape to Superspecies: Humanity

and the Global EcoCrisis. Vancouver, B. C., Canada: Greystone.

Tapponier, Paul, and Kevin King. 2006. Mountains: Masterworks of the

Living Earth. New York: Harry N. Abrams.

Teal, John, and Mildred Teal. 1991. Life and Death of a Salt Marsh. New

York: Ballantine.

Terborgh John. 2004. Requiem for Nature. Washington, D. C.: Island

Press.

Terraserver. Aerial and Satellite Earth Photos.

http://www.terraserver.microsoft.com/

Thorne-Miller, Boyce. 1999. The Living Ocean: Understanding and

Protecting Marine Biodiversity. 2nd ed. Washington, D. C.: Island Press.

Topographic Maps of the United States. http://www.topozone.com/

Trujillo, Alan P., and Harold V. Thurman. 2007. Introductory

Oceanography, 9th ed. Upper Saddle River, N. J.: Prentice Hall.

Tudge, Colin. 1991. The Environment of Life. New York: Oxford

University Press.

Turner, B. L., et al., eds. 1993. The Earth as Transformed by Human

Action: Global and Regional Changes in the Biosphere Over the Last 300

Years. New York: Cambridge University Press.

UC Berkeley World Vegetation Maps.

http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/EART/vegmaps.html

United Nations. Atlas of the Oceans.

http://www.oceansatlas.org/index.jsp

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). World Atlas of

Biodiversity. http://stort.unep-wcmc.org/imaps/gb2002/book/viewer.htm

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). 2007. Global

Environmental Outlook 4. Biodiversity.

http://www.unep.org/geo/geo4/report/05_Biodiversity.pdf

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). 2002. Global

Environment Outlook 3. Coastal and Marine Areas.

http://www.unep.org/GEO/geo3/english/313.htm

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). 2007. Global

Environment Outlook 4. Land.

http://www.unep.org/geo/geo4/report/03_Land.pdf

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). 2007. Global

Environment Outlook 4. Water.

http://www.unep.org/geo/geo4/report/04_Water.pdf

University of Illinois, Department of Atmospheric Sciences. The

Hydrologic Cycle.

http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/hyd/home.rxml

University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, Department of Geography and

Geology. 2004. Climatology and Meteorology Resources.

http://www.uwsp.edu/geo/internet/climate.html

Upgren, Arthur, and Jurgen Stock. 2001. Weather: How It Works and

Why It Matters. New York: Perseus.

USA Today. Weather Graphic Index”

http://www.usatoday.com/weather/wgraph0.htm

USA Today. Understanding Weather Forecasting.

http://www.usatoday.com/weather/wforcst0.htm

USA Today. Resources: El Niño and La Niña

http://www.usatoday.com/weather/resources/basics/wnino0.htm

USA Today. Understanding Winds and Jet Streams

http://www.usatoday.com/weather/wwind0.htm

U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy. 2004. Developing a National Ocean

Policy. Preliminary Report.

http://oceancommission.gov/documents/welcome.html

U.S. Department of the Interior, National Biological Service. 1995. Our

Living Resources: A Report to the Nation on the Distribution, Abundance,

and Health of U.S. Plants, Animals, and Ecosystems.

http://biology.usgs.gov/s+t/index.htm

U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Oceans, Coasts, &

Estuaries. http://www.epa.gov/owowwtr1/oceans/

U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Water.

http://www.epa.gov/water/

U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Wetlands.

http://www.epa.gov/owow/wetlands/

U.S. Geological Survey. 2004. Global Land Cover Characterization. Map

http://edcdaac.usgs.gov/glcc/glcc.asp

U.S. Global Change Research Program. Land Use/Land Cover Change.

http://www.usgcrp.gov/usgcrp/ProgramElements/land.htm

Valiela, Ivan, et al. 2001. "Mangrove Forests: One of the World’s

Threatened Major Tropical Environments." BioScience, vol. 51, no. 10, 807.

van der Valk, Arnold. 2006. The Biology of Freshwater Wetlands. New

York: Oxford University Press.

Vileisis, Ann. 1999. Discovering the Unknown Landscape: A History of

America's Wetlands. Washington, D. C.: Island Press.

Wallace, David Rains. 2007. Neptune’s Ark: From Ichthyosaurs to Orcas.

Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press.

Water on the Web. http://waterontheweb.org/aboutus/index.html

Water on the Web. Lake Ecology Primer.

http://waterontheweb.org/under/lakeecology/12_producers.html

Weber, Michael L., and Judith A. Gradwohl. 1995. The Wealth of

Oceans: Environment and Development on Our Ocean Planet. New York:

W. W. Norton.

Weber, Peter. 1993. Abandoned Seas: Reversing the Decline of the Oceans.

Washington, D. C.: Worldwatch Institute.

Weigel, Marlene, ed. 1999. Encyclopedia of Biomes. Farmington Hills,

Michigan: UXL.

Wells, Sue, and Nick Hanna. 1992. The Greenpeace Book of Coral Reefs.

New York: Sterling.

Wetzel, Robert G. 2001. Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems. 3rd ed.

New York: Academic Press.

Whitford, Walter. 2002. Ecology of Desert Systems. New York: Academic

Press.

Whitmore, T. C. 1999. An Introduction to Tropical Rain Forests. 2nd ed.

New York: Oxford University Press.

Whitty, Julia. 2006. “The Fate of the Ocean.” Mother Jones, March-April,

32-48.

Wildlife Conservation Society. The Human Footprint.

http://www.wcs.org/sw-high_tech_tools/landscapeecology/humanfootprint

WildWorld. Interactive maps of the worlds terrestrial and aquatic

ecosystems.

http://www.nationalgeographic.com/wildworld/terrestrial.html

Williams, Jack. Frequently Asked Questions: Weather. USA Today.

http://www.usatoday.com/weather/resources/askjack/wfaq0.htm

Williams, Jack. Frequently Asked Questions: El Niño and La Niña. USA

Today. http://www.usatoday.com/weather/resources/askjack/wfaqenfx.htm

Williams, Jack. 1997. The Weather Book. 2nd ed. New York: Random

House (Vintage).

Wilson, E. O., ed. 1988. Biodiversity. Washington, D. C.: National

Academies Press.

Wilson, Edward O. 1994. The Diversity of Life. New York: Penguin.

Wilson, Edward O. 2002. The Future of Life. New York: Knopf.

Wohl, Ellen. 2004. Disconnected Rivers: Linking Rivers to Landscapes.

New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.

Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL). http://www.mbl.edu/

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. http://www.whoi.edu/

Woods Hole Research Center. http://www.whrc.org/

World Resources Institute. Earth Trends: The Environmental Information

Portal. http://earthtrends.wri.org/

World’s Biomes.

http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu//glossary/gloss5/biome/index.html

Worldwatch Institute. Freshwater Ecosystems.

http://www.worldwatch.org/topics/nature/freshwater/

Worldwatch Institute. Oceans.

http://www.worldwatch.org/topics/nature/ocean/

World Wildlife Fund (WWF). Endangered Seas Programme.

http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/what_we_do/marine/index.cfmWorld

Wildlife Fund (WWF). The Living Planet Report. Published every two

years.

http://www.panda.org/news_facts/publications/living_planet_report/

index.cfm

World Wildlife Fund (WWF). Living Waters Programme.

http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/what_we_do/freshwater/index.cfm