chapter 5 the world of work. career planning are you ready for the world of work?? are you ready for...

ChApTeR 5ChApTeR 5

The World of WorkThe World of Work

Career PlanningCareer Planning

Are you ready for the world of Are you ready for the world of work??work??

Have you thought about what career Have you thought about what career you would like to pursue after you you would like to pursue after you graduate?graduate?

Do you know what types of jobs can Do you know what types of jobs can help you reach your goal?help you reach your goal?

NOW is the time to begin thinking NOW is the time to begin thinking more seriously about your career more seriously about your career options.options.

How to get started in planning a How to get started in planning a career…career…

Start by evaluating yourself.Start by evaluating yourself. What interests you?What interests you? What do you do well?What do you do well? Then you gather career information Then you gather career information

through different sources and through different sources and explore options that interest you.explore options that interest you.

Understanding Career Understanding Career PlanningPlanning

What is difference between job What is difference between job and career?and career?

JobJob- whatever you do to earn a - whatever you do to earn a livingliving

CareerCareer- a series of jobs you hold - a series of jobs you hold over a period of years, often in over a period of years, often in the same or related field.the same or related field.

Career PlanningCareer Planning

Through career planning, each Through career planning, each job you have will help you job you have will help you prepare for your career goal.prepare for your career goal.

Career focused planning in high Career focused planning in high school will help you gain insights school will help you gain insights into the skills and education into the skills and education needed for the career of your needed for the career of your choice.choice.

Interests, Aptitudes, & Interests, Aptitudes, & AbilitiesAbilities

Yours InterestsYours Interests Interests- all the activities you like to doInterests- all the activities you like to do

What do you enjoy doing most? How do you spend What do you enjoy doing most? How do you spend your free time? What hobbies do you like? What your free time? What hobbies do you like? What subject interests you?subject interests you?

Activities performance inventory: A test designed to Activities performance inventory: A test designed to help you determine if you prefer working with help you determine if you prefer working with people, objects, or ideas. MOST jobs fit into one of people, objects, or ideas. MOST jobs fit into one of these areas. (This is usually given by a school these areas. (This is usually given by a school counselor.)counselor.)


If the inventory shows you enjoy working If the inventory shows you enjoy working with people. You might like a career in with people. You might like a career in sales, social work, teaching, or nursing.sales, social work, teaching, or nursing.

If you enjoy working with objects and tools, If you enjoy working with objects and tools, you might enjoy constructing buildings, you might enjoy constructing buildings, sewing, or operating office or laboratory sewing, or operating office or laboratory equipment.equipment.

If you enjoy planning or evaluating projects If you enjoy planning or evaluating projects more than actually doing them, you enjoy more than actually doing them, you enjoy working with ideas. Then a career in working with ideas. Then a career in research, marketing, or publishing might be research, marketing, or publishing might be best for you.best for you.


Aptitude- your natural talent and your Aptitude- your natural talent and your potential for learning.potential for learning. When you have an aptitude for a certain skill, When you have an aptitude for a certain skill,

you can learn the skill easily and perform it well.you can learn the skill easily and perform it well. Aptitudes are often related to job success. Aptitudes are often related to job success.

If you have a natural talent for writing, you If you have a natural talent for writing, you have a good chance for success in a have a good chance for success in a journalism career.journalism career.

Aptitudes are often tested in school. The Aptitudes are often tested in school. The results will indicate your strong areas. That results will indicate your strong areas. That information will give you an idea of the information will give you an idea of the kinds of careers in which you have the best kinds of careers in which you have the best chance for success. chance for success.


Abilities- your powers to Abilities- your powers to perform. They are your skills in perform. They are your skills in doing tasks.doing tasks.

You develop your abilities You develop your abilities through training and practicing.through training and practicing.

Developing an ability to perform Developing an ability to perform a task is easier if you have an a task is easier if you have an interest and an aptitude.interest and an aptitude.


Interests, Aptitudes, and Abilites Interests, Aptitudes, and Abilites are interrelated.are interrelated.

When considered together, they When considered together, they help indicate several possible help indicate several possible career choices that would suite career choices that would suite you well.you well.

Career Information ResourcesCareer Information Resources

Talk with peopleTalk with people People are valuable sources of People are valuable sources of

career informationcareer information Talking with family, friends, and Talking with family, friends, and

neighbors in the working world neighbors in the working world will help you learn about their will help you learn about their jobs.jobs.

Career Information ResourcesCareer Information Resources

Use library resourcesUse library resources Most libraries are rich sources of Most libraries are rich sources of

career information.career information. Search books and online Search books and online

databases using careers, jobs, or databases using careers, jobs, or vocations as the key wordsvocations as the key words

Exploring Careers in Family and Exploring Careers in Family and Consumer ScienceConsumer Science

The field of family and consumer The field of family and consumer science is devoted to improving the science is devoted to improving the quality of individual and family life. quality of individual and family life.

Careers in these fields are often Careers in these fields are often divided into six smaller groups divided into six smaller groups according to subject matter. They according to subject matter. They are as follows:are as follows:

Child development and family relationsChild development and family relations Foods, nutrition, and hospitalityFoods, nutrition, and hospitality Money, management and consumerismMoney, management and consumerism Textiles and clothingTextiles and clothing Housing and interior designHousing and interior design Education and communicationEducation and communication

Your education choicesYour education choices

As you learn more about various As you learn more about various careers, you should consider the careers, you should consider the type and amount of education type and amount of education and training needed.and training needed.

Most jobs require extra training Most jobs require extra training and education after high school.and education after high school.

Sources of EducationSources of Education

Job shadowingJob shadowing- gives students - gives students knowledge of a particular career knowledge of a particular career area through a one-day visit to a area through a one-day visit to a job. The student accompanies job. The student accompanies an experienced person to work an experienced person to work and observes that person’s and observes that person’s activities. activities.


Some high school programs Some high school programs provide students with actual job provide students with actual job experience in their respective experience in their respective fields of interest. These are fields of interest. These are called called work-based learningwork-based learning programs. The programs programs. The programs combine classroom instruction combine classroom instruction with with on-the-jobon-the-job experience. experience.


Work based learning programs Work based learning programs include the following:include the following: Cooperative education-Cooperative education- often often

called co-op, prepares students called co-op, prepares students for an occupation immediately for an occupation immediately after high school through a paid after high school through a paid job experience.job experience.

Apprenticeship- Apprenticeship- programs provide programs provide training for a skilled trade.training for a skilled trade.


Tech Prep-Tech Prep- Combines two years Combines two years of high school courses with two of high school courses with two years of postsecondary years of postsecondary education.education.

InternshipInternship- offers paid or unpaid - offers paid or unpaid work experience to learn about work experience to learn about a job or industry.a job or industry.


A person who knows how to do A person who knows how to do a job and teaches the student to a job and teaches the student to do it well is called a do it well is called a mentormentor. This . This person often answers the person often answers the students day-to-day questions.students day-to-day questions.

Career Preparation after Career Preparation after high Schoolhigh School Professional Schools-Professional Schools- offer offer

training in a specialized fieldtraining in a specialized field Community colleges-Community colleges- offer skills offer skills

training or comprehensive training or comprehensive programsprograms

Other factors affecting your career Other factors affecting your career choicechoice

Your lifestyle-Your lifestyle- How will your How will your career affect the way you live?career affect the way you live?

Potential Income-Potential Income- How much How much money do you want to earn?money do you want to earn?

Working Conditions-Working Conditions- Are there Are there environmental conditions to environmental conditions to which you would object?which you would object?

Career PlanCareer Plan

A list of steps to follow to achieve a A list of steps to follow to achieve a career goal is called a career plan. career goal is called a career plan. You would take a step every few You would take a step every few years of your life, identifying the years of your life, identifying the following for each step:following for each step: Job experienceJob experience Education and trainingEducation and training Extracurricular and volunteer activitiesExtracurricular and volunteer activities

Mapping a career plan on paper Mapping a career plan on paper helps a person develop a course of helps a person develop a course of action and stick to it.action and stick to it.

Finding Job OpeningsFinding Job Openings

PeoplePeople SchoolsSchools Want AdsWant Ads InternetInternet Employment AgenciesEmployment Agencies Direst Contact- Direst Contact- if wanting to work for a certain if wanting to work for a certain

company, contact the head of the company or personnel director.company, contact the head of the company or personnel director.

Applying for a JobApplying for a Job

Before you apply for any job, gather Before you apply for any job, gather and organize some personal and organize some personal information about yourself. information about yourself.

Your Your Personal Fact SheetPersonal Fact Sheet should should include your social security number, include your social security number, education, work experience, skills, education, work experience, skills, honors, hobbies and interests. honors, hobbies and interests.

Also list at least 3 Also list at least 3 References. References. These are people that know you well These are people that know you well and can vouch for your work. and can vouch for your work.

Filling out a Job ApplicationFilling out a Job Application

Read through the entire application Read through the entire application before you write anything on it. before you write anything on it.

Look for specific sections on how to Look for specific sections on how to fill out the form. fill out the form.

Refer to your personal fact sheet as Refer to your personal fact sheet as you complete the application. you complete the application.

Never leave a question unansweredNever leave a question unanswered Give complete and accurate Give complete and accurate

information.information.

The Job InterviewThe Job Interview

Be Prepared-Be Prepared- Do some research related to the Do some research related to the company, learn about the products it sells of the company, learn about the products it sells of the services it offers.services it offers. Be ready to answer questions the employer Be ready to answer questions the employer

must ask: “What do you know about our must ask: “What do you know about our company?” “Why do you want to work for us?”company?” “Why do you want to work for us?”

Look Your Best- Look Your Best- First impressions are important First impressions are important when you meet someone. Good looks begin with when you meet someone. Good looks begin with good grooming.good grooming.

Clothes are a major part of your appearance. Clothes are a major part of your appearance. Again, cleanliness and neatness are the key. Again, cleanliness and neatness are the key. Clothes should also be appropriate for the Clothes should also be appropriate for the occasion.occasion.


Show confidence-Show confidence- How you act is an important How you act is an important factor in any interview. You can show self factor in any interview. You can show self confidence right away by coming the interview confidence right away by coming the interview alone. If family or friends come with you, it may alone. If family or friends come with you, it may appear that you cannot handle responsibilities on appear that you cannot handle responsibilities on your own.your own.

Greet the interviewer with a firm handshake. When Greet the interviewer with a firm handshake. When you are offered a seat, sit in a comfortable position, you are offered a seat, sit in a comfortable position, but don’t slump. NEVER chew gum.but don’t slump. NEVER chew gum.

The interview is your chance to “sell” yourself. The interview is your chance to “sell” yourself. Speak positively about yourself and your Speak positively about yourself and your expectations.expectations.

If you want the job and believe you can do it, say If you want the job and believe you can do it, say so.so.


Have a positive attitude-Have a positive attitude- Your attitude tells the Your attitude tells the interviewer much about you as your words do. Try interviewer much about you as your words do. Try to express a positive, “can do” attitude. Act to express a positive, “can do” attitude. Act interested in what the interviewer is saying. Be interested in what the interviewer is saying. Be enthusiastic about the job.enthusiastic about the job.

Some interview questions can be answered with a Some interview questions can be answered with a yes or no, but others will require more complete yes or no, but others will require more complete answers. Speak slowly and clearly, using good answers. Speak slowly and clearly, using good grammar. Be completely honest, it is never to your grammar. Be completely honest, it is never to your advantage to lie.advantage to lie.

If the pay is not fixed and the salary is negotiable, If the pay is not fixed and the salary is negotiable, do not feel obligated to declare the specific pay you do not feel obligated to declare the specific pay you expect on the spot. You will want to consider all that expect on the spot. You will want to consider all that you learned about the company benefits and weigh you learned about the company benefits and weigh them accordingly.them accordingly.


At the end of the interview, you should thank the At the end of the interview, you should thank the interviewer for considering you for the job. Don’t be interviewer for considering you for the job. Don’t be disappointed if you are not offered the position right disappointed if you are not offered the position right away, in most cases, other people are being away, in most cases, other people are being interviewed for the same job.interviewed for the same job.

Before you leave you should ask the interviewer Before you leave you should ask the interviewer when a final decision will be made. They made give when a final decision will be made. They made give you a date or tell you they will contact you either you a date or tell you they will contact you either way and let you know. You may ask the interviewer way and let you know. You may ask the interviewer if you may call him/her in a few days. Either way it is if you may call him/her in a few days. Either way it is a good idea to send a follow-up letter after the a good idea to send a follow-up letter after the interview.interview.


Sending a follow-up letter- Sending a follow-up letter- A A follow-up letterfollow-up letter is a brief is a brief letter written in business form. It thanks the interviewer for letter written in business form. It thanks the interviewer for taking time to meet with you and discuss the job opening. taking time to meet with you and discuss the job opening. More importantly it reminds the interviewer of your interest More importantly it reminds the interviewer of your interest in the job.in the job.

Example: Example: Dear Mr/Mrs ____,Dear Mr/Mrs ____,

Thank you so much for taking the time to interview me Thank you so much for taking the time to interview me yesterday.yesterday.

I am excited about the possibility as working as a camp I am excited about the possibility as working as a camp counselor during the summer. My interview made me counselor during the summer. My interview made me more certain that this would be a good place for me.more certain that this would be a good place for me.

I eagerly await your decision and look forward to hearing I eagerly await your decision and look forward to hearing from you.from you.

Sincerely-Sincerely-

Creating your Own JobCreating your Own Job

Many people fulfill their career goals Many people fulfill their career goals by creating their own jobs, rather by creating their own jobs, rather than working for other people. than working for other people. EntrepreneursEntrepreneurs start and manage start and manage their own business. their own business.

They also assume ALL risks and They also assume ALL risks and responsibilities. responsibilities.

For many people entrepreneurship is For many people entrepreneurship is a rewarding and satisfying a rewarding and satisfying experince.experince.

AdvantagesAdvantages

Own bossOwn boss Make your own rulesMake your own rules Make your own scheduleMake your own schedule Can be creativeCan be creative Try new thingsTry new things Potential to make as much Potential to make as much

money as you wantmoney as you want

DisadvantagesDisadvantages

A lot of hard work and A lot of hard work and dedicationdedication

Work lots of hoursWork lots of hours Often times not a lot of profit is Often times not a lot of profit is

made in the first yearmade in the first year Often time live off savings until Often time live off savings until

the business is making moneythe business is making money If something goes wrong you If something goes wrong you

cannot blame anyone elsecannot blame anyone else

Getting StartedGetting Started

Make a list of all your interests and skills, Make a list of all your interests and skills, your business should be something you your business should be something you enjoy.enjoy.

Survey your market. Make a list of all the Survey your market. Make a list of all the people you know who might pay for the people you know who might pay for the products or services you offer. products or services you offer.

Consider start up costs and all the work Consider start up costs and all the work you can handle.you can handle.

Make sure you have the equipment and Make sure you have the equipment and space needed to get started. Decide how space needed to get started. Decide how much you will charge for your product or much you will charge for your product or service. Estimate the profits you expect service. Estimate the profits you expect after paying business expenses. after paying business expenses.

Find ways to promote your business.Find ways to promote your business.

Qualities of Successful Qualities of Successful EmployeesEmployees

Positive attitude-Positive attitude- It shows how you think It shows how you think and feel about other people and situations.and feel about other people and situations.

Dependability- Dependability- If your dependable your If your dependable your employer can count on you to be employer can count on you to be responsible and reliable.responsible and reliable.

Honesty-Honesty- Employers want employees they Employers want employees they can trust.can trust.

Ethics-Ethics- Work ethicWork ethic is a standard of is a standard of conduct for successful job performance.conduct for successful job performance.

Cooperation-Cooperation- An ability to work well with An ability to work well with other people is important for job success.other people is important for job success.

Job Readiness SkillsJob Readiness Skills

What skills are required of people What skills are required of people who enter the workforce? What do who enter the workforce? What do they need to know to perform well on they need to know to perform well on the job?the job?

These questions were examined by These questions were examined by the U.S. Department of Labor. the U.S. Department of Labor.

The group that handled this study The group that handled this study was SCANS.was SCANS.


SCANSSCANS- Secretary’s Commission on - Secretary’s Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills.Achieving Necessary Skills.

**For effective, on the job performance, workers need For effective, on the job performance, workers need five competencies and three part foundation of skills five competencies and three part foundation of skills and personal qualities listed below.and personal qualities listed below.

SCANS CompetenciesSCANS Competencies

-Resource-Resource

-Interpersonal Skills-Interpersonal Skills

-Information-Information

-Systems-Systems

-Technology-Technology


SCANS CompetenciesSCANS Competencies

--ResourceResource- They know how to allocate time, money, - They know how to allocate time, money, materials, space, and workers.materials, space, and workers.

--Interpersonal Skills-Interpersonal Skills- They work well on teams, teach They work well on teams, teach others, serve customers, lead, negotiate, and interact well others, serve customers, lead, negotiate, and interact well with people.with people.

--InformationInformation- They know how to acquire and evaluate - They know how to acquire and evaluate data, organize and maintain files, interpret and data, organize and maintain files, interpret and communicate, and use computers to process information. communicate, and use computers to process information.

--SystemsSystems- They understand social, organizational, and - They understand social, organizational, and technical systems. They can monitor and correct technical systems. They can monitor and correct performance. They can design or improve systems.performance. They can design or improve systems.

--TechnologyTechnology- They can select appropriate equipment and - They can select appropriate equipment and tools, apply technology to specific tasks, maintain tools, apply technology to specific tasks, maintain equipment, and troubleshoot equipment problems. equipment, and troubleshoot equipment problems.


The FoundationThe Foundation Basic Skills- Basic Skills- reading, writing, reading, writing,

arithmetic, speaking and listeningarithmetic, speaking and listening Thinking skills- Thinking skills- the ability to learn, the ability to learn,

reason, think creatively, make reason, think creatively, make decisions, and solve problemsdecisions, and solve problems

PersonalPersonal QualitiesQualities- individual - individual responsibility, self-esteem, responsibility, self-esteem, sociability, self-management, and sociability, self-management, and integrity integrity

Becoming a ProfessionalBecoming a Professional

Becoming a professional is not a goal reserved for Becoming a professional is not a goal reserved for certain careers. Any employee can, no matter what certain careers. Any employee can, no matter what his/her job is. It is a person who demonstrates the his/her job is. It is a person who demonstrates the following qualities: following qualities: Smiles and greets everyone pleasantlySmiles and greets everyone pleasantly Remembers and uses correct names and titlesRemembers and uses correct names and titles Treats everyone with respectTreats everyone with respect Keeps calmKeeps calm Avoids talking negatively about coworkers and Avoids talking negatively about coworkers and

customerscustomers Wears conservative clothing from head to toeWears conservative clothing from head to toe Practices good hygienePractices good hygiene Uses proper etiquette Uses proper etiquette

Work Schedules and IncomeWork Schedules and Income

Part time: Part time: Less than 40 hours per weekLess than 40 hours per week Flexible work scheduleFlexible work schedule Shorter work hoursShorter work hours

Full time:Full time: 40 hours or more per week40 hours or more per week Less flexible work scheduleLess flexible work schedule Longer working hoursLonger working hours More income and benefitsMore income and benefits

Earning an IncomeEarning an Income

Hourly wage:Hourly wage: paid a set amount paid a set amount of money for each hour workedof money for each hour worked

Salary:Salary: a certain amount of a certain amount of money paid for a certain period money paid for a certain period of time.of time.

Advantages and Disadvantages??Advantages and Disadvantages??

PaychecksPaychecks

Gross IncomeGross Income: total amount of : total amount of money you earn money you earn beforebefore deductions deductions

Net IncomeNet Income: total amount of money : total amount of money you earn you earn after after deductions deductions

Common paycheck deductions:Common paycheck deductions: Federal and state income taxesFederal and state income taxes Social Security taxesSocial Security taxes Health and Life InsuranceHealth and Life Insurance Union DuesUnion Dues Charitable contributionsCharitable contributions

DeductionsDeductions

Income taxes-Income taxes- this is the this is the governments main source of governments main source of income. The government uses income. The government uses this money to provide services, this money to provide services, programs, and facilities to all programs, and facilities to all citizens. The amount taken out citizens. The amount taken out is based on the amount of is based on the amount of money you earn.money you earn.


Social Security Taxes-Social Security Taxes- Might be Might be listed under FICA (Federal listed under FICA (Federal Insurance Contribution Act) It Insurance Contribution Act) It provides retirement, disability, provides retirement, disability, and survivor benefits to eligible and survivor benefits to eligible working citizens.working citizens.


Other Deductions-Other Deductions- Other Other deductions on your paycheck deductions on your paycheck are made with your permission.are made with your permission.

THE THE END!! END!!

chapter 5 the world of work. career planning are you ready for the world of work?? are you ready for...

Documents

career goal

career options

journalism career

career focused planning

possible career choices

subject interests

working world

job success