chapter 3movements that helped shape modern educational thoughts and ideals

8/11/2019 Chapter 3 MOVEMENTS THAT HELPED SHAPE MODERN EDUCATIONAL THOUGHTS AND IDEALS

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CHAPTER3

MOVEMENTS THAT HELPED SHAPE

MODERN EDUCATIONAL THOUGHTSAND IDEALS

1. Humanism

2. Reformation

3.

Counter-reformation4. Realism

5. Disciplinism

6. Rationalism

7. Naturalism

8. Psychological tendency ineducation

9. Sociological movement in

education

Offshoots of movements in the past:


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Humanism

derived from studia humanitatis which

means studyof humanity.

- started in the early part in the 14thcentury during the Renaissance, when there was a

revived interest in the importance of a person

his/her faculties, affairs and well-being.

Renaissance reaction to the worlwideliness that

prevailed during the medieval times.

Renaissance Humanists aimed for the development

of the intellectual, spiritual, and physical capacities ofeducation through education.


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T

HE

H

UMANISTIC

T

RADITION

IN

I

TALY

Individualistic humanism type of humanism whichprevailed in Italy around 1333 and lasted for about a

century.

Popular Humanists

:

Dante Alighieri author of the Divine Comedy

Patrach prolific writer and progressive thinker

Vittorino Da Feltre a scholar and educator

- he administered Casa Giocosa (Happy House) aschool founded by the Prince of Mantua.


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T

HE

H

UMANISTIC

T

RADITION

IN

N

ORTHERN

E

UROPE

Hieronymians (Brethren of the Common Life) an

organization of pious and socially minded men who

facilitate the spread of the humanistic spirit in

Northern Europe.- the group aimed at combating ignorance, especially of

the lower class, by instruction in the Scriptures.

- the Educational system was based on Democratic

principles or in other words, Social Humanism meant

education for all.


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2.Johann Sturm

(1507-1589) from Strassburg in

Germany.

- founder of the Gymnasium, a school attended by alarge number of students, mostly from the noble

families.


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3 Roger Ascham

(1515-1568) English humanist from

England.

- was a professor of Greek in Cambridge University anda private tutor of Queen Elizabeth.

- wrote the book The

Schoolmaster which was published

in 1571 after his death.


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Ciceronianismconsidered as humanistic

education at its worst.

- argued that the aim of education was to impart

in the student a perfect Latin style.

- refers to the system of speaking or writing.

Ciceroniansmaintained that all schoolwork

should be confined to the study of the writings

of Cicero.


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REFORMATION

The Catholic Church held so much power duringthe medieval times and even until the 16th

century in Europe that even the Kings of

Catholic countries came under the influenceand control of the pope.

Bonafice VII during his reign, the Catholic

Church institutionalized the sale of indulgences.


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Indulgence is defined by Rev. Charles Hart in

the Students Catholic Doctrine as the

remission of a sin through temporal punishmentor apenance.

At the height of corruption in the church, somepriests stopped prescribing penance but instead

required their parishioners to pay an amount of

money corresponding to the gravity of the sin, inthe process paying for the indulgence of the sin.


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LUTHERSREFORMATION

Martin Luther (1483-1546) faithful German priest andbiblical scholar.


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Pope Leo X ordered Luthers excommunicationfrom the Church. Even Holy Roman Emperor

Charles V summoned Luther before the

Imperial Diet of Worms for him to recant hisposition, but this was a futile act.


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chapter 3movements that helped shape modern educational thoughts and ideals

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