Chapter 14Chapter 14Section 3Section 3The Growth The Growth

Of TownsOf Towns

ReviewReview Pope Urban called on Europeans to join in Pope Urban called on Europeans to join in

a Crusade against who?a Crusade against who? the decline in trade in medieval times was the decline in trade in medieval times was

caused by the _______ systemcaused by the _______ system Where did most early merchants sold their Where did most early merchants sold their

goods?goods? Under what system do workers made a Under what system do workers made a

part of a product in their homes?part of a product in their homes? What was the most important purpose of What was the most important purpose of

early banks ?early banks ?

The Rights of The Rights of TownspeopleTownspeople {{European towns and citiesEuropean towns and cities grew larger along with the revival grew larger along with the revival

of trade in the Middle Ages}of trade in the Middle Ages} Manor lords still controlled the towns, but some lords granted Manor lords still controlled the towns, but some lords granted

the towns charter of liberties. the towns charter of liberties. A charter is a written statement of the towns rights. A charter is a written statement of the towns rights. {In time all {In time all

townspeople, townspeople, including serfsincluding serfs, throughout Europe gained 4 , throughout Europe gained 4 basic rights:}basic rights:}

FreedomFreedom. Anyone living in a town for 1 year and 1 day became . Anyone living in a town for 1 year and 1 day became freefree

ExemptionExemption. Townspeople won the right to be free from ever . Townspeople won the right to be free from ever having to work the manor againhaving to work the manor again

Town JusticeTown Justice. Towns had their own courts tried by . Towns had their own courts tried by townspeopletownspeople

Commercial privileges. Commercial privileges. Townspeople could sell goods freely Townspeople could sell goods freely in the town market and could charge tolls to outsidersin the town market and could charge tolls to outsiders

GuildsGuilds

As towns grew larger and richer, merchants and As towns grew larger and richer, merchants and workers formed guildsworkers formed guilds

Each town had a Each town had a merchant guildmerchant guild. It had the sole . It had the sole right to trade there and others had to pay a fee to right to trade there and others had to pay a fee to trade there.trade there.

The guilds also helped each other and their The guilds also helped each other and their families out if anything happened to themfamilies out if anything happened to them

In time skilled workers came together in In time skilled workers came together in craft craft guilds guilds Each guild had members from a single Each guild had members from a single craftcraft

Perhaps most important, the craft guilds Perhaps most important, the craft guilds controlled the training of skilled workerscontrolled the training of skilled workers

Continued….Continued…. Fist step was an apprentice. Parents would Fist step was an apprentice. Parents would

pay a master worker to house, feed, clothe pay a master worker to house, feed, clothe and train their boy. Could take 5-9 yearsand train their boy. Could take 5-9 years

Next, he became a journeyman- A skilled Next, he became a journeyman- A skilled worker paid to work for a master craftsmanworker paid to work for a master craftsman

Once he created a masterpiece that was Once he created a masterpiece that was approved by a master, he could open his approved by a master, he could open his own shop and become a master himself. own shop and become a master himself.

In time guild members, merchants and In time guild members, merchants and master workers became the middle class. master workers became the middle class. A class between the nobles and peasantsA class between the nobles and peasants

A master A master painter or a painter or a journeyman journeyman works on a works on a masterpiece masterpiece while the while the apprentice apprentice mixes the mixes the paint.paint.

Medieval TownsMedieval Towns

Towns offered surfs a chance to change their Towns offered surfs a chance to change their liveslives

Some left seeking freedom some were let go due Some left seeking freedom some were let go due to the change in farming methodsto the change in farming methods

Serfs who stayed on the manors sold their crops Serfs who stayed on the manors sold their crops in the markets and paid the lord with money in the markets and paid the lord with money instead of servitude instead of servitude

Most cities had little land area so houses were Most cities had little land area so houses were built several stories highbuilt several stories high

Each story extended a little beyond the one Each story extended a little beyond the one below it. At their tops the houses almost touched below it. At their tops the houses almost touched over the middle of the street. Darkening the over the middle of the street. Darkening the roadway belowroadway below

The Black DeathThe Black Death Many parts of the cities were dark, unsafe, dirty Many parts of the cities were dark, unsafe, dirty

and unhealthy. Waste was dumped into open and unhealthy. Waste was dumped into open gutters.gutters.

Disease spread quickly through the citiesDisease spread quickly through the cities One such disease started in 1347. The Black One such disease started in 1347. The Black

DeathDeath The plague began in Asia and spread along the The plague began in Asia and spread along the

trade routes. It entered ports by way of trade trade routes. It entered ports by way of trade shipsships

Black rats on the ship carried the disease and Black rats on the ship carried the disease and the plague was spread to people by bites from the plague was spread to people by bites from fleas that were on the ratsfleas that were on the rats

{Increased trade in the Middle Ages helped the {Increased trade in the Middle Ages helped the Black Death spread quickly around the world}Black Death spread quickly around the world}

Continued…Continued…

By some estimates about 1/3 of the entire By some estimates about 1/3 of the entire population of Europe died of the plaguepopulation of Europe died of the plague

The Black Death caused many changes in The Black Death caused many changes in EuropeEurope

People’s faith in God was shaken and the People’s faith in God was shaken and the church lost some of its powerchurch lost some of its power

Workers, now in short supply, demanded Workers, now in short supply, demanded higher wages, and in several countries higher wages, and in several countries peasants staged uprisings peasants staged uprisings

ReviewReview

What grew larger along with the revival of What grew larger along with the revival of trade in the Middle Agestrade in the Middle Ages

What helped the Black Death spread What helped the Black Death spread quickly around the world?quickly around the world?

the decline in trade in medieval times was the decline in trade in medieval times was caused by the _______ systemcaused by the _______ system

Under what system do workers made a part Under what system do workers made a part of a product in their homes?of a product in their homes?