Chapter 10: Crimes Chapter 10: Crimes Against PropertyAgainst Property

Objective: Student should Objective: Student should be able to differentiate be able to differentiate

between the two groups of between the two groups of crimes against property crimes against property and identify the correct and identify the correct

classification and classification and elements of the criminal elements of the criminal

charges.charges.

ArsonArson

Defined: the deliberate and malicious Defined: the deliberate and malicious burning of another person’s propertyburning of another person’s property

Has been used as a form of racial Has been used as a form of racial violenceviolence

Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996: Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996: Passed to help prosecutors deal with Passed to help prosecutors deal with a rash of racially motivated church a rash of racially motivated church arsonsarsons

VandalismVandalism

a/k/a Malicious Mischief ~ the a/k/a Malicious Mischief ~ the deliberate destruction or deliberate destruction or defacement of another person’s defacement of another person’s propertyproperty

Depending on the extent of the Depending on the extent of the damage it can be either a felony damage it can be either a felony or misdemeanoror misdemeanor

LarcenyLarceny Defined: the unlawful taking of Defined: the unlawful taking of

another’s property with the intent to another’s property with the intent to steal it.steal it.

Grand Larceny: A Felony, is the theft of Grand Larceny: A Felony, is the theft of anything above a certain value (usually anything above a certain value (usually $100 or more)$100 or more)

Petty Larceny: A Misdemeanor, the Petty Larceny: A Misdemeanor, the theft of anything below a certain value theft of anything below a certain value (usually $100 or less)(usually $100 or less)

Shoplifting: A form of larceny in which Shoplifting: A form of larceny in which a person takes items from a store a person takes items from a store without paying or intending to paywithout paying or intending to pay

Concealment: the crime of attempted Concealment: the crime of attempted shoplifting that is recognized by some shoplifting that is recognized by some statesstates

EmbezzlementEmbezzlement Defined: The taking of money or Defined: The taking of money or

property by a person to whom it has property by a person to whom it has been entrustedbeen entrusted

i.e. a bank teller, or a company i.e. a bank teller, or a company accountantaccountant

Many states have merged the crimes Many states have merged the crimes of Embezzlement, Larceny, & of Embezzlement, Larceny, & Obtaining Property by False Pretenses Obtaining Property by False Pretenses into the statutory crime of Theftinto the statutory crime of Theft

RobberyRobbery Defined: The unlawful taking of Defined: The unlawful taking of

property from a person’s property from a person’s immediate possession by force or immediate possession by force or intimidationintimidation

In most states, the difference In most states, the difference between robbery & larceny is the between robbery & larceny is the use of forceuse of force

i.e. pickpocket is larceny v. shove i.e. pickpocket is larceny v. shove you down and rip your purse out you down and rip your purse out of your arm is robberyof your arm is robbery

ExtortionExtortion

a/k/a Blackmail: Taking property a/k/a Blackmail: Taking property illegally through threats of harmillegally through threats of harm

Covers threats to do FUTURE Covers threats to do FUTURE physical harm, destroy property, physical harm, destroy property, or injurer someone’s character or injurer someone’s character or reputation in order to obtain or reputation in order to obtain the property of anotherthe property of another

BurglaryBurglary

Defined: Breaking & entering a Defined: Breaking & entering a building with the intention of building with the intention of committing a crimecommitting a crime

Many states have stiffer penalties Many states have stiffer penalties for burglaries committed at night, for burglaries committed at night, in inhabited dwellings, or in inhabited dwellings, or committed with weaponscommitted with weapons

ForgeryForgery Defined: The act of making a fake Defined: The act of making a fake

document or altering a real one with document or altering a real one with the intent to commit fraudthe intent to commit fraud

i.e. signing another person’s name to i.e. signing another person’s name to a check, altering documents (fake a check, altering documents (fake ID’sID’s))

Uttering: Offering to someone as Uttering: Offering to someone as genuine a document known to be fakegenuine a document known to be fake

Receiving Stolen PropertyReceiving Stolen Property

Defined: Receiving or buying Defined: Receiving or buying property that is known or property that is known or reasonably believed to have been reasonably believed to have been stolenstolen

i.e. buying goods out of the trunk i.e. buying goods out of the trunk of someone’s car… The fake of someone’s car… The fake Gucci v. buying a real Gucci in a Gucci v. buying a real Gucci in a storestore

Unauthorized Use of a Unauthorized Use of a VehicleVehicle

Defined: Unlawful taking of a car Defined: Unlawful taking of a car by someone who intends only to by someone who intends only to use it temporarilyuse it temporarily

Carjacking: A crime in which the Carjacking: A crime in which the perpetrator uses force or perpetrator uses force or intimidation to steal a car from a intimidation to steal a car from a driverdriver

Carjacking is a FEDERAL crime & Carjacking is a FEDERAL crime & punishable up to a life sentence in punishable up to a life sentence in prisonprison

Computer CrimesComputer Crimes Hackers: A person who illegally Hackers: A person who illegally

accesses government or corporate accesses government or corporate computer systemscomputer systems

Children’s Internet Protection Act: Children’s Internet Protection Act: requires that ALL public libraries requires that ALL public libraries purchase & install filtering software purchase & install filtering software on all of their computers or risk losing on all of their computers or risk losing their federal technology funding.their federal technology funding.

Computer Fraud & Abuse Act of 1986: Computer Fraud & Abuse Act of 1986: Provided the government with Provided the government with specific law to prosecute hackers.specific law to prosecute hackers.