Chapter 10: Crimes Chapter 10: Crimes Against PropertyAgainst Property
Objective: Student should Objective: Student should be able to differentiate be able to differentiate
between the two groups of between the two groups of crimes against property crimes against property and identify the correct and identify the correct
classification and classification and elements of the criminal elements of the criminal
charges.charges.
ArsonArson
Defined: the deliberate and malicious Defined: the deliberate and malicious burning of another person’s propertyburning of another person’s property
Has been used as a form of racial Has been used as a form of racial violenceviolence
Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996: Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996: Passed to help prosecutors deal with Passed to help prosecutors deal with a rash of racially motivated church a rash of racially motivated church arsonsarsons
VandalismVandalism
a/k/a Malicious Mischief ~ the a/k/a Malicious Mischief ~ the deliberate destruction or deliberate destruction or defacement of another person’s defacement of another person’s propertyproperty
Depending on the extent of the Depending on the extent of the damage it can be either a felony damage it can be either a felony or misdemeanoror misdemeanor
LarcenyLarceny Defined: the unlawful taking of Defined: the unlawful taking of
another’s property with the intent to another’s property with the intent to steal it.steal it.
Grand Larceny: A Felony, is the theft of Grand Larceny: A Felony, is the theft of anything above a certain value (usually anything above a certain value (usually $100 or more)$100 or more)
Petty Larceny: A Misdemeanor, the Petty Larceny: A Misdemeanor, the theft of anything below a certain value theft of anything below a certain value (usually $100 or less)(usually $100 or less)
Shoplifting: A form of larceny in which Shoplifting: A form of larceny in which a person takes items from a store a person takes items from a store without paying or intending to paywithout paying or intending to pay
Concealment: the crime of attempted Concealment: the crime of attempted shoplifting that is recognized by some shoplifting that is recognized by some statesstates
EmbezzlementEmbezzlement Defined: The taking of money or Defined: The taking of money or
property by a person to whom it has property by a person to whom it has been entrustedbeen entrusted
i.e. a bank teller, or a company i.e. a bank teller, or a company accountantaccountant
Many states have merged the crimes Many states have merged the crimes of Embezzlement, Larceny, & of Embezzlement, Larceny, & Obtaining Property by False Pretenses Obtaining Property by False Pretenses into the statutory crime of Theftinto the statutory crime of Theft
RobberyRobbery Defined: The unlawful taking of Defined: The unlawful taking of
property from a person’s property from a person’s immediate possession by force or immediate possession by force or intimidationintimidation
In most states, the difference In most states, the difference between robbery & larceny is the between robbery & larceny is the use of forceuse of force
i.e. pickpocket is larceny v. shove i.e. pickpocket is larceny v. shove you down and rip your purse out you down and rip your purse out of your arm is robberyof your arm is robbery
ExtortionExtortion
a/k/a Blackmail: Taking property a/k/a Blackmail: Taking property illegally through threats of harmillegally through threats of harm
Covers threats to do FUTURE Covers threats to do FUTURE physical harm, destroy property, physical harm, destroy property, or injurer someone’s character or injurer someone’s character or reputation in order to obtain or reputation in order to obtain the property of anotherthe property of another
BurglaryBurglary
Defined: Breaking & entering a Defined: Breaking & entering a building with the intention of building with the intention of committing a crimecommitting a crime
Many states have stiffer penalties Many states have stiffer penalties for burglaries committed at night, for burglaries committed at night, in inhabited dwellings, or in inhabited dwellings, or committed with weaponscommitted with weapons
ForgeryForgery Defined: The act of making a fake Defined: The act of making a fake
document or altering a real one with document or altering a real one with the intent to commit fraudthe intent to commit fraud
i.e. signing another person’s name to i.e. signing another person’s name to a check, altering documents (fake a check, altering documents (fake ID’sID’s))
Uttering: Offering to someone as Uttering: Offering to someone as genuine a document known to be fakegenuine a document known to be fake
Receiving Stolen PropertyReceiving Stolen Property
Defined: Receiving or buying Defined: Receiving or buying property that is known or property that is known or reasonably believed to have been reasonably believed to have been stolenstolen
i.e. buying goods out of the trunk i.e. buying goods out of the trunk of someone’s car… The fake of someone’s car… The fake Gucci v. buying a real Gucci in a Gucci v. buying a real Gucci in a storestore
Unauthorized Use of a Unauthorized Use of a VehicleVehicle
Defined: Unlawful taking of a car Defined: Unlawful taking of a car by someone who intends only to by someone who intends only to use it temporarilyuse it temporarily
Carjacking: A crime in which the Carjacking: A crime in which the perpetrator uses force or perpetrator uses force or intimidation to steal a car from a intimidation to steal a car from a driverdriver
Carjacking is a FEDERAL crime & Carjacking is a FEDERAL crime & punishable up to a life sentence in punishable up to a life sentence in prisonprison
Computer CrimesComputer Crimes Hackers: A person who illegally Hackers: A person who illegally
accesses government or corporate accesses government or corporate computer systemscomputer systems
Children’s Internet Protection Act: Children’s Internet Protection Act: requires that ALL public libraries requires that ALL public libraries purchase & install filtering software purchase & install filtering software on all of their computers or risk losing on all of their computers or risk losing their federal technology funding.their federal technology funding.
Computer Fraud & Abuse Act of 1986: Computer Fraud & Abuse Act of 1986: Provided the government with Provided the government with specific law to prosecute hackers.specific law to prosecute hackers.