chapter 1: the nature of science. name the prefixes used in si and indicate what multiple of ten...
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Section 2: Standards of Measurement
Chapter 1: The Nature of Science
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Learning GoalsName the prefixes used in SI and indicate what multiple of ten each one represents.
Identify SI units and symbols.Convert related SI units.
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Units and StandardsStandard: exact quantity that
people agree to use for comparison.
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Measurement Systems Imperial system of measurement
Feet Pounds Gallons
Only 3 countries do not use the metric system of measurement: U.S.A., Myanmar, and Liberia
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Measurement SystemsInternational System of Units (SI): an improved version of the metric system. Understood by scientists
worldwide Based on multiples of 10 and uses
prefixes to indicate a specific multiple.
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Measurement Systems SI Base Units:
Length – meters (m) Mass – grams (g) Liquid volume – liters (L) Time – seconds (s)
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Measurement Systems SI Prefixes:
Kilo (k) – x1000 Centi (c) – x 0.01 or 1/100 Milli (m) – x 0.001 or 1/1000
See the “Metric Toolbox” or Page 15 of your textbook for more
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Measurement SystemsConverting between SI Units: Use conversion factors: ▪ ratios that are used to change one
unit to another
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ExampleThere are 1000 mL in 1 L. How many mL are in 3 L?
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Factor Label Method1. Write what you know on the left2. Write what you want on the right3. Put a conversion factor in the middle4. Cancel units on top and bottom5. Multiply top and divide bottom
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ExampleThere are 100 cm in 1 m. How many cm are in 2.75 m?
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ExampleHow long, in centimeters, is a
3,075 mm rope?
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Let’s Practice!
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Measuring DistanceLength is measured using a unit appropriate for the distance between two points.
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Measuring DistanceThe SI unit of length is the meter (m).
cm
mm
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Measuring VolumeVolume: the amount of space an object occupies.
The base unit for liquid volume is liters (L) Beakers, flasks, and graduated cylinders (mL)
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Measuring VolumeMeasuring solid volumes:
Formulas: (V = l x w x h)▪Units in cubic centimeters (cm3) or cubic meters (m3)
Water displacement
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Measuring MatterMass: a measurement of the quantity of matter in an object.
Base unit is grams (g)Balances can be used to measure mass
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Measuring MatterDensity: the mass per unit volume
of a material. How much mass an object has in a
certain amount of space. Density = mass/volume Unit for density is grams per milliliter
(g/mL)
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Measuring Time and Temperature
SI unit of time = seconds (s)Metric unit of temperature = degrees Celsius (°C)
SI unit of temperature = Kelvin (K)