chapter 1 children parenting and you

Chapter 1Children Parenting and You

An overview of what’s to come!

Chapter LEQ’s

What are the benefits of studying children?

What are the ideas of the leading theorists in Child Development?

What are the advantages and disadvantages of each type of

observation?

UNIT VOCABULARY

• Child Development• Developmental Task

• Environment• Heredity• Interpret

Children Learn What They Live

• You will be divided into groups. Each group will be given a line of the poem. Your group should discuss what this line means and give two “real life” examples that demonstrate this phrase.

• Some one in your group should be nominated as spokesman for the group and share what your group talked about.

You have 5 minutes.


If children live with criticism, they learn to condemn.

If children live with hostility, they learn to fight.

If children live with ridicule, they learn to be shy.


If children live with shame, they learn to feel guilty.

If children life with encouragement, they learn to be confident. If children live with tolerance, they learn to be patient.


If children live with tolerance, they learn appreciation.

If children live with acceptance, they learn to love.

If children live with approval, they learn to like themselves.


If children live with honesty, they learn truthfulness.

If children live with security, they learn to have faith.

If children live with friendliness, they learn the world is a nice place to live.

Childhood is Important

Brain Development(five years, development in all

areas)

Control BodyMake Connections(caregiver stimulation and play)

Brain Development• The brain is 90% of adult capacity by age 5.• The first 3 years are when the wiring of the

brain is developed.• Nutrition and the kinds of stimulation the

child’s environment provides determine brain development

• If a child does not receive stimulation or proper nutrition, their brain is 20-30 smaller

• Use it or lose it (pruning)• Windows of opportunity

What are windows of opportunity?

• Vision ---within first year• Vocabulary---within the first year• Second language---beginning at 1 year• Motor development (movement)---within first

year• Music---beginning at age 3

• Diggo.com/user/Patricia_Martin

Play and Development

agame2teach.com

liv.ac.uk

a2zteachersoutlet.com

time.comcarrieanddanielle.com

• Children develop through play• They develop in 5 areas

– Physical– Social– Emotional– Intellectual (cognitive)– Moral

How much do you know?

Jorge’s mother measures his height and that of his brothers. This is an example of what type

of development?Emotional

Intellectual (cognitive)Moral

PhysicalSocial

Try Again!

You got it!


Kate and Lwanda play together everyday at their preschool. Sometimes they let Tricia join in.

This is an example of what type of development?EmotionalIntellectual

MoralPhysicalSocial


In kindergarten, children learn the letters of the alphabet and numbers from 1-10. This is an

example of what ttype of development?

EmotionalIntellectual

MoralPhysicalSocial


When his parents divorced, Rick began to withdraw from other people and to write in his diary every night. This is an example of

what type of development?EmotionalIntellectual

Moral PhysicalSocial


Tran had difficulty riding a bicycle when he was seven, but by his eighth birthday he was able to pedal, steer, and brake. This is an example

of what type of development?EmotionalIntellectual

MoralPhysicalSocial


After John took a block, Ernesto objected, saying “That’s not fair? It’s not your turn.” This is an

example of what type of development?EmotionalIntellectual

MoralPhysicalSocial


Annie could read by the time she was five, but Evan didn’t start reading until he was six. This is an example of what type of development?


MoralPhysicalSocial


Chan seemed to wake up happy every day. This is an example of what type of development?


MoralPhysicalSocial

One more try…

Though she is only four years old, Amy brushes her teeth after every meal. This is an example

of what type of development?EmotionalIntellectual

MoralPhysicalSocial

Is Play Really That Important?

• For children, play is essential.• They learn a lot from playing.

• Children need to play in order to learn.• All areas of development are enhanced by

play.• Let’s think about what children can learn from

play.

Let’s Play a Game• In small groups, choose an activity or game that you and everyone in your group enjoyed

playing as a child.• When you have agreed, write it on the board.

If someone already choose your activity/game, you need to pick again.

• Come up with at least 2 ways a child develops in each of the areas of development.

• Be prepared to share with the class.YOU HAVE 8 MINUNTES!

There are 5 characteristics of development…

• Development is similar for everyone• Development builds on earlier learning• Development proceeds at an individual rate• Different areas of development are

interrelated• Development is continuous throughout life

Which characteristic of development applies to this situation?

In school, Michael did poorly on test and was seldom able to

answer the teacher’s questions. Other children teased him and

called him names. As a result, he was shy and had little self

confidence. Since he has started wearing glasses, he has been

seeing the chalkboard better and doing better in school. He feels better about himself and is now getting along better with other

children.Interrelated


murals-and-ore.com

Josh and Nicole are cousins. Although Josh

is tow months older, Nicole began to sit and

stand at about the same time as he did.

Earlier learning


wondercliparts.com Dana and her family spent the

summer visiting relatives in Toronto. Dana helped the

parents by watching Michelle and Brian, who were both two year olds. She noticed that both children could run fairly well, stand on one foot, and

climb stairs. They both enjoyed playing with sand and like finger

painting. Similar for everyone


babybirdproductions.com

Jessica is an active three year old. Lately,

she has started choosing her clothes each morning, Her

parents are amazed at her eagerness to learn new things---it seems like she never stops

wanting to learn.Continuous


Luke is helping his younger brother Andy learn the alphabet.

Andy seems to be catching on very quickly. Yesterday, he called out some of the letters on a store sign as he and Luke walked down the street. Luke knows that soon

Andy will be able to point out a few simple words and not long after that he’ll be reading sentences.

All of them

Understanding Childhood• Development occurs rapidly in children

– Infants are completely dependent– 1 yr olds are starting to do a few things on

their own– 2 yr olds want to have more independence– 3-5 yr olds continue to push the limits and

test independence

• Children need to experience increased independence with age

Partner Activity• Brainstorm with your partner: What are the elements for a happy

childhood? What can parents do to make childhood

more happy for their child? What can caregivers/family members

do to make childhood more happy?• Decide who will share your information.

• You have 5 minutes

How has childhood changed through the years?

• Children were not really taken seriously or understood until about the 1930’s. As time has gone on, the role of childhood has been recognized as very different and a very important part of development.

• Let’s look at the differences between children in the late 1800’s and the 2000’s.

Work1800’s

•Begin working a young age•No pay for work•Everyone in family expected to help•Farm work was most common•Education and play were not valued

2000’s

•Start working at 14 (limited hours)•Need work permit•Paid minimum wage•Work restrictions •Limited responsibilities•More options available

•Play

1800’s

•Not a lot of time to play (not important)•Toys were homemade•Wooden toys for boys•Cloth toys for girls

2000’s•Young children have assigned times for play•Electronics•Need for constant movement/action•Toys are much more sophisticated and educational

Education1800’s

•Attendance was not mandatory•One room•Same thing taught every year•Usually associated with church•Most did not get past grade 5

2000’s•Required to attend•Divided by grade•Many choices of curriculum•Standardized test•Success and graduation is expected of all•Technology aids in learning

Health1800’s

•No immunizations•Many illnesses•No medicine•Limited access to doctors (travelled around)•Many children died at an early age•Average life span 40-50

2000’s•Required immunizations•Medicines for many illness•Great medical advances•Health care is available to all•People are living longer•Average life span is 83

Dress2000’s

Anything Goes!

http://pattisoriginals.files.wordpress.com/2007/09/m9424.jpg

1800’s•Girls

•Long dresses•Aprons•Hats•Long sleeves

•Boys•Long pant•Long sleeve shirts•Suspenders

•Miniature adults•No washing machines

Parental Love

This is one thing that has not changed. Parents have always and continue to want what is

best for their children. This has not changed over the ages.

Why should we study children?

• Children were not really taken seriously until the early 1900’s

• They were just small adults• Since that time, children have been studied in

a variety of areas like:– Education– Medicine– Nutrition– Psychology

Why study children?• Understand them

– Why they do things– Stages of development and behavior– Importance of caregivers

• Gain skills– Basic care– Personal skills (responsibility,

patience…)• Understand yourself

– Childhood shapes you and you mature• Build for the future

– Careers – Better skills

Biggest Influence in Development

Heredity Environment

thrombate.comsweden.se

Greatest Influence on Development• Think about what is the greatest influence on

development. Your choices are: heredity environment combination• Divide into groups who made the same choice• Come up with at least 5 reasons that support

your choice. Be prepared to share with the class and be sure everyone in your group contributes.

You have 8 minutes

Theories of Development

• There are many people out there who have ideas about how development occurs.

• Many of them are followed by teachers and schools, some are not.

• You can agree or disagree, but you need to have an understanding of each of these theorists

Jean Piaget1896-1980

qcms.org

•Video

•First to study children scientifically---important

•Studied how children learn

•Four stages of thinking shape their views of the world

•Memory and repetition are key to development

•First published at age 10

Maria Montessori1870-1952

montessorilajolla.com

•Video

•Children learn by using their senses (sensory learning)

•Children learn be by pursing their interests

•Experiences are more important than words

•Classroom are individualized for learning

Erik Erikson1902-1994

famousquotesandauthors.com

• Video

•Personality develops through stages

•8 stages (trust vs. mistrust)

•Psychological crisis met in positive way—move to next stage

•Adults need to be sensitive to child’s needs

B. F. Skinner1904-1990

• Positive reinforcement---repeat

•Negative reinforcement---stop

•Rewards and punishment influence behaviors

•Mouse and cheese experiment 180techtips.com

Abraham Maslow1908-1970

menwithpens.ca

•Start at bottom and move upward

•Cannot move up unless bottom needs are met

•Not always an upward movement

•Caregivers need to know and meet child’s needs

Howard Gardner1943-present

learningtheories.wikispaces.com

•Eight different types of intelligences or learning styles

•Everyone has learning strengths and weaknesses

•Theory is very popular and many educators are changing the way they do things

Life Stages

• We will all move through different stages of life from infancy through adulthood.

• Each stage contains developmental tasks (challenges we face during each stage)

• There are 3 task of adolescence (your stage)– Identity– Independence– Planning for life work

Self Esteem and Life Stages

• As you move through these stages, you will develop more self esteem (how you feel about yourself)

• The more self esteem you have, the greater the ability to move through those tasks

• As parents/caregivers, be sure to provide for the needs of your child and help them to feel good about themselves.

chapter 1 children parenting and you

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