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Changing Nature of Earth

Mr. Lin

Image Courtesy of http://www.spacetoday.org/images/SolSys/Earth/EarthBlueMarbleWestTerra.jpg

Look at the World Map. It looks like a puzzle. Can anyone tell me why?

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Theory of Continental Drift

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Theory of Continental Drift

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Theory of Continental Drift

• A Theory that all the continents on Earth were originally a part of one large super-continent called Pangaea.

• Plates on the Earth’s Crust have since moved parts of Pangaea away from each other.

Image Courtesy of http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Pangaea.png

PANGAEA

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How Do the Continents Move?

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Plate Tectonics

• The Earth’s surface (called the Crust) is cracked into large “plates”

• These plates float on the molten rock under the crust.

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Plates

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Plates

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Plate Tectonics

Show Video on Plate Tectonics

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Plate Tectonics

• When Plates are next to each other, they can move in three main ways:

– Away from each other• Divergent

– Into each other• Convergent

– By sliding• Transformational

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Convergent Plates

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Convergent PlatesMountains like Mt. Everest are built by Convergent Plates

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Divergent Plates

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Transformational

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MwwwaaahahahahAHAHA

H!!!So What Moves the Plates?

(Let’s first investigate the layers of the

EARTH)

Layers of the Earth

• Crust: Solid rock

• Mantle: Melted rock

• Outer Core: Melted metal

• Inner Core: Solid Metal

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Inner Core: 800 miles thick. Made of solid nickel and iron

Outer Core: 1,400 miles thick. Made of liquid nickel and iron

Mantle: 1,800 miles thick. Made of magma

Crust: 3-5 miles thick. Made of rocks

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Layers of the Earth

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