The Revolutionary

WarBy Mr. Lin (a very

cool teacher)

Image courtesy of www.crocketts.org/sterling/pictures/crockettp.

Causes of the Revolution

• Taxation• Colonists Organize!

• Image Courtesy Of http://imagecache2.allposters.com/images/pic/FIP/MA-00145-C~Revolutionary-War-Drum-Lexington-Massachusetts-Posters.jpg

Taxation: Stamp Act• Stamp Act• First Meeting At the

House of Burgesses– Representatives

protest– Decision was made to

boycott Stamp Act goods

• Result: Stamp Act was finally repealed

Image Courtesy Of http://www.northwestern.edu/observer/issues/2004-05-20/images/lang-of-rights.jpg

New Yorkers Protest the Stamp Act

Stamp act

Taxation: Stamp Act

• Protest from Pennsylvania. • Image Courtesy of teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/fi/00000014.jpg

Taxation: Townshend Act• Townshend Act

• Second Meeting At the House of Burgesses– Write a letter claiming that

only elected representatives are allowed to tax.

• Result– England is angered.– Orders the House of

Burgesses to stop meeting – Revolutionary spirit begins to

boilImage Courtesy Of http://www.greece.k12.ny.us/ch/RevolutionaryWar/Masik%202002%20Rev%20War_files/slide0024_image027.jpg

Taxation: Townshend Act

• Response to England’s demand that colonists stop meeting.– Committee of

Correspondence– Sons of Liberty (MA)

Secret Letter From Committee of Correspondence. Image Courtesy of http://www.haverford.edu/library/special/aids/pymic/hendrickaupaumutp2.jpg

Committee of Correspondence

• Show “Committee of Correspondence” Movie.

Taxation: Townshend Act

• Sons of Liberty was an organization that was bent on revolution. They were based out of Boston. Image Courtesy of http://www.evergreen.edu/library/govdocs/hotopics/fourth-of-july/sons-of-libertysm.jpg

Taxation: Townshend Act

• Many colonists boycotted Townshend Act goods.

• On March 5, 1770, colonists protesting the Townshend Act in Boston heckled British soldiers. The soldiers panicked and fired upon the protesters.

– This was called the Boston Massacre

Image engraved by Paul Revere. Courtesy of http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.americaslibrary.gov/assets/jb/revolut/jb_revolut_boston_1_e.jpgl

Boston Massacre

Townshend Act – Repealed (except for Tea)

• After the Boston Tea Party, parts of the Townshend Act were slowly repealed.

• In the end, the Tea Tax was left standing

• On December 16, 1773, Bostonian patriots plan a raid on tea cargo on British ships in the harbor.

• In New York, the New York assembly refused to help feed and house British troops

The Boston Tea Party. Image Courtesy of http://blogs.salon.com/0002007/images/Boston-Tea-Party.jpg

Boston Tea Party

Intolerable Acts

• England responded to Boston’s rebelliousness by shutting down Boston Harbor until they could pay back for all the destroyed tea

• They also force colonists to feed and house all British soldiers whenever they were called on to help out.

Paul Revere. Image Courtesy of www.lawbuzz.com/.../images

/paul.revere.jpg

Samuel Adams. Image Courtesy of http://www.ushistory.org/franklin/temple/images/sam_adams.gif

Colonists Organize!

• 1st Virginia Convention

• Continental Congress• 2nd Virginia

Convention• 3rd Virginia

Convention

Peyton Randolph, chairman of the first Continental Congress. Image Courtesy of www.vahistorical.org/dynasties/peytonrandolph.jpg

1st Virginia Convention

• After England disbanded the House of Burgesses, delegates met in secret.

• They decided on three main ideas:– Support the actions of

Massachusetts – Suggest that the colonies

create a Continental Congress

– Select a group of representatives to the first Continental Congress.Raleigh’s Tavern, where former delegates from

the House of Burgesses secretly met as the first Virginia Convention. Image courtesy of http://www.history.org/Almanack/places/hb/ral.gif

1st Continental Congress• Virginia and many other

colonies sent delegates to the first Continental Congress in Philadelphia, PA.– 12 of the 13 colonies sent

representatives– Only Georgia did not. They

were in the midst of a war with the Creek indians and needed British troops for support.

• Decided to write a letter of complaints to King George III.– Little known fact, they

declared loyalty to King George, but not to the Parliament!

Opening prayer at the first ContinentalCongress. Image Courtesy of http://www.usfca.edu/fac_staff/conwell/revolution/first.jpg

2nd Virginia Convention

• Patrick Henry declares, “Give me liberty, or give me death!”

• Proposed to arm Virginia militias

Patrick Henry was a rousing speaker. Image courtesy of http://www.fcps.k12.va.us/CanterburyWoodsES/Finished%20Pages/techprojects/vasymbols/patrickhenry2.gif

Second Virginian Convention

3rd Virginia Convention

• Royal Governor Dunmore flees to England

• Virginia Convention effectively takes over as the government of Virginia

Lord Governor Dunmore.Image courtesy of http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/daybyday/images/dunmore.jpg

War

• Battle of Lexington and Concord

• Battle Bunker Hill• African-Americans• Battle of Trenton• Declaration of

Independence• Battle of Saratoga• Battle of Yorktown

Convening at Yorktown (1781). Image Courtesy of http://www.revolutionaryday.com/usroute60/yorktown/yorktown.jpg

Lexington and Concord

• April 18th, 1775, Paul Revere galloped through the Boston area warning that “The British are coming!”

• Patriots awoke in a hurry and quickly mustered their arms together. They were to become known as the legendary Minutemen.

Paul Revere rides through the night.Image Courtesy of http://www.gutenberg.org/files/18127/18127-h/images/082revere.jpg

Lexington and Concord

“Stand your ground . . . if they mean to have a war, let it begin here.”

– Capt. John Parker (Lexington Militia)

• As the patriots faced the British, a shot was fired. The ensuing scene of firings marked the first battle of the Revolutionary War.

• Image Courtesy of http://www.americanrevwar.homestead.com/files/LEXCON.HTM

Battle of Bunker Hill

• June 17, 1775• This was widely

considered one of the first major victories by the American patriots in New England.

Painting of the Battle of Bunker HillImage Courtesy of http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Bunker_Hill_by_Pyle.jpg

African-Americans Offered Freedom*

• On November of 1775, the British offered African-American slaves freedom on one condition, that they fought with the British against the patriots.

• Many slaves took up on the offer, although few ever saw their dream of freedom come true.

An African-American pastor from Pennsylvania in the 1780’s.Image Courtesy http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.phmc.state.pa.us/ppet/africanamericans/AFRICANAMERICAN5.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.phmc.state.pa.us/ppet/africanamericans/page1.asp&h=297&w=175&sz=10&hl=en&start=16&tbnid=1_qYUxcBDutVQM:&tbnh=116&tbnw=68&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAFrican%2BAmericans%2Bin%2Bthe%2BRevolution%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official_s%26sa%3DG

James Armistead Lafayette*

• James Armistead Lafayette was the slave to the French nobleman (and American friend) Marquis de Lafayette.

• James Armistead Lafayette served as a spy for the Americans and pretended to be a friend of the British by feeding them false information about the American forces.James Armistead Lafayette was spy

fed the British Army falseinformation. Image Courtesy of http://www.americanrevwar.homestead.com/files/JAMES.HTM

Battle of Trenton

• January 28, 1776• General

Washington, leader of the Continental Army crosses the frozen Delaware River in a surprise attack on Hessian mercenaries.

George Washington crosses the Delaware River.Image Courtesy ofhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Washington_Crossing_the_Delaware.png

Signing of the Declaration of Independence*

• July 4, 1776• Thomas

Jefferson drafted a letter of complaints to the king.

• The letter was signed by the Continental Congress. The signing of the Declaration of Independence.

Image Courtesy ofhttp://www.ushistory.org/Declaration/trumbull.htm

Battle of Saratoga

• October 17, 1777• American forces

defeat a sizeable British army at Saratoga, New York.

• This battle finally convinced the French to support the patriots

American general Gates accepts British general Burgoyne’s surrender.Image Courtesy ofhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Surrender_burgoyne.jpg

Jack Jouett*

• In early 1781, Jack Jouett observed the British cavalry headed to Charlottesville to arrest the entire Virginian government

• Secretly, Jack stole away and managed to warn the government in time to save them.

Col. Tarleton, the mansent to capture Virginia’s government.Image Courtesy ofhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:General_Sir_Banastre_Tarleton_by_Sir_Joshua_Reynolds.jpeg

The only known Image, a silhouette,made by Jack’s son,Matthew. Image Courtesy ofhttp://www.history.org/Foundation/journal/Summer06/ride.cfm

Jack Jouett Saves Virginia

• Re-enactment of Jack Jouett’s ride to Charlottesville • Image Courtesy of http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.history.org/Foundation/

journal/Summer06/images/ride_66_sm.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.history.org/Foundation/journal/Summer06/ride.cfm&h=151&w=200&sz=10&hl=en&start=16&tbnid=SdMIvJ3b0SIOlM:&tbnh=79&tbnw=104&prev=/images%3Fq%3DJack%2BJouett%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official_s%26sa%3DG

Battle of Yorktown*

• Oct. 19, 1781• With the French

aiding with their powerful Navy by sea, the American forces were able to decisively defeat the British forces under Gen. Cornwallis.

General Washington accepts General Corwallis’s surrender.Image Courtesy ofhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.britishbattles.com/images/yorktown/yorktown.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.britishbattles.com/battle-yorktown.htm&h=331&w=460&sz=38&hl=en&start=1&tbnid=6LBZaWL9tehlzM:&tbnh=92&tbnw=128&prev=/images%3Fq%3DYorktown%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official_s%26sa%3DN

French Naval Help

Siege At Yorktown