Growth of European Exploration

Why Spain and Portugal?

• Both had shipbuilding and navigation experience

• Had strong crusading spirit

• Wanted to convert Indians to Roman Catholicism

Portugal

• Decided to sail SOUTH to reach the east

• Prince Henry the Navigator

– Set up a school to train sailors

• Bartolomeu Dias

– Proved they could reach the East by sailing around Africa.

• Vasco de Gama

– Rounded the Cape of Good Hope and sailed up the east coast of Africa

– Had trouble selling his goods to the Indians

– Finally able to buy spices

– Able to finance 60 more voyages!!

• Portugal was first Europeans to come in contact with China

• Resulted in great wealth

• Francis Xavier

– Missionary who worked in Japan to convert people to Roman Catholicism

Spain

• Decided to sail WEST to reach the east

Christopher Columbus

• Portugal wouldn’t finance him

• Went to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain

• Landed in the Caribbean islands, not India

Ferdinand Magellan

• Sailed around the world

• He died in the Philippines

• His crew finished the voyage in three years

England

• Sir Francis Drake

– Sailed around the world

Conquistadors

• Spanish Conquerors. Sent to find gold and conquer the people

Hernando Cortes

• Came in contact with the Aztecs

• Montezuma was their leader

• They believed that the Spanish King was Quetzalcoatl

• Cortes eventually massacred most of the Aztecs

Cortes

Montezuma

Francisco Pizarro (pih ZAHR oh)

• Encountered the Incas

• He took the Inca (king),

Atahualpa (ah tuh WAHL puh) captive

• Inca delivered gold and silver for his release

• Pizarro killed him anyway

Pizarro

Atahualpa

Ch. 7 Sec. 3Discussion Question

1. How did the Portuguese expand to India and

Southeast Asia, and how did they interact

with the people of these regions?