ch 9 sec 2
TRANSCRIPT
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The Age of Reason
• The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in Europe are called the Age of Reason
– Many believed that reason could replace faith in the Bible
– Emphasis on man’s ability often turned people away from the Creator
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Contributions from the Past
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Hippocrates
• Father of Medicine
• Rejected notion that disease was a supernatural punishment by the gods
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Hippocrates
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Hippocratic Oath (original)
I will prescribe regiments for the good of my patients according to my ability and my judgment and never do harm to anyone
I will not give a lethal drug to anyone if I am asked, nor will I advise such a plan; and similarly I will not give a woman a pessary (device) to cause an abortion.
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In every house where I come I will enter only for the good of my patients.
If I keep this oath faithfully, may I enjoy my life and practice my art…but if I swerve from it or violate it, may the reverse be my lot.
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Euclid
• Father of Geometry
• Founded a school of Mathematics
• His textbook, Elements, formed the basis for all geometry textbooks
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Euclid
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Eratosthenes
• Determined the distance around the earth
• Devised the lines of latitude and longitude found on maps today.
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Albert the Great
• A Dominican friar
• Played an important role in introducing Muslim documents to medieval universities
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Albert the Great
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Roger Bacon
• Made significant contributions in the areas of physics, geography and optics
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Roger Bacon
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• Medieval science came to a sudden halt with the appearance of the Black Death
• During the Renaissance, tradition was replaced with observations
– Scientists experimented, recorded findings, and reached conclusions
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Copernicus
• He believed that the earth revolved around the sun, not the sun around the earth.
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Copernicus
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Galileo Galilei
• Used the telescope to support Copernicus’s ideas
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Galileo Galilei
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• People were scared of Copernicus and Galileo’s findings.
– If they were right, the Bible must be wrong because is says that the sun appears to move through the heavens
– Also if the earth, man’s home, is not at the center of the universe, then perhaps man is not important in this world.
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Sir Isaac Newton
• Discovered the laws of gravity and motion
• Developed an advanced form of calculus
• Invented the reflecting telescope
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Sir Isaac Newton
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Edmond Halley
• Recorded the position and motion of hundreds of stars.
• Developed theory about the orbit of comets
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Edmond Halley
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Sir William Herschel
• Discovered the planet Uranus
• Built a massive forty-foot long telescope
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Sir William Herschel
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Paracelsus
• Stated the body was mostly chemicals and should be treated with chemicals
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Paracelsus
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Andreas Vesalius
• Developed his work on anatomy by dissecting human bodies
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Andreas Vesalius
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William Harvey
• Discovered that blood is pumped by the heart and travels through the body in blood vessels
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William Harvey
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Edward Jenner
• Discovered a way to prevent people from getting smallpox through a vaccine
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Edward Jenner
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Robert Boyle
• Contributed to Chemistry with his work with gases
• He was a Christian who lectured in defense of Christianity
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Robert Boyle
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Antoine Lavoisier
• Father of modern chemistry
• Named oxygen and hydrogen
• Formulated the law of conservation of matter – matter cannot be created or destroyed, rather, it can only change form
• Assembled the first known list of elements
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Antoine Lavoisier
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Three mathematical improvements
1. Use of Arabic numbers
2. The decimal point
3. Mathematical notation
Five thousand, three hundred seventy five plus ten thousand, six hundred fifty three