Catalyst – December 990, 2010WAY BACK WEDNESDAY!!!

1. Why are flies so hard to swat?

2. Why are there 360 degrees in a circle???

(Come up with something – try to answer!!!)

http://www.reekoscience.com/qanda.aspx

Today’s Agenda

Catalyst HW Review Home Plate: Acid-Base

Neutralization Foldable Work Time Exit Question

Today’s Objectives

SWBAT describe acid-base neutralization reactions with words and equations.

SWBAT describe real-life applications of acid-base neutralization reactions.

Review from Yesterday

1st Base: Dissociation 2nd Base: Characteristics of As

and Bs 3rd Base: pH Home Plate: TODAY!!!!

POP QUIZ!!!!(6 minutes)

Why is Understanding pH Important?

Kidney Stone TreatmentPool pH Levels

Kidney Stones

Kidney stones are hard, solid rocks that form in the urinary tract. They are one of the most painful ailments. If a stone (even a small one) becomes lodged and blocks the flow of urine, excruciating pain may result, and prompt medical intervention may be needed.

Kidney Stones

Testing the Acidity of Urine Testing whether urine is acid or alkaline helps

to identify the specific type of stone. The levels of acid or alkaline in any solution, including urine, are indicated by the pH scale:

A pH value of 7.0 is neutral. A solution with a low pH (below 7.0) is acidic.

(A low pH favors uric acid and cystine stones.) A solution with a high pH is alkaline. (A high

pH favors calcium phosphate and struvite stones.)

Pool pH Levels

Water that is either too acidic or too alkaline will cause undesirable chemical reactions. If the water is too acidic, it will corrode metal

equipment, cause etching on the surface materials, and cause skin irritation.

If the water is too alkaline (basic), it can cause scaling on the pool surface and plumbing equipment and can cloud the water.

Additionally, both high acidity and high alkalinity alters the effectiveness of the chlorine. The chlorine won't destroy pathogens as well if the water is too alkaline, and it will dissipate much more quickly if the water is too acidic.

Pool pH Levels

Most pool experts recommend a pool pH between 7.2 and 7.8. Adding sodium carbonate (soda ash)

or sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) will generally raise the pH, and adding muriatic acid or sodium bisulfate will lower the pH.

Maintaining the proper balance of chemicals in the pool is a continual process, because any new element -- oils from a swimmer's body, a shot of chlorine, stuff that falls in the water -- shifts the water's total chemical makeup.

HOME PLATE(Neutralization

)

Acid-Base Neutralization Reactions

REAL-LIFEEXAMPLES

#1: Acid Reflux and Tums

The human stomach produces hydrochloric acid (HCl), commonly known as "stomach acid“

Stomach acid is made when you eat something, but when a person eats something requiring the stomach to work EXTRA hard—say, a pizza—the stomach may generate EXCESS hydrochloric acid, and the result is HEARTBURN

Here’s an Animation!

http://health.howstuffworks.com/diseases-conditions/digestive/adam-200087.htm

#1: Acid Reflux and Tums

When this happens, people often take antacids, which contain chemicals such as…

aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)3

ormagnesium

hydroxide Mg(OH)2

What do these chemicals have in

common?

More In-Depth Info

Antacids neutralize digestive acids and are the primary drugs for mild symptoms. They are best used alone for relief of occasional and unpredictable episodes of heartburn. They all work by neutralizing the acid in the stomach. They may also stimulate the defensive systems in the stomach by increasing bicarbonate and mucous secretion. Many antacids are available without prescription and are the first drugs recommended to relieve heartburn and mild symptoms. Despite the many brands, they all rely on various combinations of three basic ingredients: magnesium, calcium, or aluminum.

#1: Acid Reflux and Tums

THEY ARE BASES!!!!!! DUH Ms. Stroh!

True…taking an antacid when there is excess acid in your stomach neutralizes the acid

HCl + Al(OH)3 →What type of reaction

is this??

#1: Acid Reflux and Tums

HCl + Al(OH)3 →We just turned that aggressive acid into neutral old water…

AlCl3 + H2O

So, What will be the products of this reaction?

DON’T FORGET TO KRISS KROSS!

Can Your Stomach Digest Itself??? http://health.howstuffworks.com/human-

body/systems/digestive/question464.htm

#2: First Aid for Toilet Bowl Cleaner Spill or Ingestion

Danger: Corrosive - produces chemical burns.Contains Hydrochloric Acid.

Do not get in eyes, on skin. May be fatal if swallowed. Do not breath vapor or fumes. First-Aid: Internal - Call physician. Drink a

teaspoonof magnesia, chalk, small pieces of soap, raw

eggwhite, or milk. External - Eyes - Wash with water for 15 minutes. Skin - Wipe acid off gently, flood with water, cover with moist

magnesia or baking soda.

#3: Treating Acidic Soil After Mining

#3: Treating Acidic Soil

When land formerly used for mining is reclaimed, the acidic water in the area must be neutralized, and the use of calcium oxide (CaO) as a base is one means of doing so. Acidic soil, too, can be neutralized by the introduction of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or limestone, along with magnesium carbonate (MgCO3).

If soil is too basic, as for instance in areas where there has been too little precipitation, acid-like substances such as calcium sulfate or gypsum (SaSO4) can be used. In either case, neutralization promotes plant growth.

Neutralization!

Key Point #1: A neutralization reaction is a double-replacement reaction in which an acid and a base react to produce water and a salt Acid + Base Water + Salt HY + X(OH) H2O + XY

DON’T FORGET TO

KRISS-KROSS!!!!

ACID BASE SALTWATER

Generic Equation

Neutralization Reactions

Write the balanced chemical reaction for hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide

HCl + NaOH →NaCl + H2OACID BAS

ESALT WATE

R

Example

Nitric acid (HNO3)and potassium hydroxide

Balanced Equation:

Name the Products:

Together

Carbonic acid (H2CO3) and calcium hydroxide

Balanced Equation:

Name the Products:

Acid-Base Foldable!

Left Side: Acid Info Right Side: Base Info Center: Info

Define pH Draw a pH Scale with at least 5

common items labeled Define neutralization reaction with

general equation and at least 2 example equations

Give at least one real-world example of neutralization with words and/or pics

Exit Question

1. Give an example of an acid (chemical formula) and describe how it fits the definition of an acid.

2. Which is a stronger base, pH=10 or pH=13?Worksheet for HOMEWORK!!!We will finish foldables tom in

class!