Application for IEC 61850 Parallel Redundant Protocol on a University Campus Micro Grid Power Distribution and Generating System

Ken Schlapkohl, MDM w/ABB EPES

Overview

• Background/History• Application Requirements• Brief Overview of IEC 61850• Network Design/Options • Network Design/Options w/IEC 61850 Parallel Redundant

Protocol (PRP)• Additional Challenges During Implementation• Conclusions

Background/History• Iowa State University, Ames Iowa

• Research and Teaching Institution with over 42,000 students and faculty• Long History for Generating Electricity

• 1884 Edison Isolated Electric Plant• 1st Campus Light Bulbs Provided by T. Edison for the Physics Lab• By 1890 All Major Buildings Illuminated by Electric Lights

• Campus Power is distributed at 13.8 & 4.16 kV • 46MW of Generated Power w/Connections to City of Ames through two 20 MVA

Transformers• 50-60% of the Power from on Campus Generation

Background/History

C ty o es 69 eeds

52

52 525252

Campus Loads

525252 525252

Campus Loads

13.8kV

52

52

Gen

13.8kV

52

525252 525252

Campus Loads

52

52

Gen

13.8kV

52

52

Gen

5252 52

Campus Loads

52

Gen

4.16kV

5252

52

5252 5252

52

4.16kV

52

525252525252

52

13.8kV

52

52

52

5252 525252

Campus Loads

13.8kV

52

52

52

M M

5252 52

M M

Campus Loads

Campus Loads

52 52

M

Abbreviated Campus Power Grid Over View

Application Requirements• Campus Grid Expansion Prompted Evaluation for a Change Out

of the Existing Electro-mechanical Relays to Solid State Intelligent Electronic Devices (IED’s)

• Multifaceted Evaluation Process • Function Set, Flexibility, Scalability, Ease of Use, Total Integration

• Existing Relays Interconnects Required a hard wire system Making Some Connections Difficult or Impossible based on Distance

• Segregating Power Sources required to minimize fault levels• Arc Flash Detection to Lower Incident Energy• Campus Distribution System Creates a Micro Grid that Permits

Power to route in a Number of Different Combinations• Monitoring & Control of Power Factor • Communications Link required to the City of Ames• Redundant Communications Path

Brief Overview of IEC 61850

• A Global Standard Evolving out of ANSI UCA 2.0 and IEC 60870-5-103• Collaborative Effort from Both Standards Groups for issue resolution and device

level • Creates long term Stability for Communications Between Intellegent Electronic

Devices (IED’s) • Allows interoperability between different protective relay manufactures

• Common Platform for Data Exchange via Generic Object Orientated Substation Event (GOOSE)

• Transmission Rated Devices rated for 4 ms and Distribution Rated Devises rated for 8 ms.

• Utilizes Ethernet as Communications Backbone to Guarantee the Data Exchange Rate

• Error Checking as part of the Standard

Network Design/Options

• Network Communication Failure Points• IED (A)• Cable from IED to Ethernet Switch (B)• Ethernet Switch (C) • Cable from Ethernet Switch to Ethernet Switch (D)

Ethernet Switch

IED IED IED IED IED

Ethernet Switch

IED IED IED IED IED

Ethernet Switch

IED IED IED IED IED

Multiple Locations with Multiple IEDs

CopperFiber

(A)

(B)

(D)(C)

Network Design/Options

Ethernet Switch

IED IED IED IED IED

Ethernet Switch

IED IED IED IED IED

Ethernet Switch

IED IED IED IED IED

Multiple Locations with Multiple IEDs

CopperFiber

• Network Communication Failure Points• IED (A)• Cable from IED to Ethernet Switch (B)• Ethernet Switch (C)

• Ethernet Switch Location to Ethernet Switch Location Still Capable (D)

(A)

(B)(D)(C)

Network Design/Options

• Network Communication Failure Points• IED (A) • Ethernet Switch (C)

• Ethernet Switch Location to Ethernet Switch Location Still Capable (D)

• IED Location to Ethernet Switch Same Location Still Capable via Ring Bus (B)

Ethernet Switch Ethernet SwitchEthernet Switch

Multiple Locations with Multiple IEDs

Copper or FiberFiber

IED IED IED IED IEDIED IED IED IED IEDIED IED IED IED IED(A) (B)

(D)(C)

Network Design/Options w/IEC 61850 Parallel Redundant Protocol (PRP)

Multiple Locations with Multiple IEDs

Copper or FiberFiber

Ethernet Switch A

IED IED IED IED IED

Ethernet Switch B

Ethernet Switch A

IED IED IED IED IED

Ethernet Switch B

Ethernet Switch A

IED IED IED IED IED

Ethernet Switch B

• Network Communication Failure Points• IED (A)

• Ethernet Switch Location to Ethernet Switch Location Still Capable (D)

• IED Location to Ethernet Switch at Same Location Still Capable via Connection to Alternate Network Ethernet Switch (B)

• IED to Ethernet Switch Still Capable by Alternate Switch Connection (C)

(A)

(B)

(D)(C)

Additional Challenges During Implementation

• Some IEC 61850 Devices did not support PRP• Required Special Network Interface Module

• Campus DCS System Accessed Data thru Redundant MicroScada Devices via OPC Link

• Redundant MicroScada Served as Back Up for Campus Distributed Control System

Ethernet Switch A

IED IED IED IED

Ethernet Switch B

PRP Interface

61850 Device w/o

PRP

MicroScada Aw/61850 PRP

MicroScada Bw/61850 PRP

OPC Data ConnectionDomain A

OPC Data ConnectionDomain B

Symphony Plus Power Plant Control DCS

Fiber Ring B

Fiber Ring A

Conclusions

• IEC 61850 Parallel Redundant Protocol allowed ISU the greatest amount of Flexibility and Scalability for their Networking Application

• The speed of the GOOSE message permitted ISU to interface protective Relays Across Campus with Control Schemes that were not possible before with hard wired systems

• Cable Compartment Arc Flash Detection in Remote Switchgear Lowering Incident Energy Levels

• Maintain Power by closing or opening Tie Connections on loss of a source or reverse power flow

• Validate Remote Synchronization of Sources

• Network Security – Secure locations with open ports and no wireless connections

• Redundant Network Connections with Error Checking/Alarming for any network segment or component loss

Questions?