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Buaya vs. Polo

G.R. No. L-75079 ; January 26, 1989

Facts:

Solemnidad Buaya i an inuran!e a"en# o$ %ri&a#e !om%lainan# o$ 'oun#ry Ban(er

)nuran!e 'or%ora#ion. *ri&a#e re%onden# Buaya, +a au#oried #o #rana!# and

under+ri#e inuran!e uine and !olle!# #e !orre%ondin" %remium $or and in eal$

o$ #e %ri&a#e re%onden#. /nder #e #erm o$ #e a"en!y a"reemen#, #e %e#i#ioner i

reuired #o ma(e a %eriodi! re%or# and a!!oun#in" o$ er #rana!#ion and remi#

%remium !olle!#ion #o #e %rin!i%al o$$i!e o$ %ri&a#e re%onden# lo!a#ed in #e 'i#y o$

anila. lle"edly, an audi# +a !ondu!#ed on %e#i#ioner3 a!!oun# +i! o+ed a

or#a"e. Se +a !ar"ed +i# e#a$a e$ore #e Re"ional 4rial 'our# o$ anila.

*ri&a#e re%onden# $iled a mo#ion #o dimi, alle"in" #a# #e Re"ional 4rial 'our# o$

anila a no uridi!#ion o&er #e o$$ene in!e #e !olle!#ion +a done in 'eu 'i#y

and #e o$$ene !om%lained o$ i %urely !i&il in na#ure. 4e R4' denied #e mo#ion #o

dimi.

Issues:

1 e#er or no# R4' anila a uridi!#ion o&er #e !ae.2 e#er o$ no# #e o$$ene !om%lained i %urely !i&il in na#ure, en!e +arran# #e

dimial o$ #e !riminal !ae.

Ruling:

4e Su%reme 'our# rei#era#ed #a# #e a&ermen# in #e !om%lain# or in$orma#ion

!ara!#erie #e !rime #o e %roe!u#ed and #e !our# e$ore +i! i# mu# e #ried.

4u, in order #o de#ermine #e uridi!#ion o$ #e !our# in !riminal !ae, #e !om%lain#

mu# e eamined $or #e %ur%oe o$ a!er#ainin" +e#er or no# #e $a!# e# ou#

#erein and #e %unimen# %ro&ided $or y la+ $all +i#in #e uridi!#ion o$ #e !our#

+ere #e !om%lain# i $iled. 4e uridi!#ion o$ !our# in !riminal !ae i de#ermined y

#e alle"a#ion o$ #e !om%lain# or in$orma#ion, and no# y #e $indin" #e !our# may

ma(e a$#er #e #rial.

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ur#er, Se!#ion 1:a, Rule 110 o$ #e Re&ied Rule o$ 'our# %ro&ide< )n all !riminal

= %roe!u#ion #e a!#ion all e in#i#u#ed and #ried in #e !our# o$ #e muni!i%ali#y or

%ro&in!e +erein #e o$$ene +a !ommi##ed or any o$ #e een#ial elemen# #ereo$

#oo( %la!e.

4e ue!# in$orma#ion !ar"e %e#i#ioner +i# e#a$a !ommi##ed >durin" #e %eriod

1980 #o June 15, 1982 in!lui&e in the City of Manila, Philippines .. . .>

'learly #en, $rom #e &ery alle"a#ion o$ #e in$orma#ion #e Re"ional 4rial 'our# o$

anila a uridi!#ion.

Beide, #e !rime o$ e#a$a i a !on#inuin" or #rani#ory o$$ene +i! may e

%roe!u#ed a# #e %la!e +ere any o$ #e een#ial elemen# o$ #e !rime #oo( %la!e.

?ne o$ #e een#ial elemen# o$ e#a$a i dama"e or %reudi!e #o #e o$$ended %ar#y.

4e %ri&a#e re%onden# a i# %rin!i%al %la!e o$ uine and o$$i!e a# anila. 4e

$ailure o$ #e %e#i#ioner #o remi# #e inuran!e %remium e !olle!#ed alle"edly !aued

dama"e and %reudi!e #o %ri&a#e re%onden# in anila.

#o #e e!ond iue, #e !on#en#ion #a# #e ue!# ma##er i %urely !i&il in na#ure,

u$$i!e i# #o #a#e #a# e&iden#iary $a!# on #i %oin# a&e #ill #o e %ro&ed.

@illa$lor &. @i&ar

a!#

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+a made in !onne!#ion +i# #e !ar"e o$ eriou%yi!al inurie ould a&e een

aored y #e la##er,and e!aue #e !our# did no# a!uire uridi!#ion o&er i#.4'

denied #e mo#ion #o ua. @i&ar $iled $or a mo#ion $orre!onidera#ion +i! +a a"ain

denied. Ce +a arrai"nedand %leaded no# "uil#y. @i&ar $iled a %e#i#ion $or !er#iorari in#e

R4' R4' "ran#ed #e mo#ion #o ua and denied #emo#ion $or re!onidera#ion $iled

y @illa$lor. @illa$lor $iled a%e#i#on $or !er#iorari +i# #e Su%reme 'our#

.)ue