book 8: uptake pathways - petrra - an experiment in pro-poor agricultural research

8/14/2019 Book 8: Uptake pathways - PETRRA - an experiment in pro-poor agricultural research

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2/74

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3/74

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4/74?

Q~tfla iatbjd{ ra{afrkb0 tba AT__F a~arcahka

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16/74

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17/746161

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19/74

FO[T_FKT

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gfriar{( Tj ~rjwcda fkka{{ jg ~jjrgfriar{ tj kjh{c{taht chgjriftcjh fhdtakbhjmjeca{ ch tba gcamd jg rcka)of{adlhjumadea- trfchche- ch~qt{ fhd wjcka jgtba ~jjr- f gjkfm fraf gjrqi "GFG#

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20/74??

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CHT_JDQKTCJH

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22/7444

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29/74

^fqm W( Iama- F( [fmfbqddch fhd Hjam ^( Ifejr

CHT_JDQKTCJH

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30/74?

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31/74;

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TBA AHTA_^_C[A UAO

Ifhs ejjd takbhjmjeca{ fra hjt fdj~tados gfriar{( Ft tcia{- tbc{ ifs hjt oa dqatj chf~~rj~rcftaha{{ jg tba takbhjmjes-

oqt fh cehjrche jg gfktjr{ tbft fra {jkcfm-jrefhc{ftcjhfm- akjhjick jr ~arka~tqfm(

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chhjwftcjh( Drfuche jqt wc{qfmms afkbfktcwcts ~frfmmam{ tba fktcwcts kbfch q{ad chtba fhfms{c{ jg kji~atctcwa fdwfhtfea choq{cha{{( Tba tbraa kf{a {tqdca{ kjhtrf{t(

Gcr{t- c{ tba dc{{aichftcjh jg tbachtaerftad rcka)dqkl {s{tai( Ct c{ f mju)kj{t- jrefhck gfriche iatbjd gjr {ifmmahtra~rahaqr{( Dqkl{ ft f {~akcgcad feafhd gjr f {~akcgcad tcia ~arcjd fra erjuhtjeatbar uctb rcka- uctb oahagct{ tj dqkl{

fhd tba rcka( Fkka{{ tj dqklmche{ fhdwfkkcha{ uara tuj krctckfm ch~qt{ tbft uara

mshkb~ch fktcwctca{ gjr tba dc{{aichftcjhjg tba takbhjmjes( Tba{a uara tba

uafla{t mchl{( Fh jrefhc{ftcjh iq{t oqcmd{qrats frjqhd tba{a fktcwctca{( Tbc{ kf{a{tqds ifla{ tba ci~jrtfht jo{arwftcjh

tbft tba atah{cjh {trftaes gjr f ecwahtakbhjmjes c{ jrefhc{ftcjh da~ahdaht(

Tba {akjhd kf{a {tqds gjkq{a{ jh tbaifhqgfktqrche- ifrlatche fhd q{a jg tbaijocma ~qi~ gjr {ifmm){kfma crrceftcjh( Chtba tcdfm fraf jg {jqtbarh Ofhemfda{b{qrgfka crrceftcjh gjr waeatfoma{ fhd rcka

uf{ bcebms f~~rj~rcfta( Tba hjh)ejwarhiahtfm jrefhc{ftcjh "HEJ#Chtarhftcjhfm Dawamj~iaht Ahtar~rc{a{

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uara tba oahagckcfrca{ jg tbc{ ifrlathatujrl( CDA fktcwctca{ chkmqdad oqcmdchefh aggaktcwa hatujrl fhd tba ~rjijtcjhjg tba ijocma ~qi~( Gjr {q{tfchfocmcts jgtba takbhjmjes- ct uf{ haka{{frs tbftifhqgfktqrar{- dafmar{- iakbfhck{ fhdgfriar{ afkb ifda f ~rjgct(

Tba gchfm kf{a {tqds chtrjdqka{ tba wfmqakbfch f~~rjfkb gjr ~rjdqktcjh fhdifrlatche jg frjiftck rcka( Jhka fefch-tba wc{qfm q{a jg tba ahtar~rc{a uaobam~ad cdahtcgs chtarda~ahdaht fktcwctca{-hfiams a{tfomc{bche f erjuar of{a- tba rckaicmmar{ fhd tba hftcjhfm a~jrtar{ erjq~(

Tba HEJ F^AR uf{ {trjhe ft mchlchetba A~jrtar F{{jkcftcjh- oqt hjt {j{trjhe ch jrefhc{che gfriar erjq~{(



Jwarwcau jg tba ojjlChhjwftcjh{ ch rqrfmatah{cjh0 kf{a {tqdca{ grji Ofhemfda{bJwarwcau jg tba ojjlChhjwftcjh{ ch rqrfmatah{cjh0 kf{a {tqdca{ grji Ofhemfda{b


32/744

^jtahtcfm mjkfm ~frthar{ uara cdahtcgcad

ubj kjqmd dj tba mfttar( Ch tbc{ raefrd- tba

q{a jg trfh{fktcjh kj{t tbajrs bam~ad

kbfmmahea tba kqmtqra jg fh jrefhc{ftcjh

ejche {jmj( _ftbar tbfh FÂR wartckfmms

chtaerftche- ct ifda ijra {ah{a tjkjhtrfkt jqt tba a{tfomc{biaht jg erjuar

erjq~{(

Tba wc{qfm hftqra jg tba ahtar~rc{a uao

bam~ad {arwcka ~rjwcdar{ kmfrcgs a{{ahtcfm

fktcwctca{( Ubcma q{che tba aarkc{a uctb

{arwcka ~rjwcdar{- ua ah{qrad tbft afkb

ahtar~rc{a uao chkmqdad fh fktcwcts gjr

cdahtcgsche ~jjr gfriar{( Gjr tbc{ fktcwcts-

HEJ{ tbft fmrafds bfwa fh a{tfomc{bad

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jrefhc{ftcjhfm {jkcfm kf~ctfm c{ krctckfm(

^_J)^JJ_ [AAD [S[TAI[

Gfriar{ ra~aftadms iahtcjhad mcictad

fkka{{ tj ejjd {aad f{ f las kjh{trfcht( Ch

ra{~jh{a- ÂT__F ~qt {trjhe gjkq{ jh

kraftche chhjwftcwa iakbfhc{i{ gjr

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tj tba djjr{ta~ jg ifma fhd gaifma

ra{jqrka)~jjr gfriar{( Tba Hftcjhfm [aad

Fkt jg 6335 tbft {jqebt tj ~rjijta

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~rjdqktcjh ~rjwcdad tba maefm grfiaujrl

gjr ÂT__F tj tfla q~ tba kbfmmahea tj

{tciqmfta chhjwftcjh{ ch {aad {s{tai{(

Tba gcr{t tuj kf{a {tqdca{ fra mad os tba Fdf~tcwa _a{afrkb Dcwc{cjh "F_D# fhd

tba Eahatck _a{jqrka{ fhd [aad

^rjdqktcjh Dcwc{cjh{ "E_[D# jg O__C

da{krcoa f hau f~~rjfkb tj takbhjmjes

cdahtcgckftcjh fhd tba dawamj~iaht jg f

rcka {aad hatujrl( Gjr F_D- tba

chhjwftcjh mfs ch tflche chtj fkkjqht~jwarts fhd ujiah ch awfmqftche

iqmtc~ma wfrcatca{( Fh ahtbq{cf{tck HEJ

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ahtrs ~jcht gjr tba ejwarhiaht feahkca{-

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chkraf{ad daifhd gjr oraadar {aad- tba

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[jkcats "FF[# ch ct{ GF_I[AAD ijdam

~qt gfriar{ ft tba bafrt jg tba {aad

{s{tai fhd dawamj~ad f {trftaeck hatujrl

jg 74 HEJ{ fhd kjiiqhcts)of{ad

jrefhc{ftcjh{ "KOJ{#( Tba Erfiaah

Lrc{bc Gjqhdftcjh "ELG# cdahtcgcad

gfriar{ ubj juhad ma{{ tbfh >(1 baktfra-~rjka{{ad tba {aad ch f kahtrfm ~rjka{{che

gfkcmcts oqt efwa erjuar{ f ~rcjrcts tj oqs

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ah{qrad gfriar{- ratfcmar{ fhd ELG f

gchfhkcfmms {q{tfchfoma oq{cha{{( Gchfmms-

tba _fhe~qr Dchf`~qr _qrfm [arwcka

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ac{tche gadarftcjh{ tbft kji~rc{ad ;>)4>

erjq~{ ft tba qhcjh mawam uctb ?17

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c{ ra{~jh{coma gjr vqfmcts kjhtrjm fhd

ifrlatche(

Afkb kf{a {tqds {bju{ bju tba

jrefhc{ftcjh{ oqcmt jh tbacr juh {trahetb{

fhd drau ch mchlfea{ tj f~~rj~rcfta

{jqrka{ jg ejwarhiaht a~artc{a(

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ramftcjh{bc~ oatuaah ejwarhiaht fhd

HEJ{- uctb afkb orcheche {~akcgck {lcmm{tj tba mchl{(






33/741

^AJ^MA FHD ^_J)^JJ_CHHJWFTCJH [S[TAI[

%Chhjwftcjh{ ch rqrfm atah{cjh% ojjl{bju{ tbft atah{cjh c{ fojqt ujrlche

uctb iqmtc~ma fktjr{- afkb uctb tbacr~ar{jhfm fhd ch{tctqtcjhfm bc{tjrca{-hjri{- wfmqa{ fhd chtara{t{( Ct c{ fojqteattche tba takbhjmjeca{ rcebt- ci~rjwchefkka{{ tj ch~qt{- lhjumadea fhd ifrlat{

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takbhjmjeca{- haejtcfta kjhtrfkt{ fhd {jjh# fra ramftcwams bcebar kji~frad tjoattar)jgg gfriche gficmca{( Ch fddctcjh-tba {trftaeca{ ~aj~ma q{a tj kj~a uctb~jwarts fra vqcta dcwar{a( Tbc{ fdd{ tj tbahaad gjr ~mqrfmcts ch atah{cjh fhd tbarakjehctcjh tbft atah{cjh ~ftbufs{ fhdiatbjd{ ai~mjsad iq{t oa ~qr~j{agqm ch~rjwcdche fkka{{ gjr ~jjrar bjq{abjmd{(

Gjr eraftar avqcts ch rafkbche ujiah-

kjiiqhcts)of{ad jrefhc{ftcjh{ uctbgmacoma ai~mjsiaht f~~rjfkba{ ifsf{{c{t ch chkraf{che ujiah%{ fkka{{ tjatah{cjh {arwcka{(

Ubft c{ f~~fraht ch tba kf{a {tqdca{ c{ tbahqioar jg ~frthar{bc~{ tbft orjqebttjeatbar kji~maiahtche {lcmm{( Gjrafi~ma- gjr gfriar{ tj bfwa ejjd)vqfmcts

{aad jg tba ij{t rakahtms ramaf{ad wfrcatca{ ft tbacr djjr{ta~- tbara uf{ frjma gjr tba Ofhemfda{b _cka _a{afrkbCh{tctqta fhd mjkfm {ifmm {aad {q~~mcar{(Gjr kji~ma jr lhjumadea)chtah{cwa

takbhjmjeca{- iadcftjr{ ahfomad mjkfmfeaht{ tj damcwar( F ijtcwftad mjkfmejwarhiaht uf{ wars aggaktcwa ch{~rafdche f ia{{fea oasjhd tba ojrdar{jg f wcmmfea( Chctcftcwa{- {qkb f{ raecjhfmfktjr{ kjiche tjeatbar- fddad tj tbakjh{c{tahks jg ia{{fea{ tj gfriar{ ft fmjuar kj{t tbrjqeb tba {bfrche jg {lcmm{(Gjr afkb takbhjmjes- tba ij{t f~~rj~rcftaatah{cjh iatbjd bfd tj oa dagchad tbftfm{j iftkbad tba kf~fkcts jg tbajrefhc{ftcjh fhd tba kmcaht(

Ua gjqhd ifhs mjkfm jrefhc{ftcjh{ djcheakctche ujrl( Ua bj~a tbft tba aggjrt{ifda tj bam~ tbai tamm tbacr {tjrs ucmmahrckb tba atah{cjh mfhd{kf~a tbrjqeb{bfrche fhd kamaorftche tbacr mjkfmkraftcwcts fhd iatbjdjmjeckfm dcwar{cts(



Jwarwcau jg tba ojjlChhjwftcjh{ ch rqrfmatah{cjh0 kf{a {tqdca{ grji Ofhemfda{bJwarwcau jg tba ojjlChhjwftcjh{ ch rqrfmatah{cjh0 kf{a {tqdca{ grji Ofhemfda{b

6Iama- ^( W(- [fmfbqddch- F( fhd Ifejr- H( ^(- adctjr{( ?>>1( Chhjwftcjh{ ch _qrfm Atah{cjh0 Kf{a [tqdca{ grji

Ofhemfda{b( KFOC ^qomc{bche- KFO Chtarhftcjhfm- Ufmmchegjrd- QL- fhd Kfiorcdea- If{{(- Q[F(


34/74

[qeea{tad kctftcjh0

Iama- ^( W(- [fmfbqddch- F( fhd Ifejr- H( ^( ?>>5( Jwarwcau jg tba ojjl Chhjwftcjh{ ch rqrfm atah{cjh0 kf{a {tqdca{

grji Ofhemfda{b( Ch0 Ifejr- H( ^(- [fmfbqddch- F(- Bfvqa- I(- Oc{uf{- T( L( fhd Ofhharifh- I(- adctjr{( ^AT__F )

fh a~arciaht ch ~rj)~jjr ferckqmtqrfm ra{afrkb( Q~tfla ~ftbufs{ orcag hj( 2(;( Dbflf "Ofhemfda{b#0 ^jwarts

Amcichftcjh Tbrjqeb _cka _a{afrkb F{{c{tfhka ^rj`akt- Chtarhftcjhfm _cka _a{afrkb Ch{tctqta( 7 ~(


35/74

^fqm W( Iama- F( [fmfbqddch fhd Hjam ^( Ifejr

/Ci~rjwche fkka{{ tj takbhjmjeca{ fhd {arwcka{ gjr ra{jqrka)~jjr gfriar{- iah fhd ujiah-

c{ jha tbche< kjh{cdarche tbai f{ ~frthar{- hjt `q{t f{ rakc~caht{ jr oahagckcfrca{- sat fhjtbar(/

ARTAH[CJH- KJI^MARCTS FHD^JWA_TS

Chhjwftcjh{ ch rqrfm atah{cjh {bju{ tbftatah{cjh c{ fojqt ujrlche uctb iqmtc~ma

fktjr{- afkb uctb tbacr ~ar{jhfm fhdch{tctqtcjhfm bc{tjrca{- hjri{- wfmqa{ fhd

chtara{t{( Ct c{ fojqt eattche tba

takbhjmjeca{ rcebt- ci~rjwche fkka{{ tj

ch~qt{- lhjumadea fhd ifrlat{ uctbch

ac{tche ~jmckca{- fhd {tciqmftche mafrhche

fhd a~arciahtftcjh( Tba{a dciah{cjh{-

fhd tba mawam tj ubckb tbas fra fddra{{ad

ch fh chtaerftad ifhhar- dataricha tba

{qkka{{ jg atah{cjh(

Fddche f ~jwarts f{~akt gqrtbarkji~mckfta{ afkb jg tba fojwa iahtcjhad

dciah{cjh{( Tba haad gjr gfriar

~frtckc~ftcjh oakjia{ ijra {trcheaht

ubah dawamj~che fhd ~rjijtche ~rj)~jjr

takbhjmjeca{ fhd ifrlat{( Oqt ~rcwfta

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atah{cjh feaht{ jgtah bfwa mcttma jr hj

a~arcahka ch ujrlche uctb tba ~jjr-

a{~akcfmms uctb ujiah( Cmmctarfks rfta{ fra

bcebar fijhe ~jjrar ~aj~ma- tbacr

~ar{jhfm hatujrl{ fra ma{{ amfojrfta fhd

trfh{fktcjh kj{t{ "ubckb ra~ra{aht{ tcia

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ifrlat{ fhd takbhjmjeca{- haejtcfta

kjhtrfkt{- fhd {j jh# fra ramftcwams bcebar

kji~frad tj oattar)jgg gfriche gficmca{(

Bceb trfh{fktcjh kj{t{ hjt jhms fggakt tba

~jjr ch eattche fkka{{ tj {q~~jrt- oqt fm{j

fggakt {arwcka damcwars feaht{ ubj ufht tj

tfreat tba ~jjr ubcma dawamj~che

atah{cjh jr oq{cha{{ ijdam{( Tj fdd tj

tba kji~macts jg rafkbche tba jha ocmmcjh

rqrfm ~jjr ch tbc{ ujrmd- jha bf{ tj

kjh{cdar tba dcwar{cts jg ~jwarts ct{amg

Oardaeq- @( F( "?>>>#( Tba dcwar{cts jg

{trftaeca{ ~aj~ma q{a tj kj~a uctb ~jwartsfdd{ tj tba haad gjr ~mqrfmcts ch atah{cjh(

^frtckc~ftjrs takbhjmjes dawamj~iaht c{ fh

chtaerfm ~frt jg tba chhjwftcjh {s{tai fhd

bf{ oaah fddra{{ad f{ {qkb ch tba wfrcjq{

kbf~tar{( _afdar)grcahdms jwarwcau{ kfh oa

gjqhd ch ojjl{ os F{bos at fm "?>>># fhd

Oahtmas fhd Oflar "?>>?#( Tba iqmtc)

gfkatad haad{ jg ~jjr gfriar{ fhd tba

iqmtc~ma daifhd{ jh tbacr ~rakcjq{ tcia

chgmqahka{ jqr kbjcka jg iatbjd{ gjr{ctqftcjh fhfms{c{- kjiiqhckftcjh fhd

trfchche( Tbc{ kfmm{ hjt jhms gjr dcwar{cts ch

atah{cjh iakbfhc{i{- oqt avqfmms gjr f

gmacoma q{a jg iqmtc~ma kjiiqhckftcjh

fhd mafrhche tjjm{ gcha)tqhad tj tba {~akcgck

kmcaht erjq~- fhd oqcmdche jh tba {trahetb{

jg tba rfhea jg {arwcka ~rjwcdar{ fwfcmfoma

ch tba {s{tai( Tbc{ chhjwftcjh {s{tai{

f~~rjfkb hjt jhms ijwa{ fufs grji tba

cdaf jg f jha){cpa)gct{)fmm takbhjmjes- oqt

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Tbc{ {aktcjh {shtba{c{a{ ma{{jh{ mafrht grji

tba ^jwarts Amcichftcjh Tbrjqeb _cka

_a{afrkb F{{c{tfhka "ÂT__F# ~rjàkt fhd

wahtqra{ chtj {jia hau fraf{( Ua ucmm gcr{t

da{krcoa tba chgmqahka jg ~jmcks jh ~aj~ma

drcwche tba chhjwftcjh {s{tai- gjmmjuad os

f dc{kq{{cjh jh tba dshfick rjma{ tbft

iqmtc~ma fktjr{ ~mfs ch ~rj)~jjr atah{cjh

fhd oq{cha{{ dawamj~iaht- fhd bju fktjr{

Q~tfla ~ftbufs{

orcag hj( 2(4

Q~tfla ~ftbufs{

orcag hj( 2(4

âj~ma fhd ~rj)~jjr chhjwftcjh {s{tai{âj~ma fhd ~rj)~jjr chhjwftcjh {s{tai{


36/74


37/74;

âj~ma fhd ~rj)~jjr chhjwftcjh {s{tai{

kbfmmahea{ tj chdqka ch{tctqtcjhfm kbfhea uara ahjrijq{( [tflabjmdar{ uctbch fhd

oasjhd DFA gamt tbft djhjr{ drjwa tba

feahdf fhd ~q{bad gjr tba vqcklfkbcawaiaht jg jqt~qt{ ch {jia fraf{-

ra{qmtche ch radqkad chtarhfm juhar{bc~"^f{taqr- ?>>?#( Ch fh chtarwcau uctb tba

Hau Ferckqmtqrfmc{t ch F~rcm ?>>>- Djhfm

Orjuh- f gjriar hftqrfm ra{jqrka{ fdwc{jrgjr DGCD ch Ofhemfda{b- kjhgcriad

tbc{0 /Jha kjqmd trs fhd ci~j{a \kbfhea{Yoqt- cg jha ci~j{a{- tba mjhe)tari

{q{tfchfocmcts jg tba{a fktcwctca{ c{ `q{t hjt

ejche tj bf~~ah(/

ÂT__F%{ ijdq{ j~arfhdc uf{ eqcdad

os ~rchkc~ma{ tbft {tjjd ch kjhtrf{t tj tbc{kbfrea jg %mfkl jg juhar{bc~%( Grji ct{

wars chka~tcjh ct hqrtqrad f %mafrhche os

djche% ahwcrjhiaht( ÂT__F dawamj~adcdaf{ `jchtms uctb tbacr ~frthar{ tbrjqeb

~ar{jhfm jr erjq~ chtarfktcjh{- fhd bam~ad

tbai tj ragmakt jh tbacr juh kji~frftcwafdwfhtfea{- tbacr {trahetb{ fhd

a~arcahka{- f{ {qkb kqmtcwftche mjkfmjuhar{bc~( Ifhs takbhjmjeca{ fhd

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jrefhc{ftcjh{(

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38/74


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40/74


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42/74


2

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atah{cjh jggckar{- jgtah mfkl tbalhjumadea jr kjhgcdahka tj gfkcmctfta tba




43/743


a{tfomc{biaht jg erjq~{ jg ~jjr gfriar{-da{~cta tbai kjh{tctqtche tba mfrea{t ~frtjg tba gfriche kjiiqhcts( [j- jha jg tbavqa{tcjh{ tbft frc{a c{0 Dj C jrefhc{agfriar erjq~{ is{amg jr a{tfomc{b f

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tbara fra gau afi~ma{ jg tbj{aaiofrlche jh ~qomck krj~ wfrcatca{- {qkb




44/74


6>

f{ {amg)~jmmchftad rcka fhd ubaft tbft fra

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45/7466


Crra{~aktcwa jg tba mawam jg ifrlatchtaerftcjh- ~qomck gqhd{ fra mclams tj oaravqcrad tj bam~ dc{{aichfta kji~ma~rj)~jjr takbhjmjeca{( Jhka hatujrl{fhd haka{{frs kjhdctcjh{ fra gqmgcmmad- tba

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fhd ahtra~rahaqr{ "UOK[D- ?>>4#( Trfchche tba ~jjr c{ kjh{cdarad fhaka{{frs chwa{tiaht(

Kf{a{ ~ra{ahtad ch tbc{ ojjl {q~~jrt tba

haad tj kjh{cdar ~jjr gfriar{ f{~frthar{- hjt `q{t f{ rakc~caht{ jroahagckcfrca{( Ecwche tbai tba

j~~jrtqhcts tj ~mfs f rjma ch damcwarche{arwcka{ tbai{amwa{- f{ f iafh{ tj {jkcfmfhd akjhjick ai~juariaht- j~ah{ q~ f

ubjma hau daofta jh ~qomck gqhdfmmjkftcjh( [awarfm chtara{tche kjhka~t{

fhd a~arcahka{ bfwa oaah ~ra{ahtadrakahtms "Lftp- ?>>?< _cwarf fhd Pc`~-?>>?< [kbaqariacar- ?>>;#( _ftbar tbfh

kbfhhammche ijhas tbrjqeb {arwcka~rjwcdar{- gjr ch{tfhka- ~qomck gqhd{ kjqmd

oa f{{cehad tj gfriar erjq~{ ubj tbahdakcda bju tj oa{t q{a ct(

Tbc{ ojjl ecwa{ afi~ma{ jg ifma fhd

gaifma ~jjr gfriar{- tflche jh tba rjma jg{aad ~rjdqkar{- {ammar{ fhd ifrlatchefeaht{- oqt fm{j jg atah{cjh feaht{( Jhkatrfchad- tbas vqcta af{cms a{tfomc{bad hauerjq~{ jg ~jjr gfriar{ ch jtbar wcmmfea{

fhd tfqebt tbai fojqt rcka fhd {aad~rjdqktcjh- f{ uamm f{ {jcm gartcmcts

ifhfeaiaht( _D_[ gadarftcjh{ {tfrtadtj q{a kjiiqhckftcwa gaifma gfriar{ f{ra{jqrka ~ar{jh{ tj trfch jtbar erjq~{-~fsche tbai Tl( 1> "Q[ Djmmfr{ >(3># ~ar{a{{cjh(

^qomck gqhd{ fmmjkftcjh c{ haadad ch uamm)chtaerftad fraf{ gjr tba damcwars jg{arwcka{ ramftad tj bafmtb- {fgats fhd tbaahwcrjhiaht- ubaraf{ {qo{tfhtcfm {q~~jrt

ucmm raifch krqkcfm gjr ferckqmtqrfmatah{cjh ramftad tj {qo{c{tahka krj~{ fhdgjr tbj{a fraf{ ubara fkka{{ tjchgjriftcjh- fdwcka fhd ifrlat{ c{ uafl"Gfrrchetjh at fm- ?>>?f fhd o#(

Mjkfm ejwarhiaht

Jha ujqmd oa tai~tad tj tbchl tbft mjkfmejwarhiaht{ fra ijra fufra jg ~aj~ma%{haad{- kjh{trfcht{ fhd j~~jrtqhctca{- fhd{bjqmd oa oattar foma tj ra{~jhd tj tba{atbfh tba kahtrfm ejwarhiaht( Fmtbjqebtbas kfh ~mfs f {cehcgckfht rjma chkjiiqhcts chctcftcwa{ gjr ferckqmtqrfmdawamj~iaht- mjkfm ejwarhiaht{ fra hjt fhaka{{frs jr {qggckcaht kjhdctcjh "Tahdmar-

6335< Oahtmas fhd Ojf- ?>>4#( [j gfr-ch Ofhemfda{b {jkcfm dawamj~iahtjrefhc{ftcjh{ bfwa oaah iqkb ijra ~rj)fktcwa ch chwjmwche mjkfm ejwarhiaht tbfhfktjr{ ujrlche ch tba gcamd jg ferckqmtqrabfwa oaah( [bcgt{ ifs erfdqfmms jkkqr

uctb {jia HEJ{ "ra#dc{kjwarche tbaci~jrtfhka jg ferckqmtqra ch rqrfmdawamj~iaht(

Fmtbjqeb kmafr oahagct{ kjqmd oa raf~ad-

ij{t ^AT__F ~frthar{ dcd hjt a{tfomc{bmchl{ uctb tba mjkfm ejwarhiaht jr Qhcjh^frc{bfd( Gjr tba rcka)dqkl fhd ijocma~qi~ [^{- ojtb kji~ma ahtar~rc{a{ uctbkmafr ci~fkt{ jh tba ucdar kjiiqhcts-mjkfm ejwarhiaht {q~~jrt uf{ f~raravqc{cta( Fm{j- tba _qrfm Dawamj~iaht

Fkfdais "_DF# ch Ojerf oqcmt {trjhemchl{ uctb tba Qhcjh ^frc{bfd- ubj{akbfcrifh uf{ uamm lhjuh tj tba da~qtsdcraktjr jg ferckqmtqra ft _DF( Tba mfttar

chwjmwad tba mjkfm ejwarhiaht chjrefhc{che wfrcjq{ fufraha{{ fhd {kfmche)




46/74


6?

q~ fktcwctca{ qhdar tba [aad BafmtbCi~rjwaiaht [^( Ejjd bqifhramftcjh{bc~{ fra tba kjrhar {tjha gjr f{qkka{{gqm kjmmfojrftcjh(

Mafrhche hatujrl{ fhd gjrqi{

Frc{che grji tba haad tj ~rjwcda gfriar{ uctb kjh{c{taht chgjriftcjh- ÂT__F[^{ {tfrtad tj chtarfkt ijra ft tbaraecjhfm mawam fijhe tbai{amwa{fhd uctb jtbar ~rjàkt{- HEJ{-gfriar ra~ra{ahtftcwa{- ejwarhiahtfmjrefhc{ftcjh{ fhd kjiiarkcfm oq{cha{{a{

uctb fh chtara{t ch rcka(

Tuj gjkfm fraf gjrqi{- hfiams ch tbaHjrtb)af{t fhd tba hjrtb)ua{t- aiareadf{ iqmtc~ma fktjr ~mftgjri{ gjr0 c#kbfhhammche tba wjcka jg ifma fhd gaifma~jjr gfriar{< cc# a{tfomc{bche f hatujrltbft gfkcmctfta{ vqfmcts kjhtrjm fhddc{{aichftcjh jg vqfmcts {aad ch tbaraecjh< ccc# {kraahche- wfmcdftche fhdtrfh{gjriche chgjriftcjh chtj kjh{c{tahtfdwcka- f{ uamm f{ gjr< fhd cw# ~jjmchera{jqrka{ ch trfchche gfriar{

"[fi{qppfifh fhd Ifpcd- ?>>4#( Tbagjkfm fraf gjrqi{ fra f ~rfktckfm afi~majg dakahtrfmc{ad dakc{cjh)iflche chferckqmtqrfm ra{afrkb fhd atah{cjh(

Kqrrahtms- tuj gfriar{ fra iaioar{ jgtba hjrtb)ua{t gjkfm fraf gjrqi- fmjhe

uctb ra~ra{ahtftcwa{ jg ejwarhiahtfmch{tctqta{ "O__C- OF_C- OCHF fhdOFDK#- HEJ{ "_D_[ fhd ELG#- tbaejwarhiaht atah{cjh{ {arwcka "DFA# fhd

~rcwfta kji~fhca{( Ir{( Oqmoqmc _fhc- wckakbfcr jg jha jg tba _D_[ gadarftcjh{- uf{ amaktad f{ f gfriar ra~ra{ahtftcwa(Jwar tba safr{- {ba bf{ a{tfomc{badkjhtfkt{ uctb iqmtc~ma jrefhc{ftcjh{ fhdchtarfktad ch fktcjh ra{afrkb uctb {kcahtc{t{fhd qhcwar{cts {tqdaht{( [ba hju krctckfmmsf{{a{{a{ hau takbhjmjeca{ ch bar juhgcamd- bam~{ tj kjjrdchfta {aad ~rjdqktcjhft tba kjiiqhcts mawam fhd bf{ {at q~ f{ifmm tfcmjr ujrl{bj~ ft bar bjq{a- ubara

{ba tafkba{ sjqhe mfdca{ grji tbahacebojqrbjjd(

_D_[- {tciqmftad os ÂT__F- {tfrtadtba chctcftcwa gjr f gjkfm fraf gjrqi ch

Fqeq{t ?>>?( Fmtbjqeb tbas f{lad tbaDFA hqiarjq{ tcia{ tj {ceh fiaijrfhdqi jg qhdar{tfhdche tj

oakjia f gjrifm iaioar jg tba hjrtb)ua{t gjkfm fraf gjrqi- tbacr chctcfm rafktcjhuf{ jha jg ra{arwftcjh fhd ba{ctftcjh(

[awarfm awaht{ orjqebt tba wfrcjq{ fktjr{kmj{ar tjeatbar- oqt ct uf{h%t qhtcm tba {tftaichc{tar gjr ferckqmtqra ~rjwcdad bc{{q~~jrt dqrche f ~jmcks dcfmjeqa ch ?>>4tbft tba dcraktjr)eaharfm jg DFA kfia jhojfrd "Oj 6#( Ciiadcftams fgtar- tbaDFA Omjkl [q~arwc{jr{ uara f{lad tjkjmmakt tba iaatche tcia{ jg fmm _D_[gadarftcjh{- fhd rakacwad ch{trqktcjh{ tjiaat tba gfriar erjq~{ ft tcia{ tbfttba{a fmrafds eftbar gjr jtbar fktcwctca{(

F{ {qkb- DFA {fwa{ kjh{cdarfoma tcia oshjt bfwche tj jrefhc{a erjq~ iaatche{-fhd gfriar{ {fwa tcia os bfwche tjchtarrq~t tbacr {kbadqma jhms jhka f uaal(

/C kjqmd hjt oamcawa tbft tba ichc{tarujqmd fkka~t tba cdaf {j {trjhems< ba uf{orcmmcfht-/ {fcd Dr( [sad [fi{qppfifh-

jha jg tba gjkfm fraf gjrqi chctcftjr{grji _D_[- ciiadcftams fgtar tba ~jmcksdcfmjeqa(

/Bjhjqrche fh feraaiaht c{ f {trjhe ijtcwftjrtj oabfwa ch tba kjmmaktcwa chtara{t(/

Larr fhd Lfqgifh)Ecmmcmfhd- 6334 ch_mche- 6337

Kmafrms tba hau ferckqmtqrfm atah{cjh~jmcks ahfomad fh chctcftcwa mcla tba gjkfmfraf gjrqi tj aiarea fhd krs{tfmmc{a- oqt

qhtcm tbc{ awaht- tba kjqhtrs mfklad ejjdafi~ma{ jg bju ~frthar{bc~{ fhddakahtrfmc{ftcjh ch ra{afrkb fhd atah{cjhkjqmd tfla {bf~a jh tba erjqhd( Tba gjkfmfraf gjrqi{ oakfia f rafmcts- fhd tbaahdjr{aiaht os tba ichc{tar f bc{tjrckawaht- ~rjofoms f{ {cehcgckfht f{ tbaa{tfomc{biaht jg tba hau ferckqmtqrfmatah{cjh ~jmcks ct{amg( Iakbfhc{i{ jgkj{t){bfrche uara dc{kq{{ad grji tba afrmsjh{at fhd ah{qrad tbft tbc{ ~mftgjri ejt f

mcga){~fh tbft trfh{kahdad tba ÂT__F~rjàkt(




47/746;


; Fqeq{t- ?>>4 uf{ f eraft dfs gjr fmm hjrtb)ua{t gjkfm fraf gjrqi iaioar{ f{ tba {tfta ichc{tar gjr

ferckqmtqra fhd jtbar dc{tcheqc{bad eqa{t{ ~frtckc~ftad ch f ~jmcks dcfmjeqa uctb tbai fhd jtbar

ferckqmtqrfm ~mfsar{ ch tba raecjh( Tba tj~ dakc{cjh)iflar{ hjt jhms a~ra{{ad tbacr f~~rakcftcjh jg tba

kjhka~t- fktcwctca{ fhd ~rjera{{ ifda- tba ichc{tar fm{j ch{trqktad fmm tj ciiadcftams tfla haka{{frs

fktcjh tj gjrifmc{a tba gjrqi fhd ra~mckfta ct(

/Kjherftqmftcjh{ tj tba jrefhc{ar{ ubj bfwa chwctad ia tj {qkb fh ahtbq{cf{tck iaatche( C bfd oaahtbchlche jwar tbc{ c{{qa gjr f mjhe tcia( Is a~arcahka uctb gfriar{ uf{ tbft tbara c{ f ef~ oatuaah

{kcahtc{t{ fhd gfriar{< C gfcmad tj {aa bj~a( Oqt tjdfs C {aa {jia mcebt fhd bj~a gjr tba gcr{t tcia tbft ct

kfh ujrl( Tba gjkfm fraf gjrqi kjhka~t bf{ kjia tj q{ f{ f oce j~~jrtqhcts fhd tba dcraktjr eaharfm

DFA {bjqmd ej gjr {cehche f iaijrfhdqi jg qhdar{tfhdche chwjmwche fmm ramawfht DFA jggcka{( Ua

{bjqmd trs tj ra~mckfta ct fmm jwar Ofhemfda{b(/

Icrpf Gflbrqm C{mfi Fmfiecr- {tfta ichc{tar gjr ferckqmtqra

/Fdwcka jg tba ichc{tar c{ wars wctfm tj {ceh f iaijrfhdqi jg qhdar{tfhdche uctb ramawfht ~frthar{ ch

tba gjkfm fraf gjrqi( Ua ucmm {tfrt tba rawjmqtcjh( Ua {tfrt uctb rcka oqt ucmm a~fhd tj wfrcjq{ jtbar

krj~{( ^AT__F bf{ ifda f rawjmqtcjhfrs kjhtrcoqtcjh tj fmm tbc{( gjkfm fraf gjrqi fktcwctca{ fra mcla f

jha){tj~ {arwcka( Ua bfwa radqkad tba ef~ oatuaah tba dcggaraht fktjr{(/

Tfrcv Bf{{fh- dcraktjr eaharfm- DFA

/Ua tfmlad fojqt ra{afrkb mchlfea fhd ct{ ci~jrtfhka( Tba gjkfm fraf gjrqi {bjuad tba ~ftbufs{ f{

tj bju ct kfh oa djha( Kjjrdchftcjh- kf~ctfm fhd kradct kfh ~mfs f wars ci~jrtfht rjma( Tba gjkfm

fraf gjrqi c{ f ijdam tbft kfh oa ra~mckftad fmm jwar Ofhemfda{b cg ahkjqrfead fhd {q~~jrtad os tba

ejwarhiaht(/

F( _( Ejij{tf- Dcraktjr)_a{afrkb- O__C

/Ua {tfrtad uctb rcka oakfq{a ct c{ wars ci~jrtfht fhd ct {tcmm haad{ kjhtchqad dawamj~iaht( Tba gjkfm

fraf kjhka~t wars iqkb iftkba{ uctb tba hau ferckqmtqrfm atah{cjh ~jmcks( Uctbch tba gjkfm fraf

gjrqi ua fra hjt jhms ejwarhiahtfm jrefhc{ftcjh{ fhd HEJ{- oqt fm{j ~rcwfta {aktjr( Ua fra

{q~~jrtche gfriar erjq~{ jrefhc{ad os _D_[( Ua fra djche ct ch fddctcjh tj- oqt hjt bfi~arche jqr

raeqmfr ~rjerfiia- rftbar {trahetbahche ct(/

Amcf{ Bj{{fch- Fddctcjhfm Dcraktjr- DFA- _fhe~qr

"[fmfbqddch- ?>>4#

Oj 6(

Ichc{tar

ahdjr{a{ gjkfm

fraf gjrqi{

Atah{cjh {arwcka{ kfh tf~ chtj iqmtc~ma

ra{jqrka{ jg fktjr{- iatbjd{ fhd tjjm{(

Qhdar ^AT__F f wf{t rfhea jg iatbjd{

fhd tjjm{ uara dawamj~ad- ta{tad fhd

wfmcdftad ch jrdar tj ifla tba mafrhche

ahwcrjhiaht ijra fkkjiijdftche gjr

tba ~jjr- ujiah ch ~frtckqmfr( Afkb jg

tba afi~ma{- jr amaiaht{ jqt jg tbai-

kfh oa q{ad os fhs {arwcka ~rjwcdarda~ahdche jh tba {ctqftcjhfm kjhtat- f{

{qkb fddche gqrtbar tj tba da{crad

dcwar{cts ch atah{cjh fhd ~rj)~jjr

oq{cha{{ dawamj~iaht(

IQMTC^MA ARTAH[CJH FHDMAF_HCHE IATBJD[

Ubckb atah{cjh iatbjd c{ tba oa{t fhd

ubckb jha dj ua ~rjijta- c{ f vqa{tcjhjgtah f{lad( Oqt dja{ ct ifla {ah{a tj

~rjijta f {chema iatbjd: Os ~rjkaadcheqhdar tba ~ar{~aktcwa jg tba %~c~amcha%ijdam jg mchafr trfh{gar jg iatbjd{ "chfhfmjes tj tba kjhka~t jg mchafr trfh{garjg takbhjmjeca{#- ifhs j~~jrtqhctca{ tjradqka ~jwarts ch f kj{t)aggaktcwa ufs fraic{{ad "Ocee{- ?>>4#( Tba {kj~a gjrmjkfm fktjr{ tj chhjwfta uctb atah{cjh

iatbjd{ fhd ch{tctqtcjhfm ijdam{ c{radqkad grji tba wars oaechhche( Kmafrmshau tbchlche c{ ravqcrad f{ tj bju tjrafkb ijra ~aj~ma ijra vqcklms "CC__-?>>>#( ^rjijtche dcwar{cts fhd krj{{)gartcmc{ftcjh oatuaah wfrcjq{ atah{cjh-

book 8: uptake pathways - petrra - an experiment in pro-poor agricultural research

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