blue and orange 1450-1750 1750 – 1914. what makes 1450 to 1750 different? economic –expansion to...
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BLUE AND ORANGEBLUE AND ORANGEBLUE AND ORANGEBLUE AND ORANGE1450-17501450-1750
1750 – 1914 1750 – 1914
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What makes 1450 to 1750 Different?
• Economic– Expansion to the New World creates a truly
global trade network.– Silver trade has a massive impact on the
world market– Coercive labor goes to a whole new level.– Trade relationships begin to center around
Western Europe.– Plantation Economies
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What makes 1450-1750 Different?
• Political– Colonization of the Americas– Core – Dependent relationships– Militarization of trade – Gunpowder technology– The rise of Western Europe– China’s decision to withdraw
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What makes 1450 – 1750 Different?
• Social– Migration patterns– Demographic changes in Africa and
the New World
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Rise of Western Europe
• State Building• Empire Building• Cultural Growth• Religious Change – Reformation(s)
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Statebuilding
Ferdinand & Isabella
Henry VIII
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Empire Building
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Empire Building
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Reformations
St. Ignatius of Loyola
Martin Luther
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Columbian Exchange• The plants• The animals• The GERMS• The people
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Columbian Exchange
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And more exchange
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Spanish America vs. North America
• Why do mother countries matter?
• Why does geography matter?
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Indian Ocean Changes• Militarization of a once peaceful
trade network• Early European imperialism
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Ming China• Why didn’t China “discover”
America? • Neo-Confucianism at its best/worst
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Gunpowder Empires• Ottoman
• Safavid
• Mughal
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Japan vs. Russia Act 1
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Remember the “Enlightened Despot?”
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1750 – 1914What makes it
different???• Economics:
– Western dominance of trade is clear and the world becomes smaller with new technologies and transportation.
– Industrialization creates huge separation between the world’s powerful countries and those that remain agricultural and “behind.” This difference is highlighted by imperialism.
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1750 – 1914What makes it different?
• Political:– Political revolutions – for independence or political
change– The concept of the nation emerges.– Absolutism is challenged, and the idea of
democracy spreads.• Social:
– Industrialization impacts: gender patterns and the growing middle class, but also increases the gap between the rich and poor
– Labor systems change as slavery and serfdom become less prevalent.
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1750 – 1914Industrialization
• Why did it begin in Britain? – Agricultural change and and Enclosures– New inventions– Natural resources and transportation – Economic and political stability
• Where did it spread? • How did industrialization look in Russia
and Japan?
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1750 – 1914Industrialization – Impacts
• Created a gap between societies• Increased need for natural resources
– was a reason for imperialism– led to the dependence on cash crops
among non-industrialized regions• Global transportation developed to
support the trade in manufactured goods and raw materials
• Railroads• New sea lanes – Suez and Panama Canals
• Environmental Impacts• Land use and urbanization
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1750 – 1914Industrialization - Impacts• Social Impacts
– Urbanization– Gender “equality” ?????– Social Classes– Labor systems– Immigration
• Political responses– Reform– Isms!
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1750 – 1914Political Change
• Sources of change:– Enlightenment Ideas– Those darn bourgeoisie
• Revolutions!– American– French– Haitian– Latin America– (later) China– (and Russia is getting ready!)
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1750 – 1914Revolutions
• What makes the American and French Revolutions different?
• What makes the Haitian Revolution different?
• What are some of the reasons revolution spread to Latin America?
• How did the conservative reaction to revolution impact Europe? (Congress of Vienna)
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1750 – 1914Revolution - Impacts
• What made the outcomes of the independence movements in North America so different from the independence movements in South America?– Political– Economic
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1750 – 1914Revolution - Limitations• Women’s Rights• Racial Equality? • Social Equality?
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1750 – 1914Nationalism!
• What makes a nation different from previous types of political entities?
• How did nationalism create changes?– France– Italy– Germany
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1750 – 1914What’s going on in those old
empires? • The Russian Empire
– Catherine the Great the “Enlightened Despot”– Industrialization(?), Crimean War and Reform– Marxism
• The “Sickly” Ottoman Empire– Economic issues– Janissaries– Young Turks
• Austria-Hungary?• The Qing
– From Kangxi to Opium – How did it happen?
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1750 – 1914Imperialism
• How did imperialism change over time in Africa? – Slave trade– “legitimate” trade– The Scramble
• How did imperialism change over time in South Asia? – The declining Mughal Empire– Company Rule (to 1857)– Direct Rule (to 1947)– Nationalism and the Indian National Congress
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The Sun Never Sets
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1750 – 1914Imperialism
• Economic Imperialism in China– Opium Wars and Unequal Treaties– Response: Taiping and Boxer Rebellions
• Economic Imperialism in Latin America• Japanese – Avoiding Imperialism
– The Meiji Restoration
• The U.S. joins the fun.
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19th Century Drug Lords
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The New Japan
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New Revolutions (Getting into the Next Time Period)
• Mexico – Radical Start with a Moderate Finish
• Russia – Radical – Moderate – Radical
• China – Moderate Start with a Radical Finish
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Pancho Villa
Alvaro Obregon
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Sun Yat-sen
Mao Zedong
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Vladimir LeninAlexander Kerensky