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T? /0"(4877%'7(1$,8'6(,"@5%,"1(TQ-(4%781"($&(4%'A(FQ-(=,%<",1($&($0"(OA8V8A%(2,87<"'$1?((

The number of chromosomes remains the same, but each chromosome will have 2 chromatids after DNA replication (before S phase, only 1 chromatid per chromosome).

!"#$%&'()*(+",(-(( ( ( b(

(

Lc? O'#"(,"=4%#8$%&'(081(2%'%10"6*(!$,8'6()(%'($0"(2%75,"(8;&9"(G%44(089"($0"(18<"(1"@5"'#"d&,6",(&2('5#4"&$%6"1(81(G0%#0(1$,8'631>[(

-? !$,8'6(-?()? !$,8'6(E?(E? &:47=O%/?(T? !$,8'61(E(8'6(T?(S? !$,8'61(-(8'6(T?((

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(

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-? =&1$$,8'1#,%=$%&'84(,"7548$%&'?()? =&1$$,8'148$%&'84(,"7548$%&'?(E? :47=M14;L:;<=7E%40A@E7:;<=?(T? $,8'148$%&'84(,"7548$%&'?(

(((

!"#$%&'()*(+",(-(( ( ( c(

(YL? N'($0"(8;&9"(2%75,"*(G0%#0(4"$$",(%'6%#8$"1(:47=M14;L:;<=[(

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YY? N'($0"(8;&9"(2%75,"*(G0%#0(4"$$",(%'6%#8$"1(7%1<O<=[(

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Y\? H"'"$%#(98,%8$%&'(#8'(,"154$(2,&<(&2(844(&2($0"(2&44&G%'7(=,&#"11"1*(5\'5R?j((

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Y^? R&1$(8'%<841(089"(1&<8$%#(3;&6B>(#"441($08$(8,"(]]]]]]]]*(8'6(78<"$"1($08$(8,"(]]]]]]](?((

-? 6%=4&%6_(=&4B=4&%6?()? 08=4&%6_(=&4B=4&%6?(E? 08=4&%6_(6%=4&%6?(T? O;LE<;Ob%B7LE<;O?((

Y`? -2$",("5A8,B&$%#(<FQ-(%1($,8'1#,%;"6*(844(&2($0"(2&44&G%'7(G%44(&##5,*(5\'5R?j((

-? E8==%'7(&2($0"(^m("'6?()? -66%$%&'(&2(8(=&4B-($8%4($&($0"(Ym("'6?(E? !=4%#%'7(&5$($0"(%'$,&'1?(T? /,8'1=&,$($&($0"(#B$&1&4?(S? );=O;=A%<P%_DF%L<EC2047M0%:<%:B0%L4<2<:04?(

(

!"#$%&'()*(+",(-(( ( ( .P(

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(

38. N2(G"(,"=,"1"'$d6,8G(#0,&<&1&<"1(81(#&'6"'1"6($0,&570&5$($0"(#"44(#B#4"(32&,(#48,%$B(:('&$('"#"118,%4B(,"24"#$%'7(8#$584(1$8$">*(G0%#0('&$8$%&'(;"4&G(;"1$(6"1#,%;"1($0"(#"44(%'($0"(2%75,"(10&G'[(

-? 'nL( ( ( ()? 'nY(E? 'n`(T? L'nY( ( ( (S? !=c-?( ( (K? Y'n`(

(

Yc? Z0%#0(&2($0"(2&44&G%'7(05<8'(#"441(#&'$8%'1(8(7"'"($08$(1="#%2%"1("B"(#&4&5,[((

-? E"441(%'($0"("B"?()? H8<"$"1(31=",<(8'6("77>?(E? E"441(%'($0"(0"8,$?(T? O'4B($G&(&2($0"(8;&9"(3%'(-($0,&570(E>?(S? FEE%<P%:B0%73<X0%Q;=%F%:B4<@AB%'T?(((

\P? T5,%'7($0"(=,&#"11(&2(1=",<8$&7"'"1%1(31=",<(=,&65#$%&'>*(8('&'6%1i5'#$%&'("9"'$($08$(&##5,1(65,%'7(<"%&1%1(NN(G&546(;"(]]]]]]]]]]]](%2(%$(&##5,,"6(%'(<"%&1%1(N*(;"#851"(]]]]]]]]]]&2($0"(<"%&$%#(=,&65#$1(G%44(;"(8'"5=4&%6(2,&<('&'6%1i5'#$%&'(%'(<"%&1%1(NN?((

-? 30::04%:B7=b%B7EP?()? G&,1"($08'_(844?(E? $0"(18<"(81_(0842?(T? $0"(18<"(81_(844?(

(

Cell is diploid (we see 2 of each chromosome), with total of 6 chromosomes so the best descriptor is 2n=6.

!"#$%&'()*(+",(-(( ( ( ..(

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-? /0"(((844"4"(G%44(;"(4"11(#&<<&'(%'($0"(7"'",84(=&=548$%&'(#&<=8,"6($&($0"(9(844"4"?()? /0"( 9( 844"4"( =,"9"'$1( $0"( "X=,"11%&'( 38$( $0"( $,8'1#,%=$%&'84( 4"9"4>( &2( $0"( (( 844"4"( %'( 9((

%'6%9%65841?(E? N'6%9%65841(G0&(8,"((((G%44("X0%;%$(4"11(2%$'"11($08'(99(&,(9((%'6%9%65841?(T? !!%;=O;X;O@7EM%7=O%!"#;=O;X;O@7EM%U;EE%B7X0%:B0%M720%LB0=<:CL0%P<4%:B;M%1B7471:04?(S? /G&(&2($0"(8;&9"(3%'(-($0,&570(T>(8,"($,5"?((

\L? Z0%#0(&2($0"(2&44&G%'7(7"'&$B="1(%1(0&<&VB7&51[(

-? 9(::?()? 9(:6?(E? ""$$?(T? ((:6?(S? 9(66?((

\Y? -(<8'(8'6(G&<8'(8,"(;&$0(&2('&,<84(=%7<"'$8$%&'*(;5$(;&$0(089"(&'"(=8,"'$(G0&(%1(84;%'&(3G%$0&5$(<"48'%'(=%7<"'$8$%&'>?(-4;%'%1<(%1(8'(85$&1&<84(,"#"11%9"($,8%$?(Z08$(%1($0"(=,&;8;%4%$B($08$($0"%,(2%,1$(#0%46(G%44(;"(84;%'&[((

-? P()? .db((E? .dL((T? #(8(?(S? .((

(((

\\? N'(#8$1*(;48#A(25,(#&4&5,(%1(#851"6(;B(8(1"XC4%'A"6(844"4"_($0"(&$0",(844"4"(8$($0%1(4&#51(#851"1(&,8'7"(#&4&5,?(/0"(0"$",&VB7&$"(%1($&,$&%1"10"44?(Z08$(A%'61(&2(&221=,%'7(G&546(B&5("X="#$(2,&<($0"(#,&11(&2(8(;48#A(2"<84"(8'6(8'(&,8'7"(<84"[((

-? O,8'7"(2"<84"1_(;48#A(<84"1?((()? /&,$&%1"10"44(2"<84"1_($&,$&%1"10"44(<84"1?((((E? )48#A(2"<84"1_(&,8'7"(<84"1?(((T? O,8'7"(2"<84"1_(&,8'7"(<84"1?(((S? ?<4:<;M0MB0EE%P027E0Mb%3E71S%27E0M?(((((((

!"#$%&'()*(+",(-(( ( ( .L(

(

\^? SX8<%'"($0"(="6%7,""(%'($0"(2%75,"(8;&9"?(O2($0"(2&44&G%'7(%'0",%$8'#"(=8$$",'1*(G0%#0(%1(<&1$(4%A"4B(,"1=&'1%;4"(2&,($0"(o822"#$"6p(#&'6%$%&'[((

-? fC4%'A"6(,"#"11%9"()? fC4%'A"6(6&<%'8'$(E? 7@:<M<27E%O<2;=7=:?(T? 85$&1&<84(,"#"11%9"(

(((

\`? M&5(8,"(1$56B%'7($,8%$(%'0",%$8'#"(%'($0"(1G""$(="8(2&,($G&(7"'"1(q($0"(7"'"(2&,(24&G",(#&4&5,(3;*(=5,=4"*(8'6(<*(,"6>(8'6($0"(7"'"(822"#$%'7($0"(108="(&2(=&44"'(7,8%'1(3=*(4&'7*(8'6(,*(,&5'6>?(M&5(089"(8(0"$",&VB7&$"(2&,(;&$0(7"'"1(3=5,=4"*(4&'7j(;<=,>*(8'6(#,&11($0%1(=48'$(G%$0(8(,"6*(,&5'6(3<<,,>(=48'$?(/0"(=,&7"'B(2,&<($0%1(#,&11j(

10 purple, long 12 red, round

91 purple, round 87 red, long

(r1%'7($0%1(%'2&,<8$%&'*(G0%#0(&2($0"(2&44&G%'7(%1($,5"(,"78,6%'7($0"(24&G",(#&4&5,(8'6(=&44"'(7,8%'(

7"'"1d844"4"1(%'($0"(0"$",&VB7&$"(51"6(%'($0"(#,&11[((-? /0"B(8,"(811&,$%'7(%'6"="'6"'$4B?()? /0"B(8,"(4%'A"6_($0"(=8,"'$84(844"4"(#&<;%'8$%&'1(8,"j(3.>(;(8'6(=*(8'6(3L>(<(8'6(,?('. ?B0C%740%E;=S0Ob%:B0%L740=:7E%7EE0E0%1<23;=7:;<=M%740%Q#T%%%7=O%&9%7=O%Q!T%'%7=O%(.%T? F"#&<;%'8$%&'(6&"1('&$(&##5,(;"$G""'($0"1"(7"'"1?((((((((((((

Note that condition occurs in each generation; 2 affected parents had non-affected children; male parents with condition have affected sons.

!"#$%&'()*(+",(-(( ( ( .Y(

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()4&&6($B="1(8,"(A'&G'(2&,($0"(2&44&G%'7(%'6%9%65841j(

N?.j($B="(-)?((N?L*(NN?Lj($B="(-?((NN?.*(NNN?.j($B="(O?(((

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(-? *.!%2@M:%30%)!*#+,#)!)!?()? **.W%2@M:%30%)!*9%)$*9%<4%**?(E? NN?L(<51$(;"(>9+?(T? )&$0(NNN?L(8'6(NNN?Y(<51$(;"(>9+(&,(++8(

(((

\b? Z0"'(4%70$(0%$1(8(=%7<"'$*($0"("'",7B(2,&<(8(=0&$&'(%1(]]]]]]]]]]]]](8'("4"#$,&'(&2($0"(=%7<"'$(<&4"#54"?(

-? $,8'1<%$$"6($0,&570(()? ,"24"#$"6(2,&<((E? :47=MP0440O%:<?((T? )&$0(-(8'6()?(

(

\c? -($"1$8;4"(1$8$"<"'$(&,(<&6"4(3%'(%$1("8,4B(1$87"1>($08$("X=48%'1(8(;%&4&7%#84(=0"'&<"'&'(%1(,"2",,"6($&(81(8d8'j((

-? 98,%8;4"?()? 8115<=$%&'?(E? #&'$,&4?(T? BCL<:B0M;M?(S? $0"&,B?(((

I.1 is IAIB I.2 is IA.i II.1 is ii, II.2 is IAi , II.3 could be IAIB, IAi, or IBi. III.1 is ii, III.2 and III.3 must be IAi or ii.

!"#$%&'()*(+",(-(( ( ( .\(

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^.? -5$&$,&=01(&;$8%'(#8,;&'(2,&<((

-? 8'B(<&4"#54"?()? 4%70$?(E? &,78'%#(#8,;&0B6,8$"(<&4"#54"1?(T? '+!?((

^L? /0"(o%'2&,<8$%&'(1B1$"<p(&2($0"(#"44(%'9&49"1(FQ-(%'($0"(,&4"31>(&2j((

%? 1$8;4"*(4&'7C$",<(%'2&,<8$%&'(1$&,87"?(%%? 8(10&,$C4%9"6(#&=B(&2(7"'"$%#(%'2&,<8$%&'?(%%%? <8#0%'",B( =,&65#%'7( =,&$"%'1( ;B( 4%'A%'7( %'6%9%6584( 8<%'&( 8#%61*( ;81"6( &'( 7"'"$%#( 1"@5"'#"(

%'2&,<8$%&'?((

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(

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((

!"#$%&'()*(+",(-(( ( ( .^(

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^`? Z0%#0(&2($0"(2&44&G%'7(%1($,5"(,"78,6%'7($0"(TQ-(&2(;&$0()8#$",%8(8'6(-,#08"8[((

-? &<20%371:04;7%7=O%741B707=M%1<=:7;=%/DF%;=%:B0%P<42%<P%M27EE9%1;41@E74%LE7M2;OM?(( ()? )8#$",%8(8'6(8,#08"8'1(6&('&$(089"(#0,&<&1&<"1?(((E? TQ-(%1(=,"1"'$(%'(8('5#4"51*(G0%#0(%1(<5#0(1<844",($08'($0"('5#4"51(&2(8("5A8,B&$%#(#"44?(((T? !&<"(;8#$",%8(8'6(8,#08"8'1(089"(TQ-(%'($0"(2&,<(&2(=%4%($08$("X$"'6(2,&<($0"(15,28#"(&2($0"(

#"44?(((

^a? N2($0"(9&45<"(&2(8(#"44(%'#,"81"1*(%$1(15,28#"(8,"8(G%44(

-? 6"#,"81"?(()? ,"<8%'($0"(18<"(3%?"?*('"%$0",(%'#,"81"('&,(6"#,"81">?(E? %'#,"81"(=,&=&,$%&'8$"4B?(T? %'#,"81"($&(8(7,"8$",(6"7,""($08'($0"(9&45<"?(S? ;=1407M0%:<%7%E0MM04%O0A400%:B7=%:B0%X<E@20?((

^b? Z0%#0(&2($0"(2&44&G%'7(%1($,5"(,"78,6%'7(;&$0(&XB7"'%#(8'6('&'C&XB7"'%#(=0&$&1B'$0"1%1[(

-? gLO(%1(,"@5%,"6?()? '+!%;M%P;60O?(E? OL(%1(,"4"81"6?(T? O,78'%1<1(#8,,B%'7(&5$($0"1"(,"8#$%&'1(8=="8,"6(8$($0"(18<"($%<"(%'(S8,$0m1(0%1$&,B?((

END OF TEST – Enjoy the holiday break!

Question only counted as bonus – no penalty for incorrect answer.