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Biome-BGC based Ecosystem Service Indicators

Miklós KertészBioVeL, OpenNESSCentre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences

Ecosystem functioning & valuation web services and workflows – 6-7 June 2013, Budapest

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Outline

• Ecosystem services and models• OpenNESS case studies• Ecosystem service indicators and Biome-BGC

parameters• Provisioning services• Regulating services


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Society: decision making

Science, IT:ecosystemmodeling

Ecosystem services


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Science, IT: ecosystem modeling

Conflictmanage-ment

Ecosystem services

Ecosystem models

Outputparameters

Ecosystem serviceindicators

e-Servicescommunication, knowledge management

s-Servicescommunication, problem solving


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Outline




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The concept of ecosystem services (ES) provides a powerful way of examining the interaction between ecosystems and human well-being.

OpenNESS has been designed to deliver innovative and practical ways of applying the concepts of Natural Capital and Ecosystem Services in land, water and urban management in Europe and to examine how they link to, and support, wider EU economic, social and environmental policy initiatives.

To work collaboratively with stakeholders in each case study to identify the problems they face in operationalising the Natural Capital and Ecosystem Services concepts in their specific policy and decision-making context;

To apply and refine the methods and models to the case studies to test their relevance and usefulness in an iterative manner; and,

To characterise any common lessons that can be learnt on the operational potential of the ES and NC concepts across the multi-scale case studies.

Aim


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26 case with different cultural conditions


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Global drivers

Climate changeEU agricultural policy/ WTOs

Regional drivers

GeomorphologyRegional climate changeNational GDPGovernment regulation

Disturbance regime

PulseExtreme droughts

PressureWarmingLower groundwater tableExpansion of old-fieldsExpansion of tree plantations

Ecosystem structure

Proportion of land cover typesConnectivitySpecies richness

Ecosystem fuction

Water budgetEnergy budgetOrganic matter and nutrient dynamicsEcosystem services

FoodTimberFresh waterWater regulationRegulation of biodiversityCultural heritage

Human behaviour

MigrationWater use and drainageExtensive afforestationLand abandonmentTourism

Human outcome

Demographic changeNature conservationpolicyEconomical restructuringChange in propertysystem

Society - environmentrelationsin Kiskunság,CentralHungary


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• Discussion with the stakeholders on their demand

Steps of the Kiskunság case studies

• Modeling the effect of past, present and planned land use management on ecosystem service indicators

• Evaluation of optional changes in ecosystem services applying community involvement

• Participation in communication and conflict management• Providing recommendations related to management options

and changes in regulation


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Outline




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Conflictmanage-ment

Ecosystem services

Ecosystem models

Outputparameters





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Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES)CICES V4.3 at the ‘three digit level’

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Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES)

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Conflictmanage-ment

Ecosystem services

Ecosystem models

Outputparameters





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Biome-BGC 4.1.1 MPI

Daily/Annual Variable type ID TYPE VARIABLE NAME UNITDAILY daily meteorological variables 0 metv metv.prcp (0) precipitation cmDAILY daily meteorological variables 3 metv metv.tavg (3) daily average temperature oCDAILY daily meteorological variables 6 metv metv.tsoil (6) daily soil temperature, avg, top 10 cm oCDAILY daily meteorological variables 15 metv metv.par (15) photosynthetically active radiation W/m2

DAILY daily meteorological variables 18 metv metv.co2 (18) atmospheric concentration of CO2 ppmDAILY daily meteorological variables 19 metv metv.dayl (19) daylength sDAILY water state variables 20 ws ws.soilw (20) water stored in soil kgH2O/m2

DAILY water flux variables 38 wf wf.canopyw_evap (38) evaporation from canopy kgH2O/m2/d

DAILY water flux variables 40 wf wf.snoww_subl (40) sublimation from snowpack kgH2O/m2/d

DAILY water flux variables 42 wf wf.soilw_evap (42) evaporation from soil kgH2O/m2/d

DAILY water flux variables 43 wf wf.soilw_trans (43) transpiration kgH2O/m2/d

DAILY water flux variables 44 wf wf.soil.outflow (44) outflow kgH2O/m2/d

DAILY carbon state variables 50 cs cs.leafc (50) leaf C kgC/m2

DAILY carbon state variables 53 cs cs.frootc (53) fine root C kgC/m2

DAILY carbon state variables 56 cs cs.livestemc (56) live stem C kgC/m2

DAILY carbon state variables 59 cs cs.deadstemc (59) dead stem C kgC/m2

DAILY carbon state variables 62 cs cs.livecrootc (62) live coarse root C kgC/m2

DAILY carbon state variables 65 cs cs.deadcrootc(65) dead coarse root C kgC/m2

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Conflictmanage-ment

Ecosystem services

Ecosystem models

Outputparameters





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Biome-BGC 4.1.1 MPI














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SUGGESTED OUTPUT VARIABLES TO COMPOSE FOR ECOSYSTEM SERVICE INDICATORSBiome-BGC 4.1.1 MPI














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CICES Ecosystem services Ecosystem serviceindicatorsSection Division Group

ProvisioningMaterials Biomass/Fibre

WOODEnergy Biomass

Provisioning Materials BiomassANPP

Regulation Maintenance Climate regulation

Provisioning Material Water

AETRegulation Mediation Liquid flows

Regulation Maintenance Water conditions

Regulation Maintenance Climate regulation

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• Time frame: • Yearly data• Average of 1961-1990 , average of 30 yr periods

Biome-BGC output Ecosystem Services Indicators

• Yearly sums and/or yearly maxima of parameters

• Sums, differences of ratios of parameters

• Standard deviation of parameters


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Ecosystem service indicator (ESI)

BIOME-BGC paramer(s) Calculation

WOODAnnual wood incrementkgC/m2

Annual outputs:lifestemcdeadstemc

IF WOODY/NONWOODY = 1WoodC(yr) = livestemc[yr] + deadstemc[yr]AnnWoodC(yr) = WoodC(yr) – WoodC(yr-1)

GRASSYearly maximum of grasss production kgC/m2

Daily output:leafc

IF WOODY/NONWOODY = 0GRASS_mx(yr) = MAX(leafc[yr])GRASS_mx_yearday(yr) = yearday[GRASS_mx(yr)]

CROPYearly production kgC/m2

Daily output:leafc

IF WOODY/NONWOODY = 0GRASS_mx(yr) = MAX(leafc[yr])GRASS_mx_yearday(yr) = yearday[GRASS_mx(yr)]

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ANPPAnnual net primary productionkgC/m2/yr

Daily output:daily_npp AnnNPP(yr) = SUM(daily_npp[yearday1 …

yearday365])

TACSTotal average carbon stockkgC/m2

Annual output:totalc

TACS_AvgPrior30(yr) = AVERAGE (totalc[yr-29 … yr])

AETAnnual evapotranspirationkgH2O/m2/yr

Annual outputs:canopyw_evapsnoww_sublsoilw_evapsoilw_trans

AnnET(yr) = canopyw_evap[yr] + snoww_subl[yr] + soilw_evap[yr] + soilw_trans[yr]

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DECOMPLitter and CWD annual decomposition ratekgC/m2/yr

Annual output:litr1c_to_soil1c litr2c_to_soil2c litr3c_to_soil3c

AnnDECOMP(year) = litr1c_to_soil1c[yr] + litr2c_to_soil2c[yr] + litr3c_to_soil3c[yr]

HUMIFHumification in the soilkgC/m2/yr

Annual output:soil3c_to_soil4c

HUMIF_AvgPrior30(yr) = AVERAGE (soil3c_to_soil4c[yr-29 … yr])

LIVEBIOLive biomass: proxy for cleansing potentialkgC/m2

Daily outputs:leafcfrootclivestemclivecrootc

AnnLIVEBIO(yr) = leafc[yr] + frootc[yr] + livestemc[yr] + llivecrootc[yr]

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DESDWODamping of Ecosystem Daily Water Outflow

Daily outputs:prcpsoilw_outflow

PRCP_DailyStd(yr) = STD (prcp[yearday1 … yearday365]) OF_DailyStd(yr) = STD (soilw_outflow[yearday1 … yearday365])DESDWO(yr) = PRCP_DailyStd(yr) / OF_DailyStd(yr)

SOILPROTLiving and dead biomass protecting the soil against erosionkgC/m2

Daily output:leafc frootclivecrootcdeadcrootccwdclitr1c (?) litr2clitr3clitr4c

ProtBiomass(daily) = leafc + frootc + livecrootc + deadcrootc + cwdc + litr1c + litr2c + litr3c + litr4cProtBiomass_mn(yr) = MIN(ProtBiomass(daily)ProtBiomass_mn_yearday(yr) = yearday(ProtBiomass_mn(yr))

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Next steps

• Creating input parameter sets and test runs• Cross validation of critical output parameters• Preliminary evaluation of ecosystem services

indicators• Application ecosystem service indicators in case

studies


Thank you for your attention

b io v e l

Documents

ecosystem services concepts

budapest bioveldiscussion

budapest biovelsociety

case study

kiskunsg case studiesmodeling

multiscale case studies

concepts of natural

nc concepts