art year 8 term 1: still life texture
TRANSCRIPT
ART YEAR 8 TERM 1: STILL LIFE 9. Texture means how something feels.
There are two types of texture: actual texture and visual texture.
In all art and design, the appearance of texture is an important visual element.
10. A real or ACTUAL TEXTURE is one you can actually feel with your hand, such as a
piece of sandpaper, a wet glass, or animal
fur. All surfaces have texture.
11. VISUAL TEXTURE refers to an implied
sense of texture that the artist creates
through the using various art elements
such as line, shading and colour. In visual
arts TEXTURE is the surface quality of a
work of art. A texture is usually described
as smooth or rough, soft or hard, coarse of
fine, matt or glossy, and etc.
Texture can be created using a variety of
drawing techniques such as linear shading,
cross-hatching and stip-
TEXTURE
All of these rough surfaces are created by placing many light and dark marks close together. It is the character of the marks, however, that accounts for the many different textures. By using a variety of light/dark, nar-row/broad, hard/soft marks, any texture is drawable.
SHAPES and adding DETAIL
FORM versus TEXTURE
FORM
1. As an element of art, FORM is a shape in 3 dimensions having length, width and
height versus shape which is 2 dimensional and flat. Like shapes, FORMS can be regu-
lar or irregular.
... A circle becomes a sphere in three dimensions, a square becomes a cube, a triangle
becomes a pyramid or cone . Sphere, cube, pyramid/cone and cylinder are all
examples of 3D FORMS
2. We can create the illusion of form by understanding how
light reacts on the object. Adjusting these surfaces with tonal
values will result in the illusion of form in a drawing .
ILLUSION OF FORM:
TONAL VALUES - HIGHLIGHT and SHADOW
The combination of light and shadow creates a range
of tonal values, which then creates the illusion of form.
GRADUATED TONE
SHADOWS HIGHLIGHTS
3. GRADUATED SHADING means skilfully blending from dark to light by gradually alter-
ing the pressure on the pencil. Creating tonal values is an important skill when adding
shading to create 3D FORMS.
STILL LIFE
5. STILL LIFE is simply a drawing or a painting of objects. It is different from other
forms of figurative work in that it cannot move (unlike a figure or a portrait) and is
close to you (unlike a landscape).
6. Sometimes STILL LIFES are groups of natural objects (e.g. food, flowers, fruit, vegeta-
bles) and sometimes man-made objects (e.g. cooking pots, bottles, clothing, house-
hold items) or a combination of both.
7. COMPOSITION — every artist has to set up the group before they draw it to make it
look interesting. They will group objects rather than spread them out and they may
arrange them on a table or chair which they may include in the drawing. Sometimes
they may put a cloth or wall behind them to connect them together. They may choose
objects with different textures to make it more interesting.
STEP 1: construct the drawing with a fine outline concentrating on basic FORMS
STEP 2: add details and erase construction lines not required
STEP 3: sketch in any shadows and refections/highlights
STEP 4: add TONE from light to dark to each object to build up its 3 dimensional
FORM
STEP 5: focus on building up the TONES in the spaces between the objects and the
MARK MAKING TECHNIQUES TO CREATE TEXTURE There are lots of drawing techniques to create surface textures. Here are some
examples-
Blending: gradual-
ly changing the
tonal value
Stippling: a pattern
of dots. Darker when
closer together
Linear shading:
thin parallel lines.
Darker when close
together
Cross-hatching:
lines that cross each
other. Darker when
close together
8.
STIPPLING
LINEAR SHADING
CROSS-HATCHING
AUDREY FLACK PAUL CEZANNE
GIORGIO MORANDI
DRAWING FROM OBSERVATION
Primary source observation: drawing
something real in front of you.
Secondary source observation: drawing
something from a picture or photograph
4. VOCABULARY:
sketch, outline, wireframe, variety, overlap,
foreground, middleground, background,
inanimate, technique, media, space—negative
and positive, develop, review, modify, refine,
analyse, evaluate
12.
It is easier to keep the 3D FORM when the texture is smooth but more challenging
to obtain when the texture is rough as you have to consider the texture as well as
highlights and shadows.